Question 1

Catching fish when fishing in a lake would most likely represent which of the following schedules of reinforcement?

Accepted Answer

A) Variable interval 
B) Fixed ratio 
C) Fixed interval 
D) Interval ratio

Question 2

What could John Watson have done to eliminate Little Albert's conditioned fear?

Accepted Answer

A) Show Albert a toy dog instead of a live rat. 
B) Let Albert touch a Santa Claus beard repeatedly. 
C) Show Albert a rat many times without a loud noise following. 
D) Have Albert hear a loud noise many times without a rat present.

Question 3

The reappearance of a learned response after extinction has occurred is called ______.

Accepted Answer

A) counterconditioning 
B) instinctive drift 
C) spontaneous recovery 
D) stimulus discrimination

Question 4

Sue noticed that whenever she opened the door to the pantry,her dog would come into the kitchen and act hungry,by drooling and whining.She thought that because the dog food was stored in the pantry,the sound of the door had become a(n)______.

Accepted Answer

A) unconditioned stimulus 
B) conditioned stimulus 
C) unconditioned response 
D) conditioned response

Question 5

What is spontaneous recovery in classical conditioning?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is spontaneous recovery in classical conditioning?...

Question 6

Current views of conditioning by psychologists,such as Rescorla,indicate that learning is completely automatic and has nothing to do with cognitive processes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Karawynn Long attempted to toilet train her cat.The principle of learning that was in operation was _____________.

Accepted Answer

A) observational learning 
B) classical conditioning 
C) AMIM 
D) shaping

Question 8

A box used in operant conditioning of animals that limits the available responses and,thus,increases the likelihood that the desired response will occur is called a ______.

Accepted Answer

A) trial box 
B) response box 
C) Watson box 
D) Skinner box

Question 9

What is the law of effect and who was responsible for its conceptualization?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the law of effect and...

Question 10

A child learns that whenever he eats all of his dinner he gets a cookie for dessert.This type of learning is BEST explained by _______________.

Accepted Answer

A) classical conditioning 
B) operant conditioning 
C) biofeedback theory 
D) social learning theory

Question 11

Pavlov's model of classical conditioning was based on the idea that the conditioned stimulus,through its association close in time with the unconditioned stimulus,came to activate the same place in the animal's brain that was originally activated by the unconditioned stimulus.This was known as _____________.

Accepted Answer

A) stimulus substitution 
B) the cognitive perspective 
C) the Skinner model 
D) higher-order conditioning

Question 12

In the "Little Albert" study,the fear-producing stimulus used as a UCS was the ______.

Accepted Answer

A) white rat 
B) loud noise 
C) fear of the rat 
D) fear of the noise

Question 13

________ is an example of a primary reinforcer,whereas ________ is an example of a secondary reinforcer.

Accepted Answer

A) A cupcake;a certificate of achievement given to a student 
B) A kiss;money 
C) Water;food 
D) A gold star;cupcake

Question 14

One might expect that classical conditioning was discovered by a psychologist.However,it was discovered by a ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) physician who was studying the age at which children start to walk 
B) physiologist who was studying memory processes in monkeys 
C) physiologist who was studying digestion 
D) dog trainer who was trying to come up with the best way to reward animals for their performances in his shows

Question 15

A behavioral psychologist tries to train a bird to climb a tree to get a reward of a piece of fruit.At first,the bird learns how to climb the tree with its legs and beak.After a while,it starts flapping its wings and hopping around before it starts to climb.Eventually,the bird flies up to the piece of fruit,even though that prevents it from getting the fruit.According to the Brelands' analysis of biological constraints,the bird is demonstrating ________.

Accepted Answer

A) response generalization 
B) that it was reverting to behavior that was instinctual for it 
C) the power of negative reinforcement 
D) the Law of Effect

Question 16

Observational learning has been used to explain why children who watch violent television tend to behave more aggressively.Research has demonstrated that watching such television shows causes an increase in violent tendencies.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

In Bandura's study with the Bobo doll,the children in the group who saw the model punished did not imitate the model at first.They would only imitate the model if given a reward for doing so.The fact that these children had obviously learned the behavior without actually performing it is an example of ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) latent learning 
B) operant conditioning 
C) classical conditioning 
D) insight learning

Question 18

The "aha" moment that indicates insight learning was first hypothesized by Tolman.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Who was one of the first researchers to explore and outline the laws of voluntary responses?

Accepted Answer

A) Pavlov 
B) Watson 
C) Skinner 
D) Thorndike

Question 20

One day as your professor is driving to work,another driver runs through a red light and hits his car.The professor is shaken up but survives the incident.However,the next time he starts to enter the intersection,he becomes nervous and fearful.Soon,he starts going to work via another route to avoid the intersection even though this route adds twenty minutes to his commute in each direction.
According to the principles of classical conditioning,why does the professor become scared of the previously harmless intersection? What can he do about this,as going via the other route is very time consuming? Be specific.Break down the situation into its parts,and show how the principles of learning apply.

Accepted Answer

The answer of One day as your professor is driving...

Exam 5: Learning

Catching fish when fishing in a lake would most likely represent which of the following schedules of reinforcement?

What could John Watson have done to eliminate Little Albert's conditioned fear?

The reappearance of a learned response after extinction has occurred is called ______.

Sue noticed that whenever she opened the door to the pantry,her dog would come into the kitchen and act hungry,by drooling and whining.She thought that because the dog food was stored in the pantry,the sound of the door had become a(n) ______.

What is spontaneous recovery in classical conditioning?

Current views of conditioning by psychologists,such as Rescorla,indicate that learning is completely automatic and has nothing to do with cognitive processes.

Karawynn Long attempted to toilet train her cat.The principle of learning that was in operation was _____________.

A box used in operant conditioning of animals that limits the available responses and,thus,increases the likelihood that the desired response will occur is called a ______.

What is the law of effect and who was responsible for its conceptualization?

A child learns that whenever he eats all of his dinner he gets a cookie for dessert.This type of learning is BEST explained by _______________.

In the "Little Albert" study,the fear-producing stimulus used as a UCS was the ______.

is an example of a primary reinforcer,whereas is an example of a secondary reinforcer.

One might expect that classical conditioning was discovered by a psychologist.However,it was discovered by a ____________.

Observational learning has been used to explain why children who watch violent television tend to behave more aggressively.Research has demonstrated that watching such television shows causes an increase in violent tendencies.

The "aha" moment that indicates insight learning was first hypothesized by Tolman.

Who was one of the first researchers to explore and outline the laws of voluntary responses?