Question 1

Which one of the following terms best illustrates an operational definition?

Accepted Answer

A)  punishment -- harsh or injurious treatment for an offense 
B)  learning -- acquiring knowledge or skill 
C)  thirst -- eighteen hours without access to water 
D)  anxiety -- state of being uneasy, apprehensive or, worried 
A)  punishment -- harsh or injurious treatment for an offense 
B)  learning -- acquiring knowledge or skill 
C)  thirst -- eighteen hours without access to water 
D)  anxiety -- state of being uneasy, apprehensive or, worried

Question 2

Which one of the following is not a major role of a theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  to organize knowledge 
B)  to explain laws 
C)  to predict new laws 
D)  to describe behavior 
A)  to organize knowledge 
B)  to explain laws 
C)  to predict new laws 
D)  to describe behavior

Question 3

Consider the following statement: "If negative emotions cause aggression, and if frustration induces a negative emotion, then frustration must cause aggression." This statement illustrates which one of the following ways of knowing?

Accepted Answer

A)  science 
B)  authority 
C)  common sense 
D)  logic 
A)  science 
B)  authority 
C)  common sense 
D)  logic

Question 4

Which is not a way to judge a good theory? How well it

Accepted Answer

A)  agrees with common sense 
B)  explains existing laws 
C)  predicts new laws 
D)  guides research 
A)  agrees with common sense 
B)  explains existing laws 
C)  predicts new laws 
D)  guides research

Question 5

When we state that science is empirical, we mean

Accepted Answer

A)  That someone we believe told us about it 
B)  That it can be observed directly 
C)  That it is subject to logic 
D)  That we feel it's right in our "guts" 
A)  That someone we believe told us about it 
B)  That it can be observed directly 
C)  That it is subject to logic 
D)  That we feel it's right in our "guts"

Question 6

The last stage of the scientific method fifth step) is

Accepted Answer

A)  Defining the problem 
B)  Collecting data 
C)  Communicating the findings 
D)  Formulating a hypothesis 
A)  Defining the problem 
B)  Collecting data 
C)  Communicating the findings 
D)  Formulating a hypothesis

Question 7

The assumption of rationality means that

Accepted Answer

A)  all events are believed to have causes 
B)  the universe follows the same laws in all times and places 
C)  the universe follows laws that may be understood by way of logical thinking 
D)  the world is not just the way it appears 
A)  all events are believed to have causes 
B)  the universe follows the same laws in all times and places 
C)  the universe follows laws that may be understood by way of logical thinking 
D)  the world is not just the way it appears

Question 8

Consider the question: "What should be the objectives of civics instruction in the senior high school?" Discuss how this question can be formulated into a research problem. Develop a satisfactory statement of the research problem, or provide an argument for why this is not a researchable question.

Accepted Answer

The question "What should be the objecti

Question 9

Which one of the following statements best describes the major limitation of authority as a way of knowing? Authorities

Accepted Answer

A)  do not use logic 
B)  often disagree among themselves 
C)  are typically hypocritical 
D)  rely solely on science 
A)  do not use logic 
B)  often disagree among themselves 
C)  are typically hypocritical 
D)  rely solely on science

Question 10

Which of the following are empirical ways of knowing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Authority and logic 
B)  Intuition and Science 
C)  Authority and Science 
D)  Logic and intuition 
A)  Authority and logic 
B)  Intuition and Science 
C)  Authority and Science 
D)  Logic and intuition

Question 11

The theory of obesity that makes the prediction that there should be situations in which overweight people eat less than average-weight people is

Accepted Answer

A)  Based on common sense 
B)  Counterintuitive 
C)  Nonempirical 
D)  Based on authority 
A)  Based on common sense 
B)  Counterintuitive 
C)  Nonempirical 
D)  Based on authority

Question 12

Accepting the information in an instructor's lecture without examining the book or asking about the source of the ideas is an example of which way of knowing about behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  Authority 
B)  Intuition 
C)  Science 
D)  Logic 
A)  Authority 
B)  Intuition 
C)  Science 
D)  Logic

Question 13

A major problem with common sense as a way of knowing is

Accepted Answer

A)  It cannot predict new knowledge 
B)  It is not based on authority 
C)  It is a nonempirical method of knowing 
D)  There is no problem with common sense 
A)  It cannot predict new knowledge 
B)  It is not based on authority 
C)  It is a nonempirical method of knowing 
D)  There is no problem with common sense

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT true of theories?

