Question 1

Which of the following is a reason to conduct nonexperimental research?

Accepted Answer

A)  The researcher is interested in thinking. 
B)  The researcher wants to maximize the internal validity of the study. 
C)  The researcher wants to avoid carryover effects. 
D)  It would be unethical to manipulate the independent variable. 
A)  The researcher is interested in thinking. 
B)  The researcher wants to maximize the internal validity of the study. 
C)  The researcher wants to avoid carryover effects. 
D)  It would be unethical to manipulate the independent variable.

Question 2

Correlational studies have good internal validity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Which of the following is most likely to be studied using a correlational study?

Accepted Answer

A)  the effect of study strategy on recall 
B)  the effect of traumatic childhood experiences on adult depression 
C)  the effect of noise level on mental concentration 
D)  the effect of wearing glasses on how attractive people are perceived to be 
A)  the effect of study strategy on recall 
B)  the effect of traumatic childhood experiences on adult depression 
C)  the effect of noise level on mental concentration 
D)  the effect of wearing glasses on how attractive people are perceived to be

Question 4

Archival data would be least likely to be used in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  an experiment 
B)  a correlational study 
C)  a qualitative study 
D)  a single-variable study 
A)  an experiment 
B)  a correlational study 
C)  a qualitative study 
D)  a single-variable study

Question 5

Which researcher is most likely to engage in content analysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dr. Williams studies transcripts of police interviews with suspects. 
B)  Dr. Ramirez studies mathematics competence. 
C)  Dr. McKenzie studies relationships among various personality traits. 
D)  Dr. Perryman studies children's social skills. 
A)  Dr. Williams studies transcripts of police interviews with suspects. 
B)  Dr. Ramirez studies mathematics competence. 
C)  Dr. McKenzie studies relationships among various personality traits. 
D)  Dr. Perryman studies children's social skills.

Question 6

Imagine that a researcher uses a pretest-posttest design to test the effectiveness of losing 10 pounds on people's number of depressive symptoms. Explain the problems with this approach.

Accepted Answer

Participants' number

Question 7

Nonexperimental research is appropriate when the independent variable cannot be manipulated.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

What is the defining feature of nonexperimental research?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is about personality and individual differences. 
B)  It lacks the manipulation of an independent variable, random assignment, or both. 
C)  It involves only one variable. 
D)  It has high external validity. 
A)  It is about personality and individual differences. 
B)  It lacks the manipulation of an independent variable, random assignment, or both. 
C)  It involves only one variable. 
D)  It has high external validity.

Question 9

Correlational research is about a single variable.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Correlational research must be about the relationship between two quantitative variables.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The pretest-posttest design is an excellent way to evaluate the effectiveness of a new form of psychotherapy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

In correlational research, the independent variable is not manipulated.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Imagine a study in which men and women are compared in terms of their level of aggression. What kind of study is this?

Accepted Answer

A)  experimental 
B)  correlational 
C)  quasi-experimental 
D)  qualitative 
A)  experimental 
B)  correlational 
C)  quasi-experimental 
D)  qualitative

Question 14

Qualitative research is meant to provide precise answers to specific questions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Single-variable research cannot answer questions about relationships between variables.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which of the following generally has the highest internal validity?

Accepted Answer

A)  experiments 
B)  quasi-experiments 
C)  correlational studies 
D)  qualitative studies 
A)  experiments 
B)  quasi-experiments 
C)  correlational studies 
D)  qualitative studies

Question 17

Which of the following is a type of nonexperimental research?

Accepted Answer

A)  qualitative studies 
B)  correlational studies 
C)  quasi-experiments 
D)  all of the above 
A)  qualitative studies 
B)  correlational studies 
C)  quasi-experiments 
D)  all of the above

Question 18

A researcher conducts a study on the relationship between caffeine consumption and performance on a math test. What kind of study is this?

