Question 1

Which of the following statements about the Na+-K+ ATPase pump is false?

Accepted Answer

A) It transports Na+ out of cells and K+ into cells. 
B) It binds to,and hydrolyzes,ATP. 
C) It is constantly active in all cells. 
D) Its activity requires the expenditure of metabolic energy. 
E) It transports Na+ and K+ in a 1:1 ratio. 
A) It transports Na+ out of cells and K+ into cells. 
B) It binds to,and hydrolyzes,ATP. 
C) It is constantly active in all cells. 
D) Its activity requires the expenditure of metabolic energy. 
E) It transports Na+ and K+ in a 1:1 ratio.

Question 2

The concentration of calcium in the cytosol of most resting cells is very much lower than the concentration of extracellular calcium.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Which of the following would decrease the net flux of a penetrating solute into a cell?

Accepted Answer

A) increasing the permeability constant for that solute 
B) decreasing the temperature 
C) increasing the concentration of the solute in the extracellular fluid 
D) increasing the area of the cell membrane 
E) decreasing the thickness of the membrane 
A) increasing the permeability constant for that solute 
B) decreasing the temperature 
C) increasing the concentration of the solute in the extracellular fluid 
D) increasing the area of the cell membrane 
E) decreasing the thickness of the membrane

Question 4

Which form of endocytosis is nonspecific,in that it occurs by the formation of an invagination of the plasma membrane,which then fills with interstitial fluid of the immediate area?

Accepted Answer

A) active transport 
B) hyperosmotic vesicular entrapment 
C) phagocytosis 
D) pinocytosis 
E) hydrosmosis 
A) active transport 
B) hyperosmotic vesicular entrapment 
C) phagocytosis 
D) pinocytosis 
E) hydrosmosis

Question 5

In the body,K+ ions behave as if they are penetrating solutes because they are actively transported into cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

In most of the cells in the body there is an electrical difference such that the inside of cells is positive with respect to the outside.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which of the following statements about epithelial cells and epithelial transport is NOT correct?

Accepted Answer

A) Epithelial cell membranes express different transport proteins on different cell surfaces. 
B) Epithelial cells lining the small intestine have Na,K-ATPase pumps only in their basolateral membranes. 
C)  The plasma membrane of epithelial cells that faces the inside of a hollow or fluid-filled chamber in the body is called the basolateral membrane. 
D) The pathway taken by substances that flow between epithelial cells is called the paracellular pathway. 
E) When substances cross epithelial barriers by going through the cell membranes and cytosol,it is called the transcellular pathway. 
A) Epithelial cell membranes express different transport proteins on different cell surfaces. 
B) Epithelial cells lining the small intestine have Na,K-ATPase pumps only in their basolateral membranes. 
C)  The plasma membrane of epithelial cells that faces the inside of a hollow or fluid-filled chamber in the body is called the basolateral membrane. 
D) The pathway taken by substances that flow between epithelial cells is called the paracellular pathway. 
E) When substances cross epithelial barriers by going through the cell membranes and cytosol,it is called the transcellular pathway.

Question 8

Why do solutions for injection or infusion into people with low blood volume normally contain 150 mM NaCl?

Accepted Answer

A) This is a hypotonic solution,which will cause water movement into dehydrated blood cells. 
B) This is an isotonic solution,and the water in it will follow Na and Cl into the the intracellular fluid compartment. 
C) This is a hypertonic solution,which will raise the blood volume and pressure more rapidly than an isotonic solution would. 
D) This is an isotonic solution,and NaCl will keep the added volume in the extracellular fluid compartment. 
E) NaCl are penetrating solutes,which will get them more quickly into blood cells to increase their volume. 
A) This is a hypotonic solution,which will cause water movement into dehydrated blood cells. 
B) This is an isotonic solution,and the water in it will follow Na and Cl into the the intracellular fluid compartment. 
C) This is a hypertonic solution,which will raise the blood volume and pressure more rapidly than an isotonic solution would. 
D) This is an isotonic solution,and NaCl will keep the added volume in the extracellular fluid compartment. 
E) NaCl are penetrating solutes,which will get them more quickly into blood cells to increase their volume.

Question 9

Phagocytic leukocytes use phagocytosis to engulf foreign bacteria and destroy them within ribosomes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

What type of cellular transport involves the cytosolic protein clathrin?

Accepted Answer

A) exocytosis 
B) receptor-mediated endocytosis 
C) primary active transport 
D) secondary active transport 
E) pinocytosis 
A) exocytosis 
B) receptor-mediated endocytosis 
C) primary active transport 
D) secondary active transport 
E) pinocytosis

Question 11

Regarding the tonicity and osmolarity of solutions,which of the following statements is not true?

