Question 1

Continuity theory example- stem An older adult couple in your neighborhood retired from their jobs as teachers but continue to work in the community as school volunteers.It seems as if they enjoy maintaining similar roles that they had when they were working.They would be a good example of which role satisfaction theory of aging?

Accepted Answer

A) Social clock 
B) Disengagement 
C) Continuity 
D) Organismic

Question 2

Free radicals- choice According to one random error theory of aging,the _________ are unstable molecules that bond to other molecules,causing cells to misfuntion.

Accepted Answer

A) cross links 
B) free radicals 
C) genetic alleles 
D) amino acids

Question 3

Genome-wide linkage study- choice The behavioral genetics method in which genetic researchers study the entire genomes of family members who seem to have a higher risk of developing a particular disorder is known as what type of study?

Accepted Answer

A) genome-wide linkage 
B) selective optimization 
C) genome-wide association 
D) multiple threshold

Question 4

Initiative example- choice A man in his 50s finds that he does his best work when he allows himself to daydream or even take a break and play a video game.According to Erikson,this man would be high in the quality of:

Accepted Answer

A) initiative 
B) identity 
C) industry 
D) inferiority

Question 5

Multiple jeopardy- stem The multiple jeopardy hypothesis proposes that ageism will be most severe for people who have which characteristic?

Accepted Answer

A) Being from more than one category of minority status. 
B) Only being over the age of 75 years old. 
C) Frequent involvement with younger adults. 
D) Unable to live independently in the community.

Question 6

FOXO gene- choice Researchers are identifying a possible genetic candidate for determining longevity known as the _________ gene.

Accepted Answer

A) BOXY 
B) GWAS 
C) SNPP 
D) FOXO

Question 7

Identity balance example- choice A person using the process of identity balance would have which reaction to age-related changes in physical functioning?

Accepted Answer

A) Maintaining a stable view of self despite the change. 
B) Becoming upset and disturbed over any sign of loss or decline. 
C) Pretending that the change has not occurred. 
D) Giving up entirely on any form of physical exercise.

Question 8

Gompertz curve- stem The Gompertz curve shows the relationship between:

Accepted Answer

A) calories and rate of aging. 
B) free radicals and cancer. 
C) death rate and age. 
D) exercise and life span.

Question 9

Gompertz Curve- choice The ________ curve illustrates the relationship between death rate and age for different species.

Accepted Answer

A) Gompertz 
B) Telomere 
C) Mitochondrial 
D) Resveratrol

Question 10

Terror management theory- choice As proposed by terror management theory,the cause of ageism can be traced to:

Accepted Answer

A) lack of familiarity about the aging process. 
B) loss of contact with older adults in the family. 
C) greater urbanization and industrialization in society. 
D) the anxiety that people feel about their own deaths.

Question 11

Multiple threshold model- stem The multiple threshold model of aging predicts that people will experience challenges to their identities as they get older in a ______________ manner.

Accepted Answer

A) clocklike 
B) stepwise 
C) sudden 
D) selective.

Question 12

Ageism example from WHO The ageist stereotype that older adults are "past their sell-by date," according to the World Health Organization,is refuted by the fact that:

Accepted Answer

A) an Olympic gymnast performed a record-setting high jump at the age of 42. 
B) a 100-year-old Canadian woman completed a marathon in Toronto. 
C) the majority of women in sub-Saharan Africa care for their grandchildren. 
D) most Nobel prize winners in Medicine or Physiology are scientists in their 60s and 70s.

Question 13

Organismic model example- choice A research lab that focuses on studying the aging process is attempting to find the specific set of genes that control aging at the cellular level.It is likely that the researchers in this lab are operating from the ____________ model of development.

Accepted Answer

A) psychosocial 
B) organismic 
C) existential 
D) mechanistic

Question 14

Disengagement theory- choice The idea that older adults are much more satisfied with their lives when they are able to leave behind their former social roles and involvements is consistent with which role adjustment theory?

Accepted Answer

A) Activity 
B) Disengagement 
C) Mechanistic 
D) Ecological

Question 15

Isolation concept- choice People who find it difficult to establish long-lasting,mutually satisfying,close relationships would be considered,in Erikson's theory,to be high on which specific quality?

Accepted Answer

A) Stagnation 
B) Mistrust 
C) Despair 
D) Isolation

Question 16

Resveratrol- choice Some research evidence suggests that drinking red wine can slow the aging because it contains:

Accepted Answer

A) protein. 
B) resveratrol. 
C) alleles. 
D) mitochondria.

Question 17

Organismic model- stem Organismic models of development are most likely to include which types of aging theories?

Accepted Answer

A) Sociological 
B) Behavioral 
C) Social-psychological 
D) Biological

Question 18

Mechanistic model- choice The greatest emphasis on the environment is associated with which model of development?

Accepted Answer

A) Mechanistic. 
B) Organismic. 
C) Reciprocal. 
D) Interactionist.

Question 19

Identity assimilation example- choice A 70-year-old who refuses to think of herself as hearing impaired even though she truly has difficulty hearing conversations at ordinary levels,would be considered to show which identity process?

Accepted Answer

A) Secondary aging 
B) Identity assimilation 
C) Ego integrity 
D) Identity accommodation

Question 20

SNPs- choice In genome-wide association studies on genetic causes of aging,researchers are seeking to identify genetic variations in sequences of amino acids known as:

Accepted Answer

A) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP). 
B) cytosine replacement molecules (CRM). 
C) mutation linkage abnormalities (ML
A) . 
D) glycolization end-product units (GEP).

Exam 2: Models of Development: Nature and Nurture in Adulthood