Accepted Answer

A)  Explain currently known facts. 
B)  Rarely change once formulated. 
C)  Generate new knowledge. 
D)  Explain laws 
A)  Explain currently known facts. 
B)  Rarely change once formulated. 
C)  Generate new knowledge. 
D)  Explain laws

Question 15

The statement, "Interviewers rate job applicants more favorably when they wear a nice suit than when they wear casual clothes" is an example of a:

Accepted Answer

A)  Theory of behavior 
B)  Hypothesis 
C)  Explanation of behavior 
D)  Law 
A)  Theory of behavior 
B)  Hypothesis 
C)  Explanation of behavior 
D)  Law

Question 16

The assumption of regularity refers to the notion that

Accepted Answer

A)  events in the world, including behavior, are lawful and orderly 
B)  reasoning is the basis for solving all problems 
C)  all events occur as a result of preceding events 
D)  it is impossible to discover solutions to complex problems 
A)  events in the world, including behavior, are lawful and orderly 
B)  reasoning is the basis for solving all problems 
C)  all events occur as a result of preceding events 
D)  it is impossible to discover solutions to complex problems

Question 17

The statement, "My textbook states that frustration causes aggression," illustrates which one of the following ways of knowing?

Accepted Answer

A)  authority 
B)  common sense 
C)  science 
D)  logic 
A)  authority 
B)  common sense 
C)  science 
D)  logic

Question 18

Consider the following partial hypothesis: If frustration causes aggression, then.... Which one of the following completes the statement by providing the best operational definition for the two concepts in bold?

Accepted Answer

A)  Preschool children who are prevented from playing with a favorite toy will display aggressive behavior. 
B)  Preschool children who become frustrated will hit other children. 
C)  Preschool children who are prevented from playing with a favorite toy will hit other children. 
D)  Frustration among children leads to aggressive behavior. 
A)  Preschool children who are prevented from playing with a favorite toy will display aggressive behavior. 
B)  Preschool children who become frustrated will hit other children. 
C)  Preschool children who are prevented from playing with a favorite toy will hit other children. 
D)  Frustration among children leads to aggressive behavior.

Question 19

The suggestion to take an aspirin to relieve a headache would be considered_________ while ___________ would be concerned with the reason that the aspirin works.

Accepted Answer

A)  Science, technology 
B)  Technology, science 
C)  Parsimonious, excessive 
D)  Law, theory 
A)  Science, technology 
B)  Technology, science 
C)  Parsimonious, excessive 
D)  Law, theory

Question 20

Mr. Manear, a high school literature teacher, noticed that his students always did better on tests if he had given them study questions the day before than if he had not. "Aha," he said, "giving study questions facilitates student learning." Mr. Manear had discovered a

Accepted Answer

A)  theory 
B)  hypothesis 
C)  concept 
D)  law 
A)  theory 
B)  hypothesis 
C)  concept 
D)  law

Which one of the following terms best illustrates an operational definition?

Which one of the following is not a major role of a theory?

Consider the following statement: "If negative emotions cause aggression, and if frustration induces a negative emotion, then frustration must cause aggression." This statement illustrates which one of the following ways of knowing?

Which is not a way to judge a good theory? How well it

When we state that science is empirical, we mean

The last stage of the scientific method fifth step) is

The assumption of rationality means that

Consider the question: "What should be the objectives of civics instruction in the senior high school?" Discuss how this question can be formulated into a research problem. Develop a satisfactory statement of the research problem, or provide an argument for why this is not a researchable question.

Which one of the following statements best describes the major limitation of authority as a way of knowing? Authorities

Which of the following are empirical ways of knowing?

