Question 1

Since 1980, the percent of Americans who are obese or overweight has increased about ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  12% 
B)  18% 
C)  33% 
D)  60%

Question 2

Although cross-sectional studies typically show that mental abilities decline with age, when longitudinal studies are used, these age-related declines typically are seen to be nonexistent or much smaller.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Transitional models of adult development generally stress which of the following features of development?

Accepted Answer

A)  continuities in how life is experienced 
B)  discontinuities in how life is experienced 
C)  cognitive changes that occur with age 
D)  biological changes that occur with age

Question 4

Between the ages of 45 and 54, the cause of the largest percentage of deaths is __________; between the ages of 55 and 64, the cause of the largest percentage of deaths is _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  cancer; heart disease 
B)  accidents; cancer 
C)  cancer; cancer 
D)  heart disease; cancer

Question 5

According to the text, adults age 55-64 are LESS likely to die from which of the following conditions than are adults age 45-54?

Accepted Answer

A)  cancer 
B)  heart disease 
C)  respiratory diseases 
D)  accidents, suicides, and homicides

Question 6

If you were to conduct a survey of adults who smoke cigarettes, you would expect about ____ of these people would report that they want to quit smoking; of these, less than ____ will actually be able to quit.

Accepted Answer

A)  70%; 5% 
B)  95%; 50% 
C)  90%; 10% 
D)  50%; 25%

Question 7

If you were to conduct a survey of 100 women who were experiencing the symptoms of menopause, you should expect that about ____ of women would report having hot flashes.

Accepted Answer

A)  22% 
B)  39% 
C)  55% 
D)  85%

Question 8

Knowing how to start a car is a good example of declarative knowledge.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

With respect to sensory changes in middle age, one commonly experiences a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  increased ability to hear low-frequency sounds, but decreased ability to hear high-frequency sounds 
B)  increased sensitivity to pain, but decreased sensitivity to smell 
C)  increased sensitivity to smell, but decreased sensitivity to pain 
D)  decline in visual acuity and decline in reaction time

Question 10

According to the text, which of the following chronic health conditions affects the largest proportion of middle-aged adults?

Accepted Answer

A)  mental illness 
B)  diabetes 
C)  lung diseases and dysfunctions 
D)  arthritis

Question 11

The average life expectancy from birth was about age 47 in 1950, but by 2020 it will be nearly 80 years.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The text cites examples of cross-cultural research about how women experience menopause. In general, these studies suggest that reports of negative symptoms vary ________ from culture to culture, suggesting the importance of __________ factors in explanations.

Accepted Answer

A)  very little; biological 
B)  quite a lot; biological 
C)  very little; psychological 
D)  quite a lot; psychological

Question 13

The ability that typically experiences the most decline in middle adulthood is memory.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Sexual activity reaches a peak for women at about age 40, but men reach this peak about 20 years earlier, at age 20.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The age-related changes that occur in intellectual skills have been traced to which of the following brain changes?

Accepted Answer

A)  enlargement of the cerebellum, which controls balance and some motor control 
B)  shrinkage of the prefrontal regions of the brain 
C)  build up of protein plaques around the axons in the hypothalamus 
D)  enlargement of the corpus callosum, which connects the left and right hemisphere, thereby making transfer of information slower

Question 16

Intelligence that comes with experience and education and is based on the body of knowledge and information accumulated over the years is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  fluid intelligence 
B)  crystallized intelligence 
C)  declarative intelligence 
D)  pragmatic intelligence

Question 17

According to the text, which of the following types of institutions are most likely to be involved in the retraining of an older workforce?

Accepted Answer

A)  community colleges 
B)  4-year private colleges 
C)  state universities 
D)  high schools that provide remedial education programs

Question 18

According to the text, adults age 55-64 are LESS likely to die from which of the following conditions than are adults age 45-54?

Accepted Answer

A)  cancer 
B)  heart disease 
C)  respiratory diseases 
D)  accidents, suicides, and homicides

Question 19

Women's loss of bone mass accelerates greatly after menopause due in largest part to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  hormone replacement therapy 
B)  decreased supply of estrogen 
C)  decreased supply of androgen 
D)  decreased activity level

Question 20

In comparison to members of the white majority in the U.S., African Americans are more likely to die from all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  heart disease 
B)  cancer 
C)  AIDS 
D)  parasitic diseases

Exam 14: Middle Adulthood: Physical and Cognitive Development

Since 1980, the percent of Americans who are obese or overweight has increased about ____.

Although cross-sectional studies typically show that mental abilities decline with age, when longitudinal studies are used, these age-related declines typically are seen to be nonexistent or much smaller.

Transitional models of adult development generally stress which of the following features of development?

Between the ages of 45 and 54, the cause of the largest percentage of deaths is __; between the ages of 55 and 64, the cause of the largest percentage of deaths is _.

According to the text, adults age 55-64 are LESS likely to die from which of the following conditions than are adults age 45-54?

If you were to conduct a survey of adults who smoke cigarettes, you would expect about of these people would report that they want to quit smoking; of these, less than will actually be able to quit.

If you were to conduct a survey of 100 women who were experiencing the symptoms of menopause, you should expect that about ____ of women would report having hot flashes.

Knowing how to start a car is a good example of declarative knowledge.

With respect to sensory changes in middle age, one commonly experiences a(n) :

According to the text, which of the following chronic health conditions affects the largest proportion of middle-aged adults?

The average life expectancy from birth was about age 47 in 1950, but by 2020 it will be nearly 80 years.

The text cites examples of cross-cultural research about how women experience menopause. In general, these studies suggest that reports of negative symptoms vary from culture to culture, suggesting the importance of __ factors in explanations.

The ability that typically experiences the most decline in middle adulthood is memory.

Sexual activity reaches a peak for women at about age 40, but men reach this peak about 20 years earlier, at age 20.

The age-related changes that occur in intellectual skills have been traced to which of the following brain changes?

Intelligence that comes with experience and education and is based on the body of knowledge and information accumulated over the years is called:

According to the text, which of the following types of institutions are most likely to be involved in the retraining of an older workforce?

According to the text, adults age 55-64 are LESS likely to die from which of the following conditions than are adults age 45-54?

Women's loss of bone mass accelerates greatly after menopause due in largest part to which of the following?

In comparison to members of the white majority in the U.S., African Americans are more likely to die from all of the following EXCEPT: