Question 1

Receptor molecules in synapses

Accepted Answer

A)  tend to concentrate on presynaptic terminals. 
B)  bind irreversibly with neurotransmitter. 
C)  have a high degree of specificity. 
D)  serve as channel proteins. 
E)  can bind to any molecule in the synapse. 
A)  tend to concentrate on presynaptic terminals. 
B)  bind irreversibly with neurotransmitter. 
C)  have a high degree of specificity. 
D)  serve as channel proteins. 
E)  can bind to any molecule in the synapse.

Question 2

A local anesthetic such as Novocaine decreases membrane permeability to Na+ ions. The use of this anesthetic will

Accepted Answer

A)  block sensory input into the CNS. 
B)  enhance the development of EPSPs. 
C)  cause RMP to move closer to threshold. 
D)  cause Cl- ions to enter cells instead of Na+ ions. 
E)  depolarize the cell. 
A)  block sensory input into the CNS. 
B)  enhance the development of EPSPs. 
C)  cause RMP to move closer to threshold. 
D)  cause Cl- ions to enter cells instead of Na+ ions. 
E)  depolarize the cell.

Question 3

Match the neuroglial cell with its function.
-astrocytes

Accepted Answer

A) influence function of blood-brain barrier 
B) macrophages in CNS 
C) produce cerebrospinal fluid 
D) form myelin sheath around axons in CNS 
E) form myelin sheath around part of the axon in the PNS 
A) influence function of blood-brain barrier 
B) macrophages in CNS 
C) produce cerebrospinal fluid 
D) form myelin sheath around axons in CNS 
E) form myelin sheath around part of the axon in the PNS

Question 4

Action potentials are conducted rapidly from one node of Ranvier to the next in a process called ____________ conduction.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Action potentials are conducted rapidly from one...

Question 5

What type of neuroglial cells provide support and nutrition to sensory ganglia in the PNS?

Accepted Answer

A)  Schwann cells 
B)  microglia 
C)  ependymal cells 
D)  satellite cells 
A)  Schwann cells 
B)  microglia 
C)  ependymal cells 
D)  satellite cells

Question 6

In some cells, an afterpotential occurs because

Accepted Answer

A)  the sodium ions continue to enter the cell after depolarization is finished. 
B)  there is prolonged, elevated permeability to potassium during repolarization. 
C)  the sodium-potassium pump is actively exchanging ions across the membrane. 
D)  the extracellular Na+ ion concentration is reduced. 
E)  the permeability to sodium continues longer than necessary. 
A)  the sodium ions continue to enter the cell after depolarization is finished. 
B)  there is prolonged, elevated permeability to potassium during repolarization. 
C)  the sodium-potassium pump is actively exchanging ions across the membrane. 
D)  the extracellular Na+ ion concentration is reduced. 
E)  the permeability to sodium continues longer than necessary.

Question 7

Neurotransmitters

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulate presynaptic terminals. 
B)  remain in the synaptic cleft for long periods of time. 
C)  bind irreversibly to the receptor molecules of the postsynaptic membrane. 
D)  cause the production of action potentials in the postsynaptic membrane. 
E)  do not affect membrane channels in the postsynaptic membrane. 
A)  stimulate presynaptic terminals. 
B)  remain in the synaptic cleft for long periods of time. 
C)  bind irreversibly to the receptor molecules of the postsynaptic membrane. 
D)  cause the production of action potentials in the postsynaptic membrane. 
E)  do not affect membrane channels in the postsynaptic membrane.

Question 8

Match the term with the correct definition.
-Resting Membrane Potential

Accepted Answer

A) a small change in the resting membrane potential confined to a small area 
B) a charge difference across the plasma membrane when the cell is in an unstimulated state 
C) a larger change in resting membrane potential that spreads over entire surface of a cell 
D) membrane becomes more positive when sodium ions diffuse into cell 
E) return to the resting membrane potential 
A) a small change in the resting membrane potential confined to a small area 
B) a charge difference across the plasma membrane when the cell is in an unstimulated state 
C) a larger change in resting membrane potential that spreads over entire surface of a cell 
D) membrane becomes more positive when sodium ions diffuse into cell 
E) return to the resting membrane potential

Question 9

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Unmyelinated axons rest in invaginations of Schwann cells or oligodendrocytes.. 
B)  Myelination will not influence the speed of conduction of action potentials. 
C)  The myelin sheath inhibits the flow of electrical charges at nodes. 
D)  The myelin sheath is a protein wrapping. 
E)  The myelin sheath does not electrically insulate the axons from one another. 
A)  Unmyelinated axons rest in invaginations of Schwann cells or oligodendrocytes.. 
B)  Myelination will not influence the speed of conduction of action potentials. 
C)  The myelin sheath inhibits the flow of electrical charges at nodes. 
D)  The myelin sheath is a protein wrapping. 
E)  The myelin sheath does not electrically insulate the axons from one another.

Question 10

Match the neuroglial cell with its function.
-Schwann cell

Accepted Answer

A) influence function of blood-brain barrier 
B) macrophages in CNS 
C) produce cerebrospinal fluid 
D) form myelin sheath around axons in CNS 
E) form myelin sheath around part of the axon in the PNS 
A) influence function of blood-brain barrier 
B) macrophages in CNS 
C) produce cerebrospinal fluid 
D) form myelin sheath around axons in CNS 
E) form myelin sheath around part of the axon in the PNS

Question 11

Nissl bodies are

Accepted Answer

A)  part of a dendrite. 
B)  also called gemmules. 
C)  lipid droplets. 
D)  areas of rough endoplasmic reticulum. 
E)  part of the Golgi apparatus. 
A)  part of a dendrite. 
B)  also called gemmules. 
C)  lipid droplets. 
D)  areas of rough endoplasmic reticulum. 
E)  part of the Golgi apparatus.

Question 12

Schwann cells differ from oligodendrocytes in which of the following ways?

Accepted Answer

A)  Schwann cells form myelin; oligodendrocytes do not. 
B)  Oligodendrocytes are only found in the PNS; Schwann cells are only found in the CNS. 
C)  Schwann cells form sheaths around several axons, while oligodendrocytes form sheaths around only one axon. 
D)  Schwann cells form a myelin sheath around a portion of only one axon, while oligodendrocytes can surround portions of several axons. 
E)  None of these choices are true differences. 
A)  Schwann cells form myelin; oligodendrocytes do not. 
B)  Oligodendrocytes are only found in the PNS; Schwann cells are only found in the CNS. 
C)  Schwann cells form sheaths around several axons, while oligodendrocytes form sheaths around only one axon. 
D)  Schwann cells form a myelin sheath around a portion of only one axon, while oligodendrocytes can surround portions of several axons. 
E)  None of these choices are true differences.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT true about astrocytes?

Accepted Answer

A)  They can wall off an injury site to prevent spread of inflammation. 
B)  They can prevent toxic substances from entering brain tissue. 
C)  They can release chemicals that promote formation of synapses. 
D)  They can aid in the regeneration of injured neurons. 
A)  They can wall off an injury site to prevent spread of inflammation. 
B)  They can prevent toxic substances from entering brain tissue. 
C)  They can release chemicals that promote formation of synapses. 
D)  They can aid in the regeneration of injured neurons.

Question 14

Neurons in the skin that are responsible for detecting pain are

Accepted Answer

A)  apolar. 
B)  pseudo-unipolar. 
C)  bipolar. 
D)  multipolar. 
A)  apolar. 
B)  pseudo-unipolar. 
C)  bipolar. 
D)  multipolar.

Question 15

-Identify structure "D" on the neuron.

Accepted Answer

A)  Schwann cell 
B)  Node of Ranvier 
C)  neuron cell body (soma) 
D)  dendrites 
E)  axon 
A)  Schwann cell 
B)  Node of Ranvier 
C)  neuron cell body (soma) 
D)  dendrites 
E)  axon

Question 16

The sensory (afferent) division of the peripheral nervous system

Accepted Answer

A)  transmits action potentials to sensory organs. 
B)  conveys action potentials to the CNS. 
C)  stimulates glands to release hormones. 
D)  stimulates muscle contractions. 
E)  does not involve sensory receptors. 
A)  transmits action potentials to sensory organs. 
B)  conveys action potentials to the CNS. 
C)  stimulates glands to release hormones. 
D)  stimulates muscle contractions. 
E)  does not involve sensory receptors.

Question 17

Neurotransmitter is being released at a synapse. Which of the following occurs last?

Accepted Answer

A)  Calcium ions enter the presynaptic terminal. 
B)  Synaptic vesicles release neurotransmitter by exocytosis. 
C)  An action potential is produced in the postsynaptic membrane. 
D)  Neurotransmitter flows rapidly across the synaptic cleft. 
E)  Neurotransmitter binds with the receptor on the postsynaptic membrane. 
A)  Calcium ions enter the presynaptic terminal. 
B)  Synaptic vesicles release neurotransmitter by exocytosis. 
C)  An action potential is produced in the postsynaptic membrane. 
D)  Neurotransmitter flows rapidly across the synaptic cleft. 
E)  Neurotransmitter binds with the receptor on the postsynaptic membrane.

Question 18

Microglia

Accepted Answer

A)  are part of the blood-brain barrier. 
B)  are phagocytic cells in the CNS. 
C)  produce cerebrospinal fluid. 
D)  form myelin sheaths. 
E)  are part of the choroid plexus. 
A)  are part of the blood-brain barrier. 
B)  are phagocytic cells in the CNS. 
C)  produce cerebrospinal fluid. 
D)  form myelin sheaths. 
E)  are part of the choroid plexus.

Question 19

-Identify structure "C" on the neuron.

Accepted Answer

A)  Schwann cell 
B)  Node of Ranvier 
C)  neuron cell body (soma) 
D)  dendrites 
E)  axon 
A)  Schwann cell 
B)  Node of Ranvier 
C)  neuron cell body (soma) 
D)  dendrites 
E)  axon

Question 20

Overproduction of cerebrospinal fluid could be the result of overactivity of the

Accepted Answer

A)  astrocytes. 
B)  microglial cells. 
C)  oligodendrocytes. 
D)  macrophages. 
E)  ependymal cells. 
A)  astrocytes. 
B)  microglial cells. 
C)  oligodendrocytes. 
D)  macrophages. 
E)  ependymal cells.

Exam 11: Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Receptor molecules in synapses

A local anesthetic such as Novocaine decreases membrane permeability to Na+ ions. The use of this anesthetic will

Match the neuroglial cell with its function. -astrocytes

Action potentials are conducted rapidly from one node of Ranvier to the next in a process called ____________ conduction.

What type of neuroglial cells provide support and nutrition to sensory ganglia in the PNS?

In some cells, an afterpotential occurs because

Neurotransmitters

Match the term with the correct definition. -Resting Membrane Potential

Which of the following is true?

Match the neuroglial cell with its function. -Schwann cell

Nissl bodies are

Schwann cells differ from oligodendrocytes in which of the following ways?

Which of the following is NOT true about astrocytes?

Neurons in the skin that are responsible for detecting pain are

-Identify structure "D" on the neuron.

The sensory (afferent) division of the peripheral nervous system

Neurotransmitter is being released at a synapse. Which of the following occurs last?

Microglia

-Identify structure "C" on the neuron.

Overproduction of cerebrospinal fluid could be the result of overactivity of the

The Human Organism

The Chemical Basis of Life

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joints and Movement

Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water, Electrolytes, and Acidbase Balance

Reproductive System

Development, Growth, Aging, and Genetics

Filters