Question 1

Growth hormone stimulates the liver to release

Accepted Answer

A)  ketones. 
B)  insulin. 
C)  bile. 
D)  somatomedins. 
A)  ketones. 
B)  insulin. 
C)  bile. 
D)  somatomedins. D

Question 2

Normally secretion of growth hormone is suppressed by all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  hypoglycemia. 
B)  somatostatin. 
C)  somatomedin. 
D)  growth hormone. 
A)  hypoglycemia. 
B)  somatostatin. 
C)  somatomedin. 
D)  growth hormone. A

Question 3

Growth hormone has several effects on the body, including

Accepted Answer

A)  decreasing plasma glucose level. 
B)  increasing lean body mass. 
C)  enhancing deposition of fat. 
D)  depressing immune function. 
A)  decreasing plasma glucose level. 
B)  increasing lean body mass. 
C)  enhancing deposition of fat. 
D)  depressing immune function. B

Question 4

Up-regulation of target cell receptors results in

Accepted Answer

A)  decreased target cell sensitivity to hormone. 
B)  reduced production of hormone. 
C)  increased target cell responsiveness to hormone. 
D)  an increased hormone half-life. 
A)  decreased target cell sensitivity to hormone. 
B)  reduced production of hormone. 
C)  increased target cell responsiveness to hormone. 
D)  an increased hormone half-life.

Question 5

A primary endocrine disorder occurs when

Accepted Answer

A)  the pituitary gland oversecretes hormones. 
B)  the pituitary gland undersecretes hormones. 
C)  exogenous administration of hormone suppresses endogenous production. 
D)  the target gland is unresponsive to pituitary regulation. 
A)  the pituitary gland oversecretes hormones. 
B)  the pituitary gland undersecretes hormones. 
C)  exogenous administration of hormone suppresses endogenous production. 
D)  the target gland is unresponsive to pituitary regulation.

Question 6

Which of the following hormones is highly bound to carrier proteins in the bloodstream?

Accepted Answer

A)  Thyroid hormones 
B)  Insulin 
C)  Glucagon 
D)  Parathyroid hormone 
A)  Thyroid hormones 
B)  Insulin 
C)  Glucagon 
D)  Parathyroid hormone

Question 7

Which of the following hormones is regulated by releasing and inhibiting factors from the hypothalamus?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oxytocin 
B)  Vasopressin 
C)  Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) 
D)  Aldosterone 
A)  Oxytocin 
B)  Vasopressin 
C)  Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) 
D)  Aldosterone

Question 8

Which of the following hormones is not released from the anterior pituitary gland?

Accepted Answer

A)  Luteinizing hormone 
B)  Follicle-stimulating hormone 
C)  Prolactin 
D)  Oxytocin 
A)  Luteinizing hormone 
B)  Follicle-stimulating hormone 
C)  Prolactin 
D)  Oxytocin

Question 9

Most endocrine hormones are water soluble and exert their effects on target cells by

Accepted Answer

A)  binding to nuclear receptors. 
B)  generating second messengers. 
C)  binding to intracellular receptors. 
D)  stimulating action potentials. 
A)  binding to nuclear receptors. 
B)  generating second messengers. 
C)  binding to intracellular receptors. 
D)  stimulating action potentials.

Question 10

Releasing and inhibiting hormones travel from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary gland through portal veins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Most pituitary hormones are carried in the bloodstream bound to protein carrier molecules.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Oxytocin and ADH are secreted in response to hypothalamic releasing hormones.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Secretion of most hormones is regulated by negative feedback mechanisms.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

A patient receiving thyroid replacement hormone for primary hypothyroidism who has a low TSH should have a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  pituitary scan for possible tumor. 
B)  thyroid scan for possible tumor. 
C)  increase in hormone replacement dose. 
D)  reduction in hormone replacement dose. 
A)  pituitary scan for possible tumor. 
B)  thyroid scan for possible tumor. 
C)  increase in hormone replacement dose. 
D)  reduction in hormone replacement dose.

Question 15

The release of prolactin is normally inhibited by

Accepted Answer

A)  dopamine. 
B)  acetylcholine. 
C)  somatostatin. 
D)  somatomedin. 
A)  dopamine. 
B)  acetylcholine. 
C)  somatostatin. 
D)  somatomedin.

Question 16

An example of a secondary endocrine disorder is

Accepted Answer

A)  pituitary hypersecretion of TSH. 
B)  adrenal insufficiency following adrenalectomy. 
C)  congenital adrenal hyperplasia. 
D)  pheochromocytoma. 
A)  pituitary hypersecretion of TSH. 
B)  adrenal insufficiency following adrenalectomy. 
C)  congenital adrenal hyperplasia. 
D)  pheochromocytoma.

