Exam 12: Development Over the Lifespan

The Rorschach inkblot test and the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)are both examples of what are called:

Rotter's construct of reinforcement value refers to:

John is a rather aggressive person with lots of energy.He sometimes got into trouble for aggressive behaviour as a teenager,but he has recently vented his aggressive feelings by playing rugby on a local team.Instead of getting into trouble for his aggressive behaviour,John now finds that he is considered to be a well-respected and valuable rugby player by his teammates.According to Freud,joining the rugby team would best be considered an example of the defence mechanism of:

When growing up,John's parents were uncomfortable every time that John happened to be sad.As a result,John now disapproves of his own sad feelings,even when they are appropriate.Carl Rogers and other humanistic theorists would consider John's attitude towards his sad feelings as an example of:

In the case of a woman,Julia,her trait of disagreeableness may motivate her to behave in irritable,cynical,and uncooperative ways.These behaviours likely trigger negative reactions in her friends,and these social consequences may in turn serve to strengthen and reinforce Julia's personality and her social behaviour.This example best demonstrates the concept of:

Chris typically behaves in a way that is reflective,refined,and imaginative.In the "Big Five" model of personality factors,these lower-order traits place most closely on the ______________ dimension.

Which of the following concepts is most concerned with the amount of personal power or influence we feel that we can exert in our lives?

Given a list of activities a person enjoys most,you may accurately predict the way a person would behave in a future situation.In this way,you do not have to observe the person's every behaviour you can simply group "like" behaviours together and make predictions about future novel behaviour based on these.This method is the basic idea behind:

The NEO-PI measure of personality was developed using an approach to personality scale construction called the ______________ approach.

The concept of _______________ rests in large part on the observation that people seem to show some degree of consistency in behaviour across time and across situations.

Outline Freud's conceptualization regarding the structure of personality.Be sure to identify the various components of personality and describe how each component is thought to function.

In Freud's psychoanalytic theory,creative and artistic achievements arise from intrapsychic conflict,while in Roger's humanistic theory,they arise from ______________.

Bob thinks that he is a good tennis player and his results support this belief.He is better than almost all of the people in his tennis club and he wins most of his tennis matches.This agreement between Bob's beliefs and his actual experience would best be considered as an example of Carl Rogers's concept of:

Jerry is a competitive person who is almost always pressed for time.He has a very stressful job and he has very high expectations for himself and others.When things don't go his way,such as when there are mistakes or delays at work,Jerry tends to become very irritated and upset.Jerry would most likely be classified as having a:

Alan knows that no matter what his report card grades are,his parents will love him.He knows he is not always the most thoughtful son,but he has also recognized that his parents love him based not on his behaviour but on who he is.Rogers called this concept:

If you wanted to learn about someone's personality,one simple thing you could do would be to talk to him or her for a while and ask a few questions.Your method of learning about this person's personality is most similar to which type of personality assessment?

Culture and socialization provide people with _______________,which are beliefs and expectations about the appropriate and inappropriate behaviours for males and females.

Sigmund Freud stated that the ____________ mind contained mental material that was currently not in our awareness but could be brought into awareness with relative ease.

The concept of ______________ refers to how positively or negatively we feel about ourselves.A great deal of research on this construct was stimulated by the work of the theorist ___________.

Assume that you have a friend who is interested in setting some personal goals.Given what you have learned about effective goal setting,give four recommendations to your friend and briefly support each of your recommendations.