Question 1

Which of these could be a cause of hypertrophy of the adrenal cortex?

Accepted Answer

A) autoimmune destruction of receptors for adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) 
B) autoimmune destruction of hypothalamic cells that secrete cortotropin-releasing hormone 
C) injection of an excess of cortisol 
D) destruction of the anterior pituitary by a stroke 
E) excessively rapid clearance of cortisol from the circulation 
A) autoimmune destruction of receptors for adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) 
B) autoimmune destruction of hypothalamic cells that secrete cortotropin-releasing hormone 
C) injection of an excess of cortisol 
D) destruction of the anterior pituitary by a stroke 
E) excessively rapid clearance of cortisol from the circulation E

Question 2

A child's growth would be stunted by thyroid hormone deficiency.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

Depressed levels of thyroid hormones in blood resulting from a defect in the cells that secrete TSH is an example of primary hyposecretion of thyroid hormones.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

The adrenal cortex secretes androgens.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

A hypothalamic tumor that secretes large amounts of somatostatin may cause dwarfism in a young child.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

A patient appears in a clinic complaining of irritiability and chronic sweatiness.He also has a lump in his neck near his larynx.Blood tests show he has low levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)in his plasma.Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

A) primary hypothyroidism 
B) an iodine insufficient diet 
C) secondary hypothyroidism 
D) hyposecretion of TRH 
E) Graves' disease 
A) primary hypothyroidism 
B) an iodine insufficient diet 
C) secondary hypothyroidism 
D) hyposecretion of TRH 
E) Graves' disease

Question 7

At what time in the lifespan is growth hormone secretion rate highest?

Accepted Answer

A)  in utero 
B) during childhood 
C) during adolescence 
D) during adulthood 
E) during senescence 
A)  in utero 
B) during childhood 
C) during adolescence 
D) during adulthood 
E) during senescence

Question 8

What term describes hormones secreted by the hypothalamus that regulate the secretion of hormones from the anterior pituitary gland?

Accepted Answer

A) growth factors 
B) paracrine factors 
C) hypophysiotropic hormones 
D) metabotropic releasing factors 
E) cerebrovitalistic hormones 
A) growth factors 
B) paracrine factors 
C) hypophysiotropic hormones 
D) metabotropic releasing factors 
E) cerebrovitalistic hormones

Question 9

Growth hormone secretion is stimulated by exercise.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which of the following statements about hormones is correct?

Accepted Answer

A) Anterior pituitary hormones are synthesized in the hypothalamus. 
B) All hormones secreted by the anterior and posterior pituitary glands are peptides. 
C) IGF-1 stimulates growth by increasing growth hormone secretion through positive feedback. 
D) All of the hypophysiotropic hormones are peptides. 
E) Only steroid hormones can regulate the secretion of steroid hormones. 
A) Anterior pituitary hormones are synthesized in the hypothalamus. 
B) All hormones secreted by the anterior and posterior pituitary glands are peptides. 
C) IGF-1 stimulates growth by increasing growth hormone secretion through positive feedback. 
D) All of the hypophysiotropic hormones are peptides. 
E) Only steroid hormones can regulate the secretion of steroid hormones.

Question 11

Which is part of the endocrine reponse to stress?

Accepted Answer

A) increased secretion of corticotropin from the anterior pituitary 
B) increased secretion of corticotropin from the hypothalamus 
C) increases secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)from the hypothalamus 
D) negative feedback to the adrenal cortex by adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) 
E) decreased secretion of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)by the hypothalamus 
A) increased secretion of corticotropin from the anterior pituitary 
B) increased secretion of corticotropin from the hypothalamus 
C) increases secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)from the hypothalamus 
D) negative feedback to the adrenal cortex by adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) 
E) decreased secretion of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)by the hypothalamus

Question 12

A patient goes to her doctor,complaining of fatigue,weight gain,and intolerance to cold.She also has a noticeable in her neck.Which of the following is a most likely diagnosis and cause?

