Question 1

Which of the following is not one of the three basic needs identified by Deci and Ryan?

Accepted Answer

A)  competence 
B)  autonomy 
C)  relatedness 
D)  self-determination 
A)  competence 
B)  autonomy 
C)  relatedness 
D)  self-determination D

Question 2

Which of the following is not a criticism of Rogers's theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  many of his terms are not operationally defined 
B)  it has generated a lot of research and discussion 
C)  it is unclear which conditions enhance growth and which hinder it 
D)  it is weak empirically and difficult to test 
A)  many of his terms are not operationally defined 
B)  it has generated a lot of research and discussion 
C)  it is unclear which conditions enhance growth and which hinder it 
D)  it is weak empirically and difficult to test B

Question 3

According to Maslow:

Accepted Answer

A)  most people reach the stage of self-actualization during adolescence 
B)  self-actualization is a well-defined state of happiness and fulfillment 
C)  higher-level needs will not be tended to until lower-level needs are adequately satisfied 
D)  higher-level needs always take precedence over lower-level needs 
A)  most people reach the stage of self-actualization during adolescence 
B)  self-actualization is a well-defined state of happiness and fulfillment 
C)  higher-level needs will not be tended to until lower-level needs are adequately satisfied 
D)  higher-level needs always take precedence over lower-level needs C

Question 4

All of the following would be classified by Maslow as growth needs except:

Accepted Answer

A)  beauty 
B)  esteem 
C)  goodness 
D)  truth 
A)  beauty 
B)  esteem 
C)  goodness 
D)  truth

Question 5

According to Maslow, preferences for familiar surroundings, secure jobs, and insurance illustrate the _____ needs.

Accepted Answer

A)  physiological 
B)  belongingness 
C)  esteem 
D)  safety 
A)  physiological 
B)  belongingness 
C)  esteem 
D)  safety

Question 6

According to White, the intrinsic need to deal competently with the environment is called _____ motivation:

Accepted Answer

A)  self-actualization 
B)  effectance 
C)  internal 
D)  efficiency 
A)  self-actualization 
B)  effectance 
C)  internal 
D)  efficiency

Question 7

Research by Deci and Ryan has shown that when psychological needs are satisfied, all of the following are true EXCEPT that the individual:

Accepted Answer

A)  is motivated towards growth and development 
B)  becomes lazy and depressed 
C)  has a sense of control over his or her life 
D)  develops intrinsic motivation 
A)  is motivated towards growth and development 
B)  becomes lazy and depressed 
C)  has a sense of control over his or her life 
D)  develops intrinsic motivation

Question 8

_____ motivation emphasizes the goals toward which an activity is directed, while _____ motivation refers to the value or pleasure associated with an activity.

Accepted Answer

A)  Internal; external 
B)  External; internal 
C)  Intrinsic; extrinsic 
D)  Extrinsic; intrinsic 
A)  Internal; external 
B)  External; internal 
C)  Intrinsic; extrinsic 
D)  Extrinsic; intrinsic

Question 9

For people living in war zones, which needs of Maslow's hierarchy would be most immediately important?

Accepted Answer

A)  self-actualization 
B)  belongingness 
C)  esteem 
D)  physiological and safety 
A)  self-actualization 
B)  belongingness 
C)  esteem 
D)  physiological and safety

Question 10

According to Bandura, the idea that "capacity to exercise control over the nature and quality of one's life" is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  personal causation 
B)  competence 
C)  reciprocal determinism 
D)  human agency 
A)  personal causation 
B)  competence 
C)  reciprocal determinism 
D)  human agency

Question 11

Kenrick and colleagues (2010) have proposed a reformulated needs hierarchy. Which one of Maslow's needs did they not include in their theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  physiological needs 
B)  self-actualization 
C)  esteem 
D)  safety 
A)  physiological needs 
B)  self-actualization 
C)  esteem 
D)  safety

Question 12

According to Seligman, aspects of human character that are valued universally are called:

Accepted Answer

A)  universal truths 
B)  peak experiences 
C)  common emotions 
D)  virtues 
A)  universal truths 
B)  peak experiences 
C)  common emotions 
D)  virtues

Question 13

The actualizing tendency, according to Rogers, creates:

Accepted Answer

A)  physiological and psychological needs. 
B)  homeostatic needs 
C)  needs for positive regard and positive self-regard 
D)  needs for conditional positive regard 
A)  physiological and psychological needs. 
B)  homeostatic needs 
C)  needs for positive regard and positive self-regard 
D)  needs for conditional positive regard

Question 14

Which of the following deals mainly with agency from the perspective of the individual?

Accepted Answer

A)  proxy 
B)  reciprocal 
C)  collective 
D)  personal 
A)  proxy 
B)  reciprocal 
C)  collective 
D)  personal

Question 15

One concept that is central to the theories of Rogers, Maslow, White, DeCharms, Bandura, and Deci and Ryan, is the focus on:

Accepted Answer

A)  happiness 
B)  social learning 
C)  human growth 
D)  heredity 
A)  happiness 
B)  social learning 
C)  human growth 
D)  heredity

Question 16

According to Maslow, about what percentage of the population in our society reaches self-actualization?

Accepted Answer

A)  1% 
B)  10% 
C)  50% 
D)  nearly 100% 
A)  1% 
B)  10% 
C)  50% 
D)  nearly 100%

Question 17

How many human motives has Rogers identified?

