Question 1

Which memory system is the one that is a working,active system that processes the information within it?

Accepted Answer

A) long-term memory 
B) short-term memory 
C) secondary memory 
D) cognitive dissonance

Question 2

When the sound of the word is the aspect that cannot be retrieved,leaving only the feeling of knowing the word without the ability to pronounce it,this is known as _________.

Accepted Answer

A) encoding failure 
B) extinction of acoustic storage 
C) auditory decay 
D) the tip-of-the-tongue effect

Question 3

Constructive processing is the process of altering memories of the past so that they are more positive.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The first step in the memory process is _____________ information in a form that the memory system can use.

Accepted Answer

A) encoding 
B) storing 
C) retrieving 
D) evaluating

Question 5

Which type of memory allows us to have meaningful conversations?

Accepted Answer

A) iconic memory 
B) echoic memory 
C) distributed memory 
D) procedural memory

Question 6

What is one of the real-world uses of iconic storage?

Accepted Answer

A) It is where photographic memories are kept. 
B) It is the process that covers up the disruption that would occur from saccades. 
C) It increases depth of processing. 
D) none of these

Question 7

In the famous case of H.M. ,after having part of his brain removed,he could no longer ______.

Accepted Answer

A) pay attention to specific stimuli 
B) retrieve memories 
C) form new memories 
D) make sense of memories

Question 8

Luria's mnemonist suffered from the problem of not being able to forget trivial things.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Short-term memory is where information is held while it is conscious and being used.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The duration of iconic memory is _______ than echoic memory,but iconic's capacity is probably ________.

Accepted Answer

A) shorter;larger 
B) longer;larger 
C) longer;about the same 
D) shorter;about the same

Question 11

Why did Hermann Ebbinghaus use nonsense syllables as stimuli in his memory research?

Accepted Answer

A) They offered challenging tasks. 
B) The stimuli had no previous associations. 
C) They were short and,thus,easy to remember. 
D) The stimuli had been used in earlier research.

Question 12

Most people have difficulty actually recognizing the correct image of the Lincoln penny.The most likely cause of this problem is _______________.

Accepted Answer

A) interference 
B) memory trace decay 
C) encoding failure 
D) repression

Question 13

Ebbinghaus found that information is forgotten ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) more rapidly as time goes by 
B) gradually at first,then with increasing speed 
C) quickly at first,then tapers off gradually 
D) most quickly one day after learning

Question 14

Rochelle remembered getting "B's" in her English lit classes in college.But years later when she applied for a job and took out her transcript,she was shocked to find that she had actually gotten "C-" grades.She then started telling everyone she remembers being a pretty poor student.Her erratic memory of her mediocre performance is most likely due to ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) her poor memory 
B) hindsight bias 
C) consolidation 
D) eidetic imagery

Question 15

Encoding specificity refers to _______________.

Accepted Answer

A) using physical surroundings or emotions as retrieval cues for specific memories 
B) particular codes such as Morse code to transform information into bits 
C) the discrete and specific links that occur in a Collins and Quillan network 
D) none of these

Question 16

Bethany is trying to focus on a conversation across the room during a party she is attending.This is because she thinks she heard her name above the din of the conversation.Her ability to hear her name is due to the mechanism of ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) Broadbent's forgetting theory 
B) the homecoming queen party phenomenon 
C) selective attention 
D) intimacy

Question 17

In the partial report method of Sperling's study of sensory memory,the participants were to report ______________.

Accepted Answer

A) one of three lines of letters as indicated by the sound of a tone immediately presented after the letters had disappeared 
B) only one or two of the letters in the cued line 
C) the first letter of each line only 
D) the middle letter of each line

Question 18

The constructive processing effect refers to the tendency of people who are asked misleading questions or given misleading information to incorporate that information into their memories for a particular event.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Information is simultaneously stored across a network that stretches across the brain in the ___________________.

Accepted Answer

A) Craik and Lockhart model of memory 
B) multistore model of memory 
C) information-processing theory of memory 
D) parallel distributed processing model of memory

Question 20

Your teacher has given each student the name of a key figure in the history of psychology.The assignment is to describe at least one significant contribution made by this person.If your historical figure is Hermann Ebbinghaus,what contribution might you describe to the class?

Accepted Answer

A) He described the limits of sensory storage. 
B) He discovered the parts of the brain responsible for processing memories. 
C) He created nonsense syllables in order to study memory in a "pure" form. 
D) He developed a series of memory aids that is still used by students today.

Exam 5: A: Memory

Which memory system is the one that is a working,active system that processes the information within it?

When the sound of the word is the aspect that cannot be retrieved,leaving only the feeling of knowing the word without the ability to pronounce it,this is known as _________.

Constructive processing is the process of altering memories of the past so that they are more positive.

The first step in the memory process is _____________ information in a form that the memory system can use.

Which type of memory allows us to have meaningful conversations?

What is one of the real-world uses of iconic storage?

In the famous case of H.M. ,after having part of his brain removed,he could no longer ______.

Luria's mnemonist suffered from the problem of not being able to forget trivial things.

Short-term memory is where information is held while it is conscious and being used.

The duration of iconic memory is _ than echoic memory,but iconic's capacity is probably __.

Why did Hermann Ebbinghaus use nonsense syllables as stimuli in his memory research?

Most people have difficulty actually recognizing the correct image of the Lincoln penny.The most likely cause of this problem is _______________.

Ebbinghaus found that information is forgotten ____________.

Encoding specificity refers to _______________.

Bethany is trying to focus on a conversation across the room during a party she is attending.This is because she thinks she heard her name above the din of the conversation.Her ability to hear her name is due to the mechanism of ____________.

In the partial report method of Sperling's study of sensory memory,the participants were to report ______________.

The constructive processing effect refers to the tendency of people who are asked misleading questions or given misleading information to incorporate that information into their memories for a particular event.

Information is simultaneously stored across a network that stretches across the brain in the ___________________.

Your teacher has given each student the name of a key figure in the history of psychology.The assignment is to describe at least one significant contribution made by this person.If your historical figure is Hermann Ebbinghaus,what contribution might you describe to the class?