Accepted Answer

A) She has hypothyroidism,possibly due to destruction of thyrotrope cells of her anterior pituitary gland. 
B) She has hyperthyroidism,possible due to Graves' disease. 
C) She has hypothyroidism,possibly due to low iodine in her diet. 
D) She has hyperthyroidism,possible due to a hypersecreting tumor of the anterior pituitary gland. 
A) She has hypothyroidism,possibly due to destruction of thyrotrope cells of her anterior pituitary gland. 
B) She has hyperthyroidism,possible due to Graves' disease. 
C) She has hypothyroidism,possibly due to low iodine in her diet. 
D) She has hyperthyroidism,possible due to a hypersecreting tumor of the anterior pituitary gland.

Question 13

Which is a result of an absence of thyroid hormones during fetal development?

Accepted Answer

A) acromegaly 
B) Cushing's syndrome 
C)  congenital hypothyroidism (cretinism) 
D) Graves' disease 
E) Addison's disease 
A) acromegaly 
B) Cushing's syndrome 
C)  congenital hypothyroidism (cretinism) 
D) Graves' disease 
E) Addison's disease

Question 14

Which correctly lists a function of estrogen in females and testosterone in males?

Accepted Answer

A) They prevent the pubertal growth spurt. 
B) They are responsible for epiphyseal plate closure. 
C) They stimulate the secretion of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH). 
D) They stimulate the secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH). 
E) They stimulate the reabsorption of bone. 
A) They prevent the pubertal growth spurt. 
B) They are responsible for epiphyseal plate closure. 
C) They stimulate the secretion of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH). 
D) They stimulate the secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH). 
E) They stimulate the reabsorption of bone.

Question 15

A general name for a hormone that regulates mineral ion homeostasis is "tropic hormone."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The mechanism of action of lipid-soluble hormones is generally via the stimulation or inhibition of specific DNA-dependent protein synthesis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Insulin is important for growth both before and after birth.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which is an example of long-loop negative feedback?

Accepted Answer

A) stimulation of dopamine release by prolactin 
B) inhibition of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)release by growth hormone (GH) 
C) inhibition of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)release by insulin-like growth factor-1 
D) inhibition of corticotropin-releasing hormone by adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) 
E) stimulation of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)release by thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) 
A) stimulation of dopamine release by prolactin 
B) inhibition of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)release by growth hormone (GH) 
C) inhibition of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)release by insulin-like growth factor-1 
D) inhibition of corticotropin-releasing hormone by adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) 
E) stimulation of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)release by thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)

Question 19

Which of the following statements about hormone synthesis is not correct?

Accepted Answer

A) Progesterone is a precursor of cortisol. 
B) Progesterone is a precursor of mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid hormones. 
C) Progesterone is a precursor for all steroid hormones. 
D) Tryptophan is a precursor for thyroid hormones. 
E) Amine hormones are long polymers of amino acids. 
A) Progesterone is a precursor of cortisol. 
B) Progesterone is a precursor of mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid hormones. 
C) Progesterone is a precursor for all steroid hormones. 
D) Tryptophan is a precursor for thyroid hormones. 
E) Amine hormones are long polymers of amino acids.

Question 20

Stimuli for the secretion of hormones include changes in plasma concentrations of ions,nutrients,and other hormones.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Which of these could be a cause of hypertrophy of the adrenal cortex?

A child's growth would be stunted by thyroid hormone deficiency.

Depressed levels of thyroid hormones in blood resulting from a defect in the cells that secrete TSH is an example of primary hyposecretion of thyroid hormones.

The adrenal cortex secretes androgens.

A hypothalamic tumor that secretes large amounts of somatostatin may cause dwarfism in a young child.

A patient appears in a clinic complaining of irritiability and chronic sweatiness.He also has a lump in his neck near his larynx.Blood tests show he has low levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)in his plasma.Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

At what time in the lifespan is growth hormone secretion rate highest?

