Question 1

A nurse is conducting a health promotion program for adolescents to educate them about the hazards of smoking. When describing the effects on the respiratory system, which of the following would the nurse most likely include?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decreased production of mucus 
B)  Inhibition of mucus removal 
C)  Increase in the mucous escalator 
D)  Inhibition of bacterial colonization

Question 2

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who is to be discharged from the health care facility. The client has been prescribed the use of a liquid oxygen unit at home to continue with oxygen therapy. What should the nurse tell the client regarding the potential problems of using a liquid oxygen unit? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  Liquid oxygen may leak during warm weather. 
B)  The unit may give off a bad smell if not cleaned regularly. 
C)  The unit's outlet may become occluded because of frozen moisture. 
D)  Portable liquid oxygen is more expensive. 
E)  The unit may require a secondary source of oxygen.

Question 3

A nurse uses a nasal cannula to deliver oxygen to a client who is extremely hypoxic and has been diagnosed with chronic lung disease. What is the most important thing to remember when using a nasal cannula?

Accepted Answer

A)  It can cause the nasal mucosa to dry in case of high flow. 
B)  It can cause anxiety in clients who are claustrophobic. 
C)  It can create a risk of suffocation. 
D)  It can result in an inconsistent amount of oxygen.

Question 4

Of all factors, what is the most important risk factor in pulmonary disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  Air pollution from vehicles 
B)  Dangerous chemicals in the workplace 
C)  Active and passive cigarette smoke 
D)  Loss of the ozone layer of the atmosphere

Question 5

A nurse is explaining a chest tube to family members who do not understand where it is placed. What would the nurse tell them?

Accepted Answer

A)  "It is inserted into the space between the lining of the lungs and the ribs." 
B)  "I don't exactly know, but I will make sure the doctor comes to explain." 
C)  "It is inserted directly into the lung itself, connecting to a lung airway." 
D)  "It is inserted into the peritoneal space and drains into the lungs."

Question 6

What prevents air from re-entering the pleural space when chest tubes are inserted?

Accepted Answer

A)  The location of the tube insertion 
B)  The sutures that hold in the tube 
C)  A closed water-seal drainage system 
D)  Respiratory inspiration and expiration

Question 7

In what age group would a nurse expect to assess the most rapid respiratory rate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Older adults 
B)  Middle adults 
C)  Adolescents 
D)  Infants

Question 8

A nurse assesses the vital signs of a healthy newborn infant. What respiratory rate could be expected based on the developmental level of this client?

Accepted Answer

A)  15 to 25 breaths/minute 
B)  16 to 20 breaths/minute 
C)  20 to 44 breaths/minute 
D)  30 to 55 breaths/minute

Question 9

A father of a preschool-age child tells the nurse that his child "has had a constant cold since going to daycare." How would the nurse respond?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Your child must have a health problem that needs medical care." 
B)  "Children in daycare have more exposure to colds." 
C)  "Are you washing your hands before you touch the child?" 
D)  "Be sure and have your child wear a protective mask at school."

Question 10

The nurse is developing a plan of care for a client admitted with pneumonia. The nurse has determined that a priority nursing diagnosis for this client is "Ineffective Airway Clearance related to copious and tenacious secretions." Based upon this nursing diagnosis, what is an appropriate nursing intervention to include in the client's care plan?

Accepted Answer

A)  Encouraging the client to consume two to three quarts of clear fluids daily 
B)  Creating an environment that is likely to reduce anxiety 
C)  Positioning the client supine 
D)  Encouraging the client to decrease the number of cigarettes smoked daily

Question 11

A client visits the health care facility for a scheduled physical assessment. What should the nurse do when physically assessing the quality of the client's oxygenation? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  Monitor the client's respiratory rate. 
B)  Note the amount of oxygen administered. 
C)  Check the symmetry of the client's chest. 
D)  Observe the breathing pattern and effort. 
E)  Check the devices used to deliver oxygen.

Question 12

The home care nurse visits a client who has dyspnea. The nurse notes the client has pitting edema in his feet and ankles. What additional assessment would the nurse expect to observe?

Accepted Answer

A)  Crackles in the lower lobes 
B)  Inspiratory stridor 
C)  Expiratory stridor 
D)  Wheezing in the upper lobes

Question 13

A physician is choosing a chest drainage system for a client who is ambulating daily. Which of the following systems would be the best choice for this client?

Accepted Answer

A)  Traditional water seal 
B)  Wet suction 
C)  Dry suction water seal 
D)  Dry suction/one-way valve system

Question 14

A nurse is educating a postoperative client on how to use an incentive spirometer. Which of the following is an accurate step that should be included in the teaching plan?

Accepted Answer

A)  Instruct the client to inhale normally and then place the lips securely around the mouthpiece. 
B)  Instruct the client to inhale slowly and as deeply as possible through the mouthpiece, without using the nose. 
C)  When the client cannot inhale anymore, the patient should hold his or her breath and count to 10. 
D)  Encourage the client to perform incentive spirometry two to three times every one to two hours, if possible.

Question 15

A nurse is delivering oxygen to a client via an oxygen mask. Which of the following is a recommended guideline for this procedure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Adjust the mask so it fits tightly around the face. 
B)  For a mask with a reservoir, fill the reservoir half-full of oxygen. 
C)  Remove the mask and dry the skin every two to three hours if the oxygen is running continuously. 
D)  If the client is experiencing redness around the mask, remove and apply powder to the mask.

Exam 38: Oxygenation and Perfusion