Question 17

Which of the following is a characteristic of lipid-soluble hormones?

Accepted Answer

A)  Transported in a free state in the bloodstream 
B)  Bind to receptors on the plasma membranes of target cells 
C)  Diffuse through cell membranes to activate intracellular receptors 
D)  Activate second-messenger cascades within the target cell 
A)  Transported in a free state in the bloodstream 
B)  Bind to receptors on the plasma membranes of target cells 
C)  Diffuse through cell membranes to activate intracellular receptors 
D)  Activate second-messenger cascades within the target cell

Question 18

An increase in serum osmolality would be expected to _____ secretion.

Accepted Answer

A)  increase vasopressin 
B)  decrease vasopressin 
C)  decrease ADH 
D)  decrease aldosterone 
A)  increase vasopressin 
B)  decrease vasopressin 
C)  decrease ADH 
D)  decrease aldosterone

Question 19

TSH passes directly through the cell membrane and binds to intracellular receptors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

An example of a lipid-soluble hormone is

Accepted Answer

A)  catecholamine. 
B)  thyroid hormone. 
C)  peptide hormone. 
D)  pituitary hormone. 
A)  catecholamine. 
B)  thyroid hormone. 
C)  peptide hormone. 
D)  pituitary hormone.

Exam 39: Endocrine Physiology and Mechanisms of Hypothalmic-Pituitary Regulation

Growth hormone stimulates the liver to release

Normally secretion of growth hormone is suppressed by all of the following except

Growth hormone has several effects on the body, including

Up-regulation of target cell receptors results in

A primary endocrine disorder occurs when

Which of the following hormones is highly bound to carrier proteins in the bloodstream?

Which of the following hormones is regulated by releasing and inhibiting factors from the hypothalamus?

Which of the following hormones is not released from the anterior pituitary gland?

Most endocrine hormones are water soluble and exert their effects on target cells by

Releasing and inhibiting hormones travel from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary gland through portal veins.

Most pituitary hormones are carried in the bloodstream bound to protein carrier molecules.

Oxytocin and ADH are secreted in response to hypothalamic releasing hormones.

Secretion of most hormones is regulated by negative feedback mechanisms.

A patient receiving thyroid replacement hormone for primary hypothyroidism who has a low TSH should have a(n)

The release of prolactin is normally inhibited by

An example of a secondary endocrine disorder is

Which of the following is a characteristic of lipid-soluble hormones?

An increase in serum osmolality would be expected to _____ secretion.

TSH passes directly through the cell membrane and binds to intracellular receptors.

An example of a lipid-soluble hormone is

Introduction to Pathophysiology

Homeostasis and Adaptive Response to Stressors

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Injury, Aging, and Death

Molecular Genetics and Tissue Differentiation

Genetic and Developmental Disorders

Neoplasia

Infectious Processes

Inflammation and Immunity

Alterations in Immune Function

Malignant Disorders of White Blood Cells

Hiv Disease and Aids

Alterations in Oxygen Transport

Alterations in Hemostasis and Blood Coagulation

Alterations in Blood Flow

Alterations in Blood Pressure

Cardiac Function

Alterations in Cardiac Function

Heart Failure and Dysrhythmias: Common Sequelae of Cardiac

Shock

Respiratory Function and Alterations in Gas Exchange

Obstructive Pulmonary Disorders

Restrictive Pulmonary Disorders

Fluid and Electrolyte Homeostasis and Imbalances

Acid-Base Homeostasis and Imbalances

Renal Function

Intrarenal Disorders

Acute Renal Failure and Chronic Kidney Disease

Disorders of the Bladder

Male Genital and Reproductive Function

Alterations in Male Genital and Reproductive Function

Female Genital and Reproductive Function

Alterations in Female Genital and Reproductive Function

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Gastrointestinal Function

Gastrointestinal Disorders

Alterations in Function of the Gallbladder and Exocrine Pancreas

Liver Diseases

Disorders of Endocrine Function

Diabetes Mellitus

Alterations in Metabolism and Nutrition

Structure and Function of the Nervous System

Acute Disorders of Brain Function

Chronic Disorders of Neurologic Function

Alterations in Special Sensory Function

Pain

Neurobiology of Psychotic Illnesses

Neurobiology of Nonpsychotic Illnesses

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations in Musculoskeletal Function: Trauma, Infection, and Disease

Alterations in Musculoskeletal Function: Rheumatic Disorders

Alterations in the Integumentary System

Burn Injuries

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