Accepted Answer

A)  experimental 
B)  correlational 
C)  quasi-experimental 
D)  There is not enough information here to tell for sure. 
A)  experimental 
B)  correlational 
C)  quasi-experimental 
D)  There is not enough information here to tell for sure.

Question 19

Coding of participant behaviors is generally an important part of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  archival data collection 
B)  sport psychology 
C)  quasi-experimental research 
D)  naturalistic observation 
A)  archival data collection 
B)  sport psychology 
C)  quasi-experimental research 
D)  naturalistic observation

Question 20

Imagine a study comparing psychology majors to chemistry majors in terms of their social skills. Would this study be experimental, correlational, quasi-experimental, or qualitative? Explain why.

Accepted Answer

This study is correl

Which of the following is a reason to conduct nonexperimental research?

Correlational studies have good internal validity.

Which of the following is most likely to be studied using a correlational study?

Archival data would be least likely to be used in which of the following?

Which researcher is most likely to engage in content analysis?

Imagine that a researcher uses a pretest-posttest design to test the effectiveness of losing 10 pounds on people's number of depressive symptoms. Explain the problems with this approach.

Nonexperimental research is appropriate when the independent variable cannot be manipulated.

What is the defining feature of nonexperimental research?

Correlational research is about a single variable.

Correlational research must be about the relationship between two quantitative variables.

The pretest-posttest design is an excellent way to evaluate the effectiveness of a new form of psychotherapy.

In correlational research, the independent variable is not manipulated.

Imagine a study in which men and women are compared in terms of their level of aggression. What kind of study is this?

Qualitative research is meant to provide precise answers to specific questions.

Single-variable research cannot answer questions about relationships between variables.

Which of the following generally has the highest internal validity?

Which of the following is a type of nonexperimental research?

A researcher conducts a study on the relationship between caffeine consumption and performance on a math test. What kind of study is this?

Coding of participant behaviors is generally an important part of which of the following?

Imagine a study comparing psychology majors to chemistry majors in terms of their social skills. Would this study be experimental, correlational, quasi-experimental, or qualitative? Explain why.

The Science of Psychology

Getting Started in Research

Research Ethics

Theory in Psychology

Psychological Measurement

Experimental Research

Complex Research Designs

Survey Research

Single-Subject Research

Presenting Your Research

Descriptive Statistics

Inferential Statistics

Filters

Exam 7: Nonexperimental Research

Which of the following is a reason to conduct nonexperimental research?

Correlational studies have good internal validity.

Which of the following is most likely to be studied using a correlational study?

Archival data would be least likely to be used in which of the following?

Which researcher is most likely to engage in content analysis?

Imagine that a researcher uses a pretest-posttest design to test the effectiveness of losing 10 pounds on people's number of depressive symptoms. Explain the problems with this approach.

Nonexperimental research is appropriate when the independent variable cannot be manipulated.

What is the defining feature of nonexperimental research?

Correlational research is about a single variable.

Correlational research must be about the relationship between two quantitative variables.

The pretest-posttest design is an excellent way to evaluate the effectiveness of a new form of psychotherapy.

In correlational research, the independent variable is not manipulated.

Imagine a study in which men and women are compared in terms of their level of aggression. What kind of study is this?

Qualitative research is meant to provide precise answers to specific questions.

Single-variable research cannot answer questions about relationships between variables.

Which of the following generally has the highest internal validity?

Which of the following is a type of nonexperimental research?

A researcher conducts a study on the relationship between caffeine consumption and performance on a math test. What kind of study is this?

Coding of participant behaviors is generally an important part of which of the following?

Imagine a study comparing psychology majors to chemistry majors in terms of their social skills. Would this study be experimental, correlational, quasi-experimental, or qualitative? Explain why.

The Science of Psychology

Getting Started in Research

Research Ethics

Theory in Psychology

Psychological Measurement

Experimental Research

Complex Research Designs

Survey Research

Single-Subject Research

Presenting Your Research

Descriptive Statistics

Inferential Statistics

Filters