Question 1

After an automobile accident, Randy experienced a series of severe seizures. After the seizures stopped, Randy's ability to form new memories was greatly impaired. Which brain structure did Randy's seizures most likely damage?

Accepted Answer

A)  the hypothalamus 
B)  the hippocampus 
C)  the somatosensory cortex 
D)  the thalamus

Question 2

Nerves are made up of:

Accepted Answer

A)  bundles of axons. 
B)  dendritic fibers. 
C)  bundles of cell bodies. 
D)  glial cells.

Question 3

A midbrain area called the substantia nigra contains a large concentration of dopamine-producing neurons and is involved in motor control.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

_____ are the most abundant cells in the human brain.

Accepted Answer

A)  Microglia 
B)  Astrocytes 
C)  Oligodendrocytes 
D)  Neurons

Question 5

Hormones can influence the nervous system by promoting or inhibiting the generation of nerve impulses.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Describe phrenology and explain the contribution it has made to the understanding of the brain.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe phrenology and explain the contribution it...

Question 7

What is the corpus callosum, and what is its function?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the corpus callosum, and what...

Question 8

According to the Science Versus Pseudoscience box in Chapter 2, the statement that most people only use about 10% of their brain:

Accepted Answer

A)  has been proven by modern brain research. 
B)  is true of people who have not finished high school, but does not apply to most college students. 
C)  has been disproved; the real figure is that most people only use about 25% of their brain. 
D)  is just a myth.

Question 9

This drawing depicts the left hemisphere of the cerebral cortex. Which letter points to the area where the signals for voluntary muscle movements are initiated?

Accepted Answer

A)  frontal lobe and primary motor cortex 
B)  somatosensory cortex 
C)  primary visual cortex 
D)  primary auditory cortex

Question 10

Interneurons communicate information from one neuron to the next.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

According to the Enhancing Well-Being with Psychology feature in Chapter 2, which of the following is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  A mentally stimulating, intellectually challenging environment is associated with enhanced cognitive functioning. 
B)  Better-educated people have more synaptic connections than those who are less educated. 
C)  Compared with young rats that have been raised in an "impoverished" environment, young rats that have been raised in an "enriched" environment have more dendritic branches and more synaptic connections in the cerebral cortex. 
D)  All of these answers are true.

Question 12

What contributions did Pierre Paul Broca and Karl Wernicke make to the understanding of the brain?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What contributions did Pierre Paul Broca and...

Question 13

Kyle has suffered many head injuries during his long professional football career. As a result, he may now be suffering from chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). His symptoms are likely to include feelings of depression, anxiety, poor judgment, lack of impulse control, and problems with memory, concentration, and attention.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The hypothalamus exerts control over the endocrine system by directly triggering activity in the:

Accepted Answer

A)  amygdala. 
B)  thyroid. 
C)  pituitary gland. 
D)  hippocampus.

Question 15

Presynaptic neuron is to postsynaptic neuron as:

Accepted Answer

A)  synapse is to neurotransmitters. 
B)  receptors are to neurotransmitters. 
C)  electrical communication is to chemical communication. 
D)  message-sending neuron is to message-receiving neuron.

Question 16

This cross-sectional drawing of the human brain depicts four structures that are key components of the limbic system. Which brain structure processes and integrates information from all the senses except smell?

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothalamus 
B)  thalamus 
C)  hippocampus 
D)  amygdala

Question 17

Identify the four lobes of each cerebral hemisphere and give the function associated with each lobe.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify the four lobes of each cerebral...

Question 18

The most common, and mildest, type of traumatic brain injury (TBI) is concussion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Diffusion spectrum imaging can produce three-dimensional images of the neural pathways that connect one part of the brain to another.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Multiple sclerosis is a disease that involves excessive growth of myelin sheaths around neurons in the brain.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 2: Neuroscience and Behavior

After an automobile accident, Randy experienced a series of severe seizures. After the seizures stopped, Randy's ability to form new memories was greatly impaired. Which brain structure did Randy's seizures most likely damage?

Nerves are made up of:

A midbrain area called the substantia nigra contains a large concentration of dopamine-producing neurons and is involved in motor control.

_____ are the most abundant cells in the human brain.

Hormones can influence the nervous system by promoting or inhibiting the generation of nerve impulses.

Describe phrenology and explain the contribution it has made to the understanding of the brain.

What is the corpus callosum, and what is its function?

According to the Science Versus Pseudoscience box in Chapter 2, the statement that most people only use about 10% of their brain:

This drawing depicts the left hemisphere of the cerebral cortex. Which letter points to the area where the signals for voluntary muscle movements are initiated?

Interneurons communicate information from one neuron to the next.

According to the Enhancing Well-Being with Psychology feature in Chapter 2, which of the following is TRUE?

What contributions did Pierre Paul Broca and Karl Wernicke make to the understanding of the brain?

The hypothalamus exerts control over the endocrine system by directly triggering activity in the:

Presynaptic neuron is to postsynaptic neuron as:

This cross-sectional drawing of the human brain depicts four structures that are key components of the limbic system. Which brain structure processes and integrates information from all the senses except smell?

Identify the four lobes of each cerebral hemisphere and give the function associated with each lobe.

The most common, and mildest, type of traumatic brain injury (TBI) is concussion.

Diffusion spectrum imaging can produce three-dimensional images of the neural pathways that connect one part of the brain to another.

Multiple sclerosis is a disease that involves excessive growth of myelin sheaths around neurons in the brain.