Question 1

Klinefelter's syndrome is a chromosome disorder resulting from an XXY pattern of the 23rd chromosomes, causing reduced male characteristics and obesity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

The study of psychological and physical changes from conception to death is ________ psychology.

Accepted Answer

A)  personality 
B)  developmental 
C)  evolutionary 
D)  physiological

Question 3

Which of the following sequences of Piagetian stages is the correct order?

Accepted Answer

A)  sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operations, formal operations 
B)  preoperational, concrete operations, formal operations, sensorimotor 
C)  concrete operations, preoperational, formal operations, sensorimotor 
D)  sensorimotor, concrete operations, preoperational, formal operations

Question 4

In which of Piaget's stages does the child develop conservation?

Accepted Answer

A)  sensorimotor 
B)  preoperational 
C)  formal operations 
D)  concrete operations

Question 5

Unlike other types of research, a cross-sequential design allows researchers to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  combine longitudinal and cross-sectional research strategies 
B)  look for gender differences 
C)  reduce experimenter bias 
D)  only include cross-sectional strategies within the design

Question 6

Which statement about maturation is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It ends at puberty. 
B)  It is a more or less automatic thing. 
C)  It is only used to describe psychological changes, not physical changes, in a growing child. 
D)  It begins at birth.

Question 7

According to Thomas and Chess, a child that is very irregular in his or her schedule, resists change, and tends to be loud is labeled a(n) _______ child.

Accepted Answer

A)  easy 
B)  difficult 
C)  slow-to-warm-up 
D)  negative

Question 8

Your little sister picks up objects, feels every part of them, and then puts them in her mouth. What stage of Jean Piaget's model of cognitive development does this behavior suggest she is in?

Accepted Answer

A)  concrete operations 
B)  sensorimotor 
C)  preoperational 
D)  formal operations

Question 9

________ develop when two eggs each get fertilized by different sperm cells, resulting in two zygotes in the uterus at the same time.

Accepted Answer

A)  Monozygotic twins 
B)  Fraternal twins 
C)  Dizygotic twins 
D)  Wombmates

Question 10

In a ________ design, one group of participants is followed and assessed as the group ages.

Accepted Answer

A)  cohort 
B)  longitudinal 
C)  behavior genetics 
D)  cross-sectional

Question 11

Marisa is at a point in her pregnancy when the zygote is moving down to her uterus, and the placenta and umbilical cord are beginning to form. Which period of prenatal development is Marisa currently experiencing?

Accepted Answer

A)  fetal 
B)  embryonic 
C)  placental 
D)  germinal

Question 12

By what age do infants develop a preference for salty tastes?

Accepted Answer

A)  within a few days after birth 
B)  by four months 
C)  at birth 
D)  within a year after birth

Question 13

Drugs that can distort the prenatal organism's physical development are called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  mutagens 
B)  teratogens 
C)  controlled substances 
D)  congenital defectors

Question 14

Larry, a ten-year old, first sees two identical glasses with water at the same level; then, the water from one of the short, wide glasses is poured into a taller, thinner glass. Larry will likely conclude that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  there is more water in the taller, thinner glass 
B)  there is more water in the shorter, wider glass 
C)  there are equal amounts of water in the shorter, wider and taller, thinner glasses 
D)  there are equal amounts of water in the two identical glasses only

Question 15

________ refers to heredity and ________ refers to environmental influences.

Accepted Answer

A)  Nature; nurture 
B)  Cognition; emotion 
C)  Nurture; behavioral genetics 
D)  Cross-sectional; longitudinal

Question 16

The concept of a personal fable is when an adolescent believes he or she is unique and cannot be harmed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The specialized organ that provides nourishment and filters away waste products from the developing baby is called the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  placenta 
B)  uterus 
C)  umbilical cord 
D)  embryo

Question 18

What is the most noticeable cognitive change in middle-aged adults?

Accepted Answer

A)  changes in memory ability 
B)  loss of the ability to recognize familiar objects 
C)  reductions in height 
D)  loss of problem-solving skills

Question 19

Toxic substances such as alcohol and nicotine that cross the placenta and may result in birth defects are called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  neuroleptics 
B)  teratogens 
C)  pathogens 
D)  antigens

Question 20

Reasoning out what one should do in posed moral dilemmas based on abstract principles of right and wrong and justice illustrates the ________ level of moral development.

Accepted Answer

A)  preconventional 
B)  postconventional 
C)  conventional 
D)  nonconventional

Exam 8: Development Across the Life Span