Question 1

Which theory of emotion explains that emotions occur when physical arousal is labeled or interpreted on the basis of your past experiences,the situation,and the reactions of others?

Accepted Answer

A) common sense theory 
B) Cannon-Bard theory 
C) James-Lange theory 
D) Schachter's cognitive theory

Question 2

You have worked very hard,putting in a great deal of overtime at work.Your boss not only does not notice your hard work but comments on the "messiness" of your office.You think that your boss' actions were unfair and demeaning,and you feel hurt and angry.Richard Lazarus would say that these feelings occurred because of

Accepted Answer

A) emotional appraisal. 
B) unconscious attribution. 
C) cognitive distinction. 
D) facial feedback.

Question 3

When traveling outside of one's homeland where a different language is spoken and the cultural values are much different,one could best communicate his or her happiness to members of different cultures by

Accepted Answer

A) making the hand signal for "Okay" using the finger and thumb. 
B) smiling. 
C) nodding one's head. 
D) maintaining eye contact.

Question 4

You are walking down a deserted alley late at night,and you hear a sudden noise to your left.Your sympathetic nervous system prepares your body for fight or flight,and you experience fear.Just before you turn to run,however,you see a cat race away from the trash can he was digging in."Oh,that was the noise," you think.Instead of experiencing fear,you laugh wildly at what you had imagined was coming after you in the alley.This set of events is best described by which theory of emotion?

Accepted Answer

A) the common sense theory 
B) the James-Lange theory 
C) Schachter's cognitive theory 
D) the Cannon-Bard theory

Question 5

According to the contemporary model of emotion,which of the following gives rise to your initial autonomic nervous system arousal and the cognitive labeling of an emotional stimulus,such as a large,snarling dog?

Accepted Answer

A) your emotional appraisal of the situation 
B) your adaptive behavior of running 
C) your facial feedback expression 
D) your cognitive awareness of fear

Question 6

In an experiment,people rated how funny they thought cartoons were while holding a pen crosswise in their mouths.Those who held the pen in their teeth thought the cartoons were funnier than did people who held the pen in their lips.These results are best explained by the

Accepted Answer

A) experimenter effect due to a self-fulfilling prophecy that was created by the cartoon. 
B) placebo effect. 
C) attribution theory. 
D) pen between the teeth causing the subjects to smile and the pen between the lips causing them to frown.

Question 7

Which two psychologists advocate the facial feedback hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A) James and Schachter 
B) Cannon and Bard 
C) Izard and Ekman 
D) Maslow and Rogers

Question 8

Lightning is flashing around you,and you are running down the street for home.Your heart is pounding,your throat is dry,your hands are trembling,and you are sweating.Your reactions

Accepted Answer

A) were caused by the somatic nervous system. 
B) are innate,automatic,and nearly universal. 
C) will disappear as quickly as they originally occurred. 
D) are characterized by all of these statements.

Question 9

Asian cultures tend to express the emotion of anger less and regard it as less "natural" because Asian cultures emphasize

Accepted Answer

A) personal independence. 
B) the free expression of feelings. 
C) the role of individuals. 
D) group harmony.

Question 10

Barney is taking a polygraph test during which the examiner will assess his general emotional arousal to each of the responses on several multiple choice items regarding the "crime." This series of multiple choice items makes up the
__________ test.

Accepted Answer

A) connotative guilt 
B) critical incidents 
C) relevant details 
D) guilty knowledge

Question 11

You are feeling sad and depressed.Research into brain activity would indicate that processing is primarily occurring in the

Accepted Answer

A) midbrain. 
B) left hemisphere. 
C) right hemisphere. 
D) corpus callosum.

Question 12

The most universally recognized facial expression is

Accepted Answer

A) pursed lips. 
B) smiling. 
C) sticking out your tongue. 
D) raising your eyebrows.

Question 13

As you and your mother are riding the double ferris wheel,you interpret your adrenaline rush as "thrilling and delightful" and your mother inteprets her adrenaline rush as "terrifying fear" with this difference best explained by the Cannon-Bard theory of emotion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which of the following researchers in the area of emotion would probably be most interested in Valins's notion of attribution?

Accepted Answer

A) James and Lange 
B) Cannon and Bard 
C) Dodson 
D) Schachter

Question 15

When Patricia almost stepped on a snake,she experienced physiological arousal,reacted,and felt fear simultaneously,which illustrates the _______ theory of emotion.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When Patricia almost stepped on a snake,she...

Question 16

Putting on an angry face has what effects on heart rate and skin temperature?

Accepted Answer

A) raises both 
B) lowers both 
C) raises the heart rate and lowers the skin temperature 
D) lowers the heart rate and raises the skin temperature

Question 17

Masks that are meant to be frightening or threatening are strikingly similar around the world.The ability of people from different cultures to "read" the mask's emotional message suggests that basic emotional expressions

Accepted Answer

A) have universal biological roots. 
B) are learned at an early age. 
C) are culturally-derived. 
D) are neither lasting nor innate.

Question 18

Regarding the lie detector test,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Errors may occur on the polygraph even when questioning is done properly. 
B) Thinking about upsetting thoughts during the irrelevant questions can significantly affect the accuracy of the lie detector. 
C) The polygraph may be thrown off by self-inflicted pain,by tranquililzing drugs,or by people who can lie without anxiety. 
D) The polygraph test's most common error is to label a guilty person innoncent.

Question 19

Regarding lies and the polygraph,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) As many as 25 percent of all wrongful convictions include false confessions as evidence. 
B) Although the polygraph is popularly known as a lie detector because the police use it for that purpose,in reality,the polygraph is not a lie detector. 
C) The polygraph was invented in 1950 by Joseph Wolpe,who also created the comic book character Batman. 
D) The word polygraph means "many writings."

Question 20

You are feeling happy and sad at the same time.Research into brain activity would indicate that

Accepted Answer

A) you are mistaken since you cannot experience two opposite emotions at the same time. 
B) your left hemisphere processes the positive emotion of happiness,while your right hemisphere processes the negative emotion of sadness. 
C) the negative emotion of sadness is processed by the reticular formation,while the positive emotion of happiness is processed by the amygdala. 
D) one emotion happened first but the hippocampus made it appear that the emotions were happening simultaneously.

Exam 44: Motivation and Emotion: Emotion in Detail