Accepted Answer

A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  twenty 
D)  over fifty 
A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  twenty 
D)  over fifty

Question 18

The first two stages in Maslow's hierarchy of needs are:

Accepted Answer

A)  physiological and safety needs 
B)  physiological and belongingness needs 
C)  deprivation and growth needs 
D)  esteem and sense of worth needs 
A)  physiological and safety needs 
B)  physiological and belongingness needs 
C)  deprivation and growth needs 
D)  esteem and sense of worth needs

Question 19

In the self-determination theory of Deci and Ryan, the value or pleasure associated with an activity is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  extrinsic motivation 
B)  self-actualizing motivation 
C)  intrinsic motivation 
D)  reward 
A)  extrinsic motivation 
B)  self-actualizing motivation 
C)  intrinsic motivation 
D)  reward

Question 20

Which one of the following is NOT one of Seligman's aspects of human functioning?

Accepted Answer

A)  positive outlooks 
B)  positive emotions 
C)  positive individual traits and virtues 
D)  positive institutions 
A)  positive outlooks 
B)  positive emotions 
C)  positive individual traits and virtues 
D)  positive institutions

Which of the following is not one of the three basic needs identified by Deci and Ryan?

Which of the following is not a criticism of Rogers's theory?

According to Maslow:

All of the following would be classified by Maslow as growth needs except:

According to Maslow, preferences for familiar surroundings, secure jobs, and insurance illustrate the _____ needs.

According to White, the intrinsic need to deal competently with the environment is called _____ motivation:

Research by Deci and Ryan has shown that when psychological needs are satisfied, all of the following are true EXCEPT that the individual:

_ motivation emphasizes the goals toward which an activity is directed, while _ motivation refers to the value or pleasure associated with an activity.

For people living in war zones, which needs of Maslow's hierarchy would be most immediately important?

According to Bandura, the idea that "capacity to exercise control over the nature and quality of one's life" is called:

Kenrick and colleagues (2010) have proposed a reformulated needs hierarchy. Which one of Maslow's needs did they not include in their theory?

According to Seligman, aspects of human character that are valued universally are called:

The actualizing tendency, according to Rogers, creates:

Which of the following deals mainly with agency from the perspective of the individual?

One concept that is central to the theories of Rogers, Maslow, White, DeCharms, Bandura, and Deci and Ryan, is the focus on:

According to Maslow, about what percentage of the population in our society reaches self-actualization?

How many human motives has Rogers identified?

The first two stages in Maslow's hierarchy of needs are:

In the self-determination theory of Deci and Ryan, the value or pleasure associated with an activity is called:

Which one of the following is NOT one of Seligman's aspects of human functioning?

Conceptualizing and Measuring Motivation

Genetic Contributions to Motivated Behavior

Physiological Mechanisms of Arousal

Physiological Mechanisms of Regulation

Learned Motives: Classical, Instrumental, and Observational Learning

Incentive Motivation

Hedonism and Sensory Stimulation

Cognitive Motivation: Expectancy-Value Approaches

Cognitive Motivation: Social Motivation and Consistency

Cognitive Motivation: Attribution Approaches

The Emotions As Motivators

Conclusions

Filters

Exam 11: Cognitive Motivation: Competence and Control

Which of the following is not one of the three basic needs identified by Deci and Ryan?

Which of the following is not a criticism of Rogers's theory?

According to Maslow:

All of the following would be classified by Maslow as growth needs except:

According to Maslow, preferences for familiar surroundings, secure jobs, and insurance illustrate the _____ needs.

According to White, the intrinsic need to deal competently with the environment is called _____ motivation:

Research by Deci and Ryan has shown that when psychological needs are satisfied, all of the following are true EXCEPT that the individual:

_____ motivation emphasizes the goals toward which an activity is directed, while _____ motivation refers to the value or pleasure associated with an activity.

For people living in war zones, which needs of Maslow's hierarchy would be most immediately important?

According to Bandura, the idea that "capacity to exercise control over the nature and quality of one's life" is called:

Kenrick and colleagues (2010) have proposed a reformulated needs hierarchy. Which one of Maslow's needs did they not include in their theory?

According to Seligman, aspects of human character that are valued universally are called:

The actualizing tendency, according to Rogers, creates:

Which of the following deals mainly with agency from the perspective of the individual?

One concept that is central to the theories of Rogers, Maslow, White, DeCharms, Bandura, and Deci and Ryan, is the focus on:

According to Maslow, about what percentage of the population in our society reaches self-actualization?

How many human motives has Rogers identified?

The first two stages in Maslow's hierarchy of needs are:

In the self-determination theory of Deci and Ryan, the value or pleasure associated with an activity is called:

Which one of the following is NOT one of Seligman's aspects of human functioning?

Conceptualizing and Measuring Motivation

Genetic Contributions to Motivated Behavior

Physiological Mechanisms of Arousal

Physiological Mechanisms of Regulation

Learned Motives: Classical, Instrumental, and Observational Learning

Incentive Motivation

Hedonism and Sensory Stimulation

Cognitive Motivation: Expectancy-Value Approaches

Cognitive Motivation: Social Motivation and Consistency

Cognitive Motivation: Attribution Approaches

The Emotions As Motivators

Conclusions

Filters

_ motivation emphasizes the goals toward which an activity is directed, while _ motivation refers to the value or pleasure associated with an activity.