Question 1

Young adolescents are especially likely to begin smoking if they

Accepted Answer

A)  have friends and relatives who smoke. 
B)  experience narcolepsy. 
C)  are optimistic about their future. 
D)  suffer high blood pressure.

Question 2

The sleep-waking cycles of young people who stay up too late typically are ________ hours in duration.

Accepted Answer

A)  23 
B)  24 
C)  25 
D)  26

Question 3

Which of the following is an amphetamine derivative that acts as a mild hallucinogen?

Accepted Answer

A)  marijuana 
B)  Nembutal 
C)  Ecstasy 
D)  heroin

Question 4

Unconscious information processing is more likely than conscious processing to

Accepted Answer

A)  occur slowly. 
B)  be limited in capacity. 
C)  contribute to effective problem solving. 
D)  occur simultaneously on several tracks.

Question 5

The part of the peripheral nervous system that controls the movement of your arms when you write is the

Accepted Answer

A)  reticular formation. 
B)  sympathetic nervous system. 
C)  somatic nervous system. 
D)  parasympathetic nervous system.

Question 6

Understanding hypnosis in terms of focused attention, distinctive brain activity, and the presence of an authoritative presence in a legitimate context, requires an integrated ________ approach.

Accepted Answer

A)  wish-fulfillment 
B)  neural activation 
C)  biopsychosocial 
D)  neuroadaptation

Question 7

Under the influence of alcohol, angered people are ________ likely to be aggressive than they would otherwise be and restaurant patrons are ________ likely to tip generously than they otherwise would.

Accepted Answer

A)  more; more 
B)  less; less 
C)  more; less 
D)  less; more

Question 8

When Celeste was unable to obtain her regular supply of heroin, she began to develop pain and an intense craving for the drug. Celeste was experiencing symptoms of

Accepted Answer

A)  tolerance. 
B)  dissociation. 
C)  narcolepsy. 
D)  withdrawal.

Question 9

An action potential refers to a

Accepted Answer

A)  neural impulse. 
B)  synaptic gap. 
C)  neurotransmitter. 
D)  reflex.

Question 10

After three hours of playing a physically exhausting professional tennis match, Chitra began to experience feelings of exhilaration and pleasure. It is likely that her feelings were most directly linked to the release of

Accepted Answer

A)  dopamine. 
B)  acetylcholine. 
C)  endorphins. 
D)  growth hormones.

Question 11

Mark's decision to hire a particular job applicant was simultaneously influenced by unconscious feelings about the applicant's physical appearance and by a conscious consideration of the applicant's reported work history. This best illustrates the impact of

Accepted Answer

A)  blindsight. 
B)  dual processing. 
C)  hypnagogic sensations. 
D)  the pop-out phenomenon.

Question 12

If a neurosurgeon directly stimulated parts of your sensory cortex, which of the following would you most likely experience?

Accepted Answer

A)  indistinct odors 
B)  flashes of light 
C)  repetitive sounds 
D)  a sense of being touched

Question 13

After drinking three cans of beer, Akiva felt less guilty about the way he mistreated his wife and children. Akiva's reduced guilt most likely resulted from the fact that his alcohol consumption has

Accepted Answer

A)  destroyed some of his brain cells. 
B)  reduced his self-awareness. 
C)  directed his attention to the future. 
D)  increased his level of sympathetic nervous system arousal.

Question 14

The reticular formation extends from the spinal cord up through the

Accepted Answer

A)  thalamus. 
B)  sensory cortex. 
C)  frontal lobes. 
D)  association areas.

Question 15

Mark's compulsive use of cocaine continues even though he knows it has damaged his health and threatens the loss of his marriage, which he wants to preserve. Mark most clearly shows signs of

Accepted Answer

A)  REM rebound. 
B)  blindsight. 
C)  narcolepsy. 
D)  addiction.

Question 16

Behaviorism encouraged psychologists to ignore the study of

Accepted Answer

A)  addiction. 
B)  consciousness. 
C)  socialization. 
D)  insomnia.

Question 17

Because Marla is the first girl in her fourth-grade class to sexually mature, she is sometimes teased and rejected by her classmates. Marla's sense of social isolation and embarrassment result from the interaction of

Accepted Answer

A)  genes and chromosomes. 
B)  nature and nurture. 
C)  plasticity and neurogenesis. 
D)  the CNS and the PNS.

Question 18

Paradoxical sleep is to slow-wave sleep as ________ sleep is to ________ sleep.

Accepted Answer

A)  NREM-1; REM 
B)  REM; NREM-2 
C)  NREM-2; REM 
D)  REM; NREM-3

Question 19

Which of the following is a psychedelic drug?

Accepted Answer

A)  LSD 
B)  cocaine 
C)  heroin 
D)  nicotine

Question 20

According to Freud, the latent content of a dream refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  its accompanying brain-wave pattern. 
B)  the previous day's events that prompted the dream. 
C)  the sensory stimuli in the sleeper's environment that are incorporated into the dream. 
D)  its underlying but censored meaning.

Exam 3: Consciousness and the Two-Track Mind