A Study of Consumer Behavior Finds a Strong Positive Association

Multiple Choice

A study of consumer behavior finds a strong positive association between sales of ice cream and sales of soda.Describe three different possible cause-and-effect relationships that might be present.

A) Perhaps sales of ice cream cause higher sales of soda,sales of soda cause higher sales of ice cream,or both could be caused by a lurking variable such as the outdoor temperature.
B) There is only one cause-and-effect relationship: sales of soda cause higher sales of ice cream.
C) There are no possible cause-and-effect relationship ,because there should be an arithmetic mistake.
D) There is only one cause-and-effect relationship: sales of ice cream cause higher sales of soda.
E) There are only two cause-and-effect relationships: sales of ice cream cause higher sales of soda,or sales of soda cause higher sales of ice cream.