The theory of obesity that makes the prediction that there should be situations in which overweight people eat less than average-weight people is

Accepting the information in an instructor's lecture without examining the book or asking about the source of the ideas is an example of which way of knowing about behavior?

A major problem with common sense as a way of knowing is

Which of the following is NOT true of theories?

The statement, "Interviewers rate job applicants more favorably when they wear a nice suit than when they wear casual clothes" is an example of a:

The assumption of regularity refers to the notion that

The statement, "My textbook states that frustration causes aggression," illustrates which one of the following ways of knowing?

Consider the following partial hypothesis: If frustration causes aggression, then.... Which one of the following completes the statement by providing the best operational definition for the two concepts in bold?

The suggestion to take an aspirin to relieve a headache would be considered_ while ___ would be concerned with the reason that the aspirin works.

Mr. Manear, a high school literature teacher, noticed that his students always did better on tests if he had given them study questions the day before than if he had not. "Aha," he said, "giving study questions facilitates student learning." Mr. Manear had discovered a

Developing a Research Question

Ethics in Research

Writing in Psychology

Variables

Validity

Control

Nonexperimental Research, Part I: Observational,

Nonexperimental Research, Part Ii

True Experiments, Part 1 Single-Factor Designs

True Experiments, Part 2 Factorial Designs

Single Subject Experiments

Quasi Experiments

Data Exploration, Part 1: Graphic and Descriptive Techniques

Data Exploration, Part 2: Inferential Statistics

Epilogue Biases and Limitations of Experimental Psychology

Filters

Exam 1: Psychology and Science

Which one of the following terms best illustrates an operational definition?

Which one of the following is not a major role of a theory?

Consider the following statement: "If negative emotions cause aggression, and if frustration induces a negative emotion, then frustration must cause aggression." This statement illustrates which one of the following ways of knowing?

Which is not a way to judge a good theory? How well it

When we state that science is empirical, we mean

The last stage of the scientific method fifth step) is

The assumption of rationality means that

Consider the question: "What should be the objectives of civics instruction in the senior high school?" Discuss how this question can be formulated into a research problem. Develop a satisfactory statement of the research problem, or provide an argument for why this is not a researchable question.

Which one of the following statements best describes the major limitation of authority as a way of knowing? Authorities

Which of the following are empirical ways of knowing?

The theory of obesity that makes the prediction that there should be situations in which overweight people eat less than average-weight people is

Accepting the information in an instructor's lecture without examining the book or asking about the source of the ideas is an example of which way of knowing about behavior?

A major problem with common sense as a way of knowing is

Which of the following is NOT true of theories?

The statement, "Interviewers rate job applicants more favorably when they wear a nice suit than when they wear casual clothes" is an example of a:

The assumption of regularity refers to the notion that

The statement, "My textbook states that frustration causes aggression," illustrates which one of the following ways of knowing?

Consider the following partial hypothesis: If frustration causes aggression, then.... Which one of the following completes the statement by providing the best operational definition for the two concepts in bold?

The suggestion to take an aspirin to relieve a headache would be considered_________ while ___________ would be concerned with the reason that the aspirin works.

Mr. Manear, a high school literature teacher, noticed that his students always did better on tests if he had given them study questions the day before than if he had not. "Aha," he said, "giving study questions facilitates student learning." Mr. Manear had discovered a

Developing a Research Question

Ethics in Research

Writing in Psychology

Variables

Validity

Control

Nonexperimental Research, Part I: Observational,

Nonexperimental Research, Part Ii

True Experiments, Part 1 Single-Factor Designs

True Experiments, Part 2 Factorial Designs

Single Subject Experiments

Quasi Experiments

Data Exploration, Part 1: Graphic and Descriptive Techniques

Data Exploration, Part 2: Inferential Statistics

Epilogue Biases and Limitations of Experimental Psychology

Filters

The suggestion to take an aspirin to relieve a headache would be considered_ while ___ would be concerned with the reason that the aspirin works.