Question 1

Results are described as statistically significant when

Accepted Answer

A)  the null hypothesis was not rejected 
B)  the null hypothesis was rejected 
C)  the sample results were consistent with the null hypothesis 
D)  the significance level was high

Question 2

How small must the significance level be in order to reject the null hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  less than .05 
B)  .05 or less 
C)  .05 or more 
D)  more than .05

Question 3

Which of the following mathematical operators would indicate a research hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  = 
B)  > 
C)  <

Question 4

In order to reject the null hypothesis, the significance level must be _____ or less.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In order to reject the null hypothesis,...

Question 5

Interval estimation and hypothesis testing are two types of inferential statistics. What is the difference between them?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Interval estimation and hypothesis testing are two...

Question 6

Which of the following questions about sample data could be answered using a one sample t test?

Accepted Answer

A)  Is the net effect of birth order on IQ significant after controlling for parental social class? 
B)  Is the average IQ of persons who graduated from college significantly higher than 100? 
C)  Is there a significant negative correlation between birth order and IQ? 
D)  Is there a significant difference in average IQ between Catholics, Protestants, and Jews?

Question 7

You have a 95% level of confidence that, in the population, the actual average number of siblings is between _____ and _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  .34 … 1.13 
B)  .68 … 2.26 
C)  1.077 … 1.867 
D)  2.34 … 3.13

Question 8

If, at Step 2 in hypothesis testing, your sample results are consistent with the null hypothesis, what do you do?

Accepted Answer

A)  Go to Step 3 and check the significance level. 
B)  Go to Step 4 and do not reject the null hypothesis. 
C)  Go to Step 4 and reject the null hypothesis. 
D)  Return to Step 1 and form new hypotheses.

Question 9

Your research hypothesis is that the average years of schooling are less than 12. Your null hypothesis is that the average years of schooling are 12 or more. The following results are consistent with the _____ and you proceed to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  null hypothesis … Step 3 (check significance level) 
B)  null hypothesis … Step 4 (state conclusion) 
C)  research hypothesis … Step 3 (check significance level) 
D)  research hypothesis … Step 4 (state conclusion)

Question 10

What is the difference between a two-tailed hypothesis test and a one-tailed hypothesis test?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the difference between a two-tailed...

Question 11

You are testing a one-tailed hypothesis. The sample results are consistent with the research hypothesis. Based on the following results, the significance level is _____ and you _____ the null hypothesis.

Accepted Answer

A)  .173 … do not reject 
B)  .173 … reject 
C)  .692 … do not reject 
D)  .692 … reject

Question 12

Which of the following is a possible conclusion at Step 4 of hypothesis testing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Accept the null hypothesis. 
B)  Accept the sample results. 
C)  Reject the null hypothesis 
D)  Reject the research hypothesis.

Question 13

What is Step 1 in hypothesis testing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Check the significance level of your findings. 
B)  Convert ordinal and interval/ratio variables into nominal variables. 
C)  Select a 50% sample of your data for hypothesis testing. 
D)  State the research and the null hypothesis.

Question 14

Your research hypothesis is that the average number of children is less than 2. Your null hypothesis is that the average number of children is 2 or more. The following results are consistent with the _____ and you proceed to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  null hypothesis … Step 3 (check significance level) 
B)  null hypothesis … Step 4 (state conclusion) 
C)  research hypothesis … Step 3 (check significance level) 
D)  research hypothesis … Step 4 (state conclusion)

Question 15

When can results be described as "statistically significant"?

Accepted Answer

The answer of When can results be described as "statistically...

Question 16

Which of the following is a null hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Average temperature is 72 degrees. 
B)  Average temperature is less than 72 degrees. 
C)  Average temperature is more than 72 degrees. 
D)  Average temperature is not 72 degrees.

Question 17

How can you tell which hypothesis is the null hypothesis and which the research hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How can you tell which hypothesis is...

Question 18

A one-sample t test would be appropriate for which of the following hypotheses?

Accepted Answer

A)  After one semester, women have a higher average GPA than men. 
B)  Hours spent studying and first-semester GPA are related. 
C)  The average GPA of students after one semester is less than 2.00. 
D)  The effect of hours spent studying on first-semester GPA varies by gender.

Question 19

Express each of the following probabilities as a percentage and as a fraction:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Express each of the following probabilities as...

Question 20

Which of the following is the smallest probability?

Accepted Answer

A)  .001 
B)  .100 
C)  .041 
D)  .950

Exam 12: Hypothesis Testing and One-Sample T Tests