Question 1

In the classic experiment on prejudice,what strategy did the researchers use to break down the in-group/out-group barriers between 11-year-old boys at a summer camp?

Accepted Answer

A)  They controlled the conflict,and then performed an intervention. 
B)  They created emergencies that required the boys to work together in order to solve them. 
C)  They had small-group counselling sessions focused on resolving group differences. 
D)  They conducted classes,highlighting to the groups that their in- and out-group distinctions were meaningless.

Question 2

According to the text,if you had the opportunity to run a large bureaucratically structured corporation for a day,what changes should you make in order to overcome bureaucratic inefficiency?

Accepted Answer

A)  Make a flatter hierarchical structure and decentralize decision making. 
B)  Make a taller hierarchical structure and centralize decision making. 
C)  Eliminate all top-down communication in the organization. 
D)  Eliminate all bottom-up communication in the organization.

Question 3

What did Solomon Asch's experiment in the mid-1900s investigate?

Accepted Answer

A)  obedience 
B)  attitude formation 
C)  conformity 
D)  social networking

Question 4

During the Vietnam War,American soldiers massacred 504 unarmed civilians in a village called My Lai.What dynamic explains the cause of this calamity?

Accepted Answer

A)  norms of solidarity 
B)  boot camp effect 
C)  kill or be killed instinct 
D)  innovative cruelty

Question 5

Compare and contrast the research of Stanley Milgram and Solomon Asch.What does this research tell us about human nature,and how does being armed with such knowledge help us know what to watch out for,and how to behave in our own lives?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast the research of Stanley...

Question 6

What did Rosabeth Moss Kanter find when studying a corporation with very few female managers?

Accepted Answer

A)  The people with the best qualifications typically rise to the top of an organization. 
B)  The employees who work hard and are cooperative have the greatest chance for promotion. 
C)  Company policies need to be designed to address discrimination against women. 
D)  An informal network of social relations can determine an employee's corporate fate.

Question 7

Less than 10 percent of Poland's Jewish population survived World War II.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Primary groups are larger and more impersonal than secondary groups.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

An undergraduate student in his early 20s befriends a new,but shy,sociology professor only slightly older than himself.With the guidance of his professor friend,the student eventually becomes a sociology professor,too.How was this accomplished?

Accepted Answer

A)  getting multiple degrees 
B)  by hard work and merit 
C)  by politics at a micro level 
D)  networking and mentorship

Question 10

At a rave party,a 15-year-old was drugged and then raped repeatedly by a number of the partygoers.Some onlookers snapped pictures that they subsequently posted on Facebook,and others just ignored what was happening.When a witness to the affair was contacted by police,his statement was,"I didn't know her.I assumed she was a willing participant.Besides,no one else was calling 911." What is the term used to describe his reaction to the event?

Accepted Answer

A)  concrete feet syndrome 
B)  bystander apathy 
C)  intervention hesitation 
D)  reluctant witness syndrome

Question 11

What is the meaning of the word "oligarchy"?

Accepted Answer

A)  rule of the few 
B)  democratic 
C)  rule by the people 
D)  well organized

Question 12

Weber's research preoccupation with bureaucracies focused on the behaviour of worker networks and triads.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Much social life in a complex society involves belonging to secondary groups.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Based on the findings of Milgram's experiment,who would you be most likely to obey?

Accepted Answer

A)  fellow student 
B)  employer 
C)  politician 
D)  employee

Question 15

Rhianna was put in charge of an important project at work,requiring her to assemble a team of employees for the task.Based on Solomon Asch's work and subsequent research,what should she do to minimize the likelihood of conformity within the team she creates?

Accepted Answer

A)  She should aim for a group size of three or four members. 
B)  She should comprise a group of visible minority individuals. 
C)  She should select individuals that have already worked together on a number of projects. 
D)  She should ensure that there is at least one member who is comfortable with disagreement.

Question 16

According to the text,which leadership style is most effective?

Accepted Answer

A)  laissez-faire 
B)  authoritarian 
C)  democratic 
D)  direct-command

Question 17

A young man growing up in a small town has a desire to be a jazz musician;however,he has no one to "jam" with.Yet he collects records,reads jazz history,and idolizes jazz innovator Miles Davis.What does this distant jazz community represent for this young man?

Accepted Answer

A)  reference group 
B)  primary group 
C)  ideal group 
D)  secondary group

Question 18

What is groupthink? Give an example.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is groupthink? Give an example....

Question 19

When the work of killing people is subjected to a bureaucratic division of labour,what is the consequence?

Accepted Answer

A)  Inefficiencies creep in due to lack of communication. 
B)  People do their job because they want to kill. 
C)  Far fewer people are killed as a result. 
D)  The many tasks depersonalize the horrible truth.

Question 20

Bonnie asserted that Stanley Milgram's experiment demonstrates that even under artificial conditions people will obey structured authority.Which of the following would Bonnie provide to substantiate her statement?

Accepted Answer

A)  transcripts of the follow-up interviews of the participants 
B)  additional studies that have replicated Milgram's experiment 
C)  historical examples of people obeying authority figures 
D)  results showing the large number of subjects prepared to administer intense shocks

Exam 21: Networks, Groups, and Bureaucracies

In the classic experiment on prejudice,what strategy did the researchers use to break down the in-group/out-group barriers between 11-year-old boys at a summer camp?

According to the text,if you had the opportunity to run a large bureaucratically structured corporation for a day,what changes should you make in order to overcome bureaucratic inefficiency?

What did Solomon Asch's experiment in the mid-1900s investigate?

During the Vietnam War,American soldiers massacred 504 unarmed civilians in a village called My Lai.What dynamic explains the cause of this calamity?

Compare and contrast the research of Stanley Milgram and Solomon Asch.What does this research tell us about human nature,and how does being armed with such knowledge help us know what to watch out for,and how to behave in our own lives?

What did Rosabeth Moss Kanter find when studying a corporation with very few female managers?

Less than 10 percent of Poland's Jewish population survived World War II.

Primary groups are larger and more impersonal than secondary groups.

An undergraduate student in his early 20s befriends a new,but shy,sociology professor only slightly older than himself.With the guidance of his professor friend,the student eventually becomes a sociology professor,too.How was this accomplished?

What is the meaning of the word "oligarchy"?

Weber's research preoccupation with bureaucracies focused on the behaviour of worker networks and triads.

Much social life in a complex society involves belonging to secondary groups.

Based on the findings of Milgram's experiment,who would you be most likely to obey?

Rhianna was put in charge of an important project at work,requiring her to assemble a team of employees for the task.Based on Solomon Asch's work and subsequent research,what should she do to minimize the likelihood of conformity within the team she creates?

According to the text,which leadership style is most effective?

A young man growing up in a small town has a desire to be a jazz musician;however,he has no one to "jam" with.Yet he collects records,reads jazz history,and idolizes jazz innovator Miles Davis.What does this distant jazz community represent for this young man?

What is groupthink? Give an example.

When the work of killing people is subjected to a bureaucratic division of labour,what is the consequence?

Bonnie asserted that Stanley Milgram's experiment demonstrates that even under artificial conditions people will obey structured authority.Which of the following would Bonnie provide to substantiate her statement?