What term describes hormones secreted by the hypothalamus that regulate the secretion of hormones from the anterior pituitary gland?

Growth hormone secretion is stimulated by exercise.

Which of the following statements about hormones is correct?

Which is part of the endocrine reponse to stress?

A patient goes to her doctor,complaining of fatigue,weight gain,and intolerance to cold.She also has a noticeable in her neck.Which of the following is a most likely diagnosis and cause?

Which is a result of an absence of thyroid hormones during fetal development?

Which correctly lists a function of estrogen in females and testosterone in males?

A general name for a hormone that regulates mineral ion homeostasis is "tropic hormone."

The mechanism of action of lipid-soluble hormones is generally via the stimulation or inhibition of specific DNA-dependent protein synthesis.

Insulin is important for growth both before and after birth.

Which is an example of long-loop negative feedback?

Which of the following statements about hormone synthesis is not correct?

Stimuli for the secretion of hormones include changes in plasma concentrations of ions,nutrients,and other hormones.

Homeostasis: a Framework for Human Physiology

Chemical Composition of the Body

Cellular Structure, Proteins, and Metabolism

Movement of Molecules Across Cell Membranes

Control of Cells by Chemical Messengers

Neuronal Signaling and the Structure of the Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Consciousness, the Brain, and Behavior

Muscle

Control of Body Movement

Cardiovascular Physiology

Respiratory Physiology

The Kidneys and Regulation of Water and Inorganic Ions

The Digestion and Absorption of Food

Regulation of Organic Metabolism and Energy Balance

Reproduction

Defense Mechanisms of the Body

Medical Physiology: Integration Using Clinical Cases

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Exam 11: The Endocrine System

Which of these could be a cause of hypertrophy of the adrenal cortex?

A child's growth would be stunted by thyroid hormone deficiency.

Depressed levels of thyroid hormones in blood resulting from a defect in the cells that secrete TSH is an example of primary hyposecretion of thyroid hormones.

The adrenal cortex secretes androgens.

A hypothalamic tumor that secretes large amounts of somatostatin may cause dwarfism in a young child.

A patient appears in a clinic complaining of irritiability and chronic sweatiness.He also has a lump in his neck near his larynx.Blood tests show he has low levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)in his plasma.Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

At what time in the lifespan is growth hormone secretion rate highest?

What term describes hormones secreted by the hypothalamus that regulate the secretion of hormones from the anterior pituitary gland?

Growth hormone secretion is stimulated by exercise.

Which of the following statements about hormones is correct?

Which is part of the endocrine reponse to stress?

A patient goes to her doctor,complaining of fatigue,weight gain,and intolerance to cold.She also has a noticeable in her neck.Which of the following is a most likely diagnosis and cause?

Which is a result of an absence of thyroid hormones during fetal development?

Which correctly lists a function of estrogen in females and testosterone in males?

A general name for a hormone that regulates mineral ion homeostasis is "tropic hormone."

The mechanism of action of lipid-soluble hormones is generally via the stimulation or inhibition of specific DNA-dependent protein synthesis.

Insulin is important for growth both before and after birth.

Which is an example of long-loop negative feedback?

Which of the following statements about hormone synthesis is not correct?

Stimuli for the secretion of hormones include changes in plasma concentrations of ions,nutrients,and other hormones.

Homeostasis: a Framework for Human Physiology

Chemical Composition of the Body

Cellular Structure, Proteins, and Metabolism

Movement of Molecules Across Cell Membranes

Control of Cells by Chemical Messengers

Neuronal Signaling and the Structure of the Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Consciousness, the Brain, and Behavior

Muscle

Control of Body Movement

Cardiovascular Physiology

Respiratory Physiology

The Kidneys and Regulation of Water and Inorganic Ions

The Digestion and Absorption of Food

Regulation of Organic Metabolism and Energy Balance

Reproduction

Defense Mechanisms of the Body

Medical Physiology: Integration Using Clinical Cases

Filters