Question 1

The key to the partial report method of Sperling's study of sensory memory was to ________________.

Accepted Answer

A) have the participants report the entire matrix of letters they saw as fast as they could 
B) have the participants report the entire matrix of letters but mask the letters after presentation with a very bright light 
C) cue the participants,using a tone,as to which line of the matrix they were to report 
D) test the use of chunking

Question 2

Laboratory studies using the recall of letters and numbers indicate that short-term memory is probably coded __________.

Accepted Answer

A) verbally 
B) visually 
C) semantically 
D) physically

Question 3

Which of the following statements about memory retrieval while under hypnosis is NOT TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) These memories are more accurate than other kinds of memories. 
B) Age regression through hypnosis can increase the accuracy of recall of early childhood memories. 
C) Therapists have induced false memories through hypnosis. 
D) All of the statements are not true.

Question 4

Recognition is typically harder than recall.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Shalissa has two exams today.One is in French and the other is in history.Last night she studied French before history.When she gets to her French test,all she can remember is history! Shalissa's memory is suffering from ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) cue-dependent forgetting 
B) proactive interference 
C) decay 
D) retroactive interference

Question 6

Retroactive interference as used in the study of memory refers to when_________.

Accepted Answer

A) older information already in memory interferes with the retrieval of newer information 
B) newer information interferes with the retrieval of older information 
C) information is not attended to and fails to be encoded 
D) information that is not accessed decays from the storage system over time

Question 7

Flashbulb memories ______.

Accepted Answer

A) are not subject to periodic revision 
B) usually concern events that are emotionally charged 
C) are almost always highly accurate 
D) usually concern events from early childhood

Question 8

According to Baddeley,which memory system is best conceived of as three interrelated systems: central executive,visual sketchpad,and auditory recorder?

Accepted Answer

A) sensory memory 
B) working memory 
C) long-term memory 
D) procedural memory

Question 9

It's Thanksgiving and the whole family has gotten together.You start to reminisce about your childhood and get into an argument with your brother.Both of you claim that you were the innocent victim of the other.This is an example of __________.

Accepted Answer

A) constructive processing 
B) hindsight bias 
C) adaptation of memory traces 
D) flashbulb integration

Question 10

General knowledge,language,and concepts are seen as parts of ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) episodic memory 
B) procedural memories 
C) declarative memories 
D) semantic memory

Question 11

In the _________________ model,memory is seen as a simultaneous process,with the creation and storage of memories taking place across a series of networks "stretched" across the brain.

Accepted Answer

A) levels-of-processing 
B) parallel distributed processing 
C) transfer-appropriate processing 
D) information-processing Incorrect: Information-processing models don't involve a network.

Question 12

According to Elizabeth Bowman,____________.

Accepted Answer

A) hypnosis makes production of false memories easier 
B) hypnosis increases confidence in memories,even fake ones 
C) therapists have produced false memories through hypnosis 
D) all of these statements are true.

Question 13

Chunking is a means of ______.

Accepted Answer

A) immediately forgetting irrelevant details 
B) combining information into meaningful units 
C) arranging details into a hierarchy from most to least important 
D) storing long-term memories

Question 14

The misinformation effect refers to the tendency of people who are asked misleading questions or given misleading information to incorporate that information into their memories for a particular event.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Short-term memory is another name for ______ memory.

Accepted Answer

A) tertiary 
B) working 
C) sensory 
D) long-term

Question 16

Studies have found that the best way to overcome the tip-of-the-tongue effect is to _____________.

Accepted Answer

A) try even harder to remember the items 
B) take a nap 
C) forget about it and let the item just come to you 
D) None of these will work.

Question 17

The Internet,with its series of links from one site to many others,is a good analogy for the organization of ______________.

Accepted Answer

A) short-term memory 
B) episodic memory 
C) long-term memory 
D) procedural memory

Question 18

_____________ memory is constantly updated.

Accepted Answer

A) Procedural 
B) Declarative 
C) Semantic 
D) Episodic

Question 19

Loftus and others have found that people constantly update and revise their memories of events,adding information to a memory that occurred later even when that information is in error.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

If ____________is like losing a document in the computer because of a power loss,__________ is like pushing the "save" key and having the document disappear instead of being stored.

Accepted Answer

A) anterograde amnesia;retrograde amnesia 
B) retrograde amnesi;anterograde amnesia 
C) adolescent amnesia;conductive amnesia 
D) procedural amnesia;implicit amnesia

Exam 5: A: Memory

The key to the partial report method of Sperling's study of sensory memory was to ________________.

Laboratory studies using the recall of letters and numbers indicate that short-term memory is probably coded __________.

Which of the following statements about memory retrieval while under hypnosis is NOT TRUE?

Recognition is typically harder than recall.

Shalissa has two exams today.One is in French and the other is in history.Last night she studied French before history.When she gets to her French test,all she can remember is history! Shalissa's memory is suffering from ____________.

Retroactive interference as used in the study of memory refers to when_________.

Flashbulb memories ______.

According to Baddeley,which memory system is best conceived of as three interrelated systems: central executive,visual sketchpad,and auditory recorder?

It's Thanksgiving and the whole family has gotten together.You start to reminisce about your childhood and get into an argument with your brother.Both of you claim that you were the innocent victim of the other.This is an example of __________.

General knowledge,language,and concepts are seen as parts of ___________.

In the _________________ model,memory is seen as a simultaneous process,with the creation and storage of memories taking place across a series of networks "stretched" across the brain.

According to Elizabeth Bowman,____________.

Chunking is a means of ______.

The misinformation effect refers to the tendency of people who are asked misleading questions or given misleading information to incorporate that information into their memories for a particular event.

Short-term memory is another name for ______ memory.

Studies have found that the best way to overcome the tip-of-the-tongue effect is to _____________.

The Internet,with its series of links from one site to many others,is a good analogy for the organization of ______________.

_____________ memory is constantly updated.

Loftus and others have found that people constantly update and revise their memories of events,adding information to a memory that occurred later even when that information is in error.

If __is like losing a document in the computer because of a power loss, is like pushing the "save" key and having the document disappear instead of being stored.