Question 1

Visual sensory memory is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  iconic memory. 
B)  echoic memory. 
C)  photomemory. 
D)  semantic memory.

Question 2

Chunking refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  getting information into memory through the use of visual imagery. 
B)  the organization of information into meaningful units. 
C)  the unconscious encoding of incidental information. 
D)  the tendency to recall best the first item in a list.

Question 3

Memories initially processed in the hippocampus are transferred to ________ for long-term storage.

Accepted Answer

A)  the basal ganglia 
B)  the brain's cortex 
C)  the cerebellum 
D)  the amygdala

Question 4

Faulty memory for how, when, or where information was learned is called

Accepted Answer

A)  source amnesia. 
B)  the misinformation effect. 
C)  repression. 
D)  déjà vu.

Question 5

While taking the final exam in American history, Marie was surprised and frustrated by her momentary inability to remember the name of the current president of the United States. Her difficulty most clearly illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  implicit memory. 
B)  the serial position effect. 
C)  the misinformation effect. 
D)  retrieval failure.

Question 6

For a moment after hearing his dog's high-pitched bark, Mr. Silvers has a vivid auditory impression of the dog's yelp. His experience most clearly illustrates ________ memory.

Accepted Answer

A)  short-term 
B)  iconic 
C)  procedural 
D)  echoic

Question 7

Our inability to remember information presented in the seconds just before we fall asleep is most likely due to

Accepted Answer

A)  motivated forgetting. 
B)  the misinformation effect. 
C)  retroactive interference. 
D)  encoding failure.

Question 8

Which measure of memory retention is used by fill-in-the-blank test questions?

Accepted Answer

A)  relearning 
B)  rehearsal 
C)  recall 
D)  recognition

Question 9

Hotaka can vividly recall the devastating experience of barely surviving a tsunami that took many others' lives. It is likely that the stress of that experience provoked the ________ to boost activity in the memory-forming areas of his brain.

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothalamus 
B)  cerebellum 
C)  thalamus 
D)  amygdala

Question 10

When 80-year-old Ida looked at one of her old wedding pictures, she was flooded with vivid memories of her parents, her husband, and the early years of her marriage. The picture served as a powerful

Accepted Answer

A)  memory trace. 
B)  iconic memory. 
C)  spacing effect. 
D)  retrieval cue.

Question 11

The human capacity for storing long-term memories is

Accepted Answer

A)  essentially limitless. 
B)  roughly equal to seven units of information. 
C)  typically much greater in young children than in adults. 
D)  greatly reduced after people reach the age of 65.

Question 12

The psychologist Jean Piaget constructed a vivid, detailed memory of a nursemaid's thwarting his kidnapping after hearing false reports of such an event. His experience best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  implicit memory. 
B)  proactive interference. 
C)  source amnesia. 
D)  mood-congruent memory.

Question 13

Explicit memory is to ________ as implicit memory is to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  automatic processing; effortful processing 
B)  sensory memory; working memory 
C)  hippocampus; cerebellum 
D)  basal ganglia; frontal lobes

Question 14

Effortful processing is encoding that requires

Accepted Answer

A)  implicit memory. 
B)  conscious attention. 
C)  visual imagery. 
D)  flashbulb memory.

Question 15

Mentally rehearsing the glossary definitions of unfamiliar terms in order to remember them for a later test illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  the peg-word system. 
B)  procedural memory. 
C)  effortful processing. 
D)  echoic memory.

Question 16

After hearing stories of things they both had and had not actually experienced with "Mr. Science," preschool children spontaneously recalled him doing things that were only mentioned in the stories. This best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  mood-congruent memory. 
B)  proactive interference. 
C)  implicit memory. 
D)  source amnesia.

Question 17

Psychologist Karl Lashley found that rats retained at least a partial memory of how to navigate a maze after he

Accepted Answer

A)  administered a drug to the rats that prevented LTP. 
B)  removed small pieces of the rats' cerebral cortex. 
C)  injected the rats with stress hormones. 
D)  deprived the rats of any opportunity to sleep.

Question 18

George Miller proposed that about seven information bits constitutes the capacity of ________ memory.

Accepted Answer

A)  short-term 
B)  explicit 
C)  flashbulb 
D)  implicit

Question 19

Rehearsal is to encoding as retrieval cues are to

Accepted Answer

A)  chunking. 
B)  relearning. 
C)  priming. 
D)  the spacing effect.

Question 20

Shortly after hearing a list of items, people tend to recall the last items in the list especially quickly and accurately. This best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  iconic memory. 
B)  the spacing effect. 
C)  implicit memory. 
D)  a recency effect.

Exam 8: Memory