Question 1

Name three specific types of learning that can occur prenatally in fetuses.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Name three specific types of learning that...

Question 2

Based on your text's discussion,which of the following statements best captures the relationship between observational learning and modelling?

Accepted Answer

A)  Observational learning and modelling refer to unrelated learning processes. 
B)  Observational learning and modelling refer to the same process. 
C)  Observational learning is evidence that modelling has occurred. 
D)  Modelling is evidence that observational learning has occurred.

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of non-associative learning?

Accepted Answer

A)  Isabelle sleeps through the banging of a branch on her window. 
B)  Jake puts coins in a vending machine to get a coffee. 
C)  Kyle can't smell his girlfriend's perfume after being around her for a few minutes. 
D)  Lonnie opens the door after the doorbell rings.

Question 4

How will learning material in various locations affect the learning process?

Accepted Answer

A)  It will increase the reinforcement effect. 
B)  It will ensure that the material is phonologically encoded. 
C)  It will decrease the context effect. 
D)  It will improve multi-tasking.

Question 5

Negative punishment takes away something unpleasant.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

If a mother acts in a discriminatory way when she encounters someone of a different ethnic group,it is likely that her child will similarly learn to discriminate against people from other ethnic groups.This is an example of how prejudice is acquired through ___.

Accepted Answer

A)  shaping 
B)  negative reinforcement 
C)  observational learning 
D)  latent learning

Question 7

When are learning problems typically detected in children,according to data from PACFOLD?

Accepted Answer

A)  in preschool 
B)  in Grade 1 
C)  in Grade 3 
D)  in Grade 5

Question 8

Evidence that observational learning has occurred is found with

Accepted Answer

A)  learned helplessness. 
B)  vicarious learning. 
C)  social learning. 
D)  modelling.

Question 9

While on a recent combat tour in Afghanistan,Agata learned to dive for cover at the sounds of gunfire.When she returned home,she found herself diving for cover when her husband accidently slammed a door.In this example,loud noises are a/an ___.

Accepted Answer

A)  unconditioned stimulus 
B)  conditioned stimulus 
C)  unconditioned response 
D)  conditioned response

Question 10

Barnie is in the play 'The Jungle Book' and unfortunately,they're working with a real,live,large boa constrictor.The snake is harmless,Barnie is told,and has worked in plays and on movie sets hundreds of times.Which of the following should Barnie worry about the most?

Accepted Answer

A)  spontaneous recovery 
B)  instinctive drift 
C)  shaping 
D)  primary reinforcers

Question 11

Two-year-old Rumiko started whining at the grocery store.The best way for her parents to immediately extinguish this behaviour is to praise her ___ when she is NOT whining at the store and to leave the store ___.

Accepted Answer

A)  consistently; every time she whines 
B)  most of the time; every second time she whines 
C)  some of the time; when they are done shopping 
D)  as little as possible; as quickly as possible when they have finished shopping

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT one of the effects of sleep deprivation?

Accepted Answer

A)  It causes us to permanently lose information from long-term memory. 
B)  It prevents information from moving into long-term memory. 
C)  It impairs our ability to pay attention. 
D)  It prevents new learning from happening.

Question 13

Which of the following promotions exemplifies the use of a fixed-ratio schedule of reinforcement?

Accepted Answer

A)  A café prints, "You are a winner" on a random 1/12 of its coffee lids; patrons receiving such a lid can redeem it for a free beverage. 
B)  A café offers its customers a punch card. Each time a patron purchases a beverage, a hold is punched; when ten holes are punched, the patron receives a free beverage. 
C)  A café offers each patron an early morning two-for-one free-beverage-with-purchase deal from 5-6 a.m. on Monday mornings. 
D)  Now and then, a café announces a two-for-one deal.

Question 14

The fact that prenatal exposure to garlic causes newborns to NOT react to garlic odours suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)  prenatal infants are capable of habituation. 
B)  prenatal infants can do classical conditioning. 
C)  prenatal infants can show sensitization. 
D)  prenatal infants can do operant conditioning.

Question 15

What does the term "unconditioned" refer to in the context of classical conditioning?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What does the term "unconditioned" refer to...

Question 16

Even after Pavlov's assistant stopped bringing food to the dogs during visits,the dogs salivated weeks later when they saw the assistant.What learning phenomenon does this describe?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Even after Pavlov's assistant stopped bringing food...

Question 17

Neuroimaging studies have suggested that the ___ is activated rapidly when people with phobias are exposed to their feared stimulus.

Accepted Answer

A)  prefrontal cortex 
B)  amygdala 
C)  hippocampus 
D)  occipital lobe

Question 18

The fact that some animals react to the consequences that another receives for completing the same task shows us that they're capable of

Accepted Answer

A)  classical conditioning. 
B)  operant conditioning. 
C)  habituation. 
D)  vicarious learning.

Question 19

"BANG!" "What was that?" Danielle asks in a breathless panic."That? It was just a falling pecan hitting the carport's tin roof," Matthew explains.A scant minute later,the doorbell rings.Danielle turns abruptly,still startled.Danielle's behaviours reflect ___.

Accepted Answer

A)  sensitization 
B)  habituation 
C)  association 
D)  conditioning

Question 20

Learning without awareness is also known as

Accepted Answer

A)  implicit learning. 
B)  vicarious learning. 
C)  insight learning. 
D)  spatial navigation learning.

Exam 7: Learning