Accepted Answer

A) The term "tonicity" refers to the effect that a solution has on the degree of stretch or shrinking of the cell membrane. 
B) The term "osmolarity" refers to the osmotic properties of a solution,regardless of its tonicity. 
C) Isotonic solutions are always isoosmotic. 
D) Hypoosmotic solutions are always hypotonic. 
E) Hypertonic solutions are always hyperosmotic. 
A) The term "tonicity" refers to the effect that a solution has on the degree of stretch or shrinking of the cell membrane. 
B) The term "osmolarity" refers to the osmotic properties of a solution,regardless of its tonicity. 
C) Isotonic solutions are always isoosmotic. 
D) Hypoosmotic solutions are always hypotonic. 
E) Hypertonic solutions are always hyperosmotic.

Question 12

The intracellular concentration of water in the cells of the body is normally the same as the extracellular concentration of water.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Molecules increase their rate of diffusion as temperature increases.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Both primary and secondary active transport require the expenditure of metabolic energy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

All other factors being equal,the rate of diffusion across a permeable surface will be greater for small molecules than for larger ones.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which is TRUE regarding diffusion?

Accepted Answer

A) It depends upon the random motion of molecules. 
B) It results in net movement of molecules from regions of low concentration to regions of high concentration. 
C) It is the principle mechanism by which molecules are moved over large distances in the body. 
D) It requires energy in the form of ATP. 
E) It requires integral membrane proteins to occur. 
A) It depends upon the random motion of molecules. 
B) It results in net movement of molecules from regions of low concentration to regions of high concentration. 
C) It is the principle mechanism by which molecules are moved over large distances in the body. 
D) It requires energy in the form of ATP. 
E) It requires integral membrane proteins to occur.

Question 17

Which is true about mediated transport of substances across cell membranes?

Accepted Answer

A) It involves a specific membrane protein that functions as a carrier molecule. 
B) It always involves the movement of substances against a concentration gradient. 
C) It is always directly coupled to the splitting of ATP molecules. 
D) There is no limit to how fast it can occur as the concentration gradient becomes larger. 
E) It is the main mechanism for transporting hydrophobic molecules across membranes. 
A) It involves a specific membrane protein that functions as a carrier molecule. 
B) It always involves the movement of substances against a concentration gradient. 
C) It is always directly coupled to the splitting of ATP molecules. 
D) There is no limit to how fast it can occur as the concentration gradient becomes larger. 
E) It is the main mechanism for transporting hydrophobic molecules across membranes.

Question 18

The Na+/K+-ATPase carrier transports sodium ions out of cells and potassium ions into cells on a one-to-one basis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Once formed inside of the cell,most endocytic vesicles will fuse with which organelle for sorting?

Accepted Answer

A) endoplasmic reticulum 
B) golgi apparatus 
C) endosome 
D) nucleus 
E) mitochondria 
A) endoplasmic reticulum 
B) golgi apparatus 
C) endosome 
D) nucleus 
E) mitochondria

Question 20

If a normal cell is placed into an unknown solution and it shrinks,what can be concluded about the unknown solution?

Accepted Answer

A) Its nonpenetrating solute concentration is greater than that of a normal cell. 
B) Its nonpenetrating solute concentration is less than that of a normal cell. 
C) Its nonpenetrating solute concentration is equal to that of a normal cell. 
D) Its penetrating solute concentration is less than that of a normal cell. 
E) Its penetrating solute concentration is greater than that of a normal cell. 
A) Its nonpenetrating solute concentration is greater than that of a normal cell. 
B) Its nonpenetrating solute concentration is less than that of a normal cell. 
C) Its nonpenetrating solute concentration is equal to that of a normal cell. 
D) Its penetrating solute concentration is less than that of a normal cell. 
E) Its penetrating solute concentration is greater than that of a normal cell.

Which of the following statements about the Na+-K+ ATPase pump is false?

The concentration of calcium in the cytosol of most resting cells is very much lower than the concentration of extracellular calcium.

Which of the following would decrease the net flux of a penetrating solute into a cell?

Which form of endocytosis is nonspecific,in that it occurs by the formation of an invagination of the plasma membrane,which then fills with interstitial fluid of the immediate area?

In the body,K+ ions behave as if they are penetrating solutes because they are actively transported into cells.

In most of the cells in the body there is an electrical difference such that the inside of cells is positive with respect to the outside.

Which of the following statements about epithelial cells and epithelial transport is NOT correct?

Why do solutions for injection or infusion into people with low blood volume normally contain 150 mM NaCl?

Phagocytic leukocytes use phagocytosis to engulf foreign bacteria and destroy them within ribosomes.

What type of cellular transport involves the cytosolic protein clathrin?

Regarding the tonicity and osmolarity of solutions,which of the following statements is not true?

The intracellular concentration of water in the cells of the body is normally the same as the extracellular concentration of water.

Molecules increase their rate of diffusion as temperature increases.

Both primary and secondary active transport require the expenditure of metabolic energy.

All other factors being equal,the rate of diffusion across a permeable surface will be greater for small molecules than for larger ones.

Which is TRUE regarding diffusion?

Which is true about mediated transport of substances across cell membranes?

The Na+/K+-ATPase carrier transports sodium ions out of cells and potassium ions into cells on a one-to-one basis.

Once formed inside of the cell,most endocytic vesicles will fuse with which organelle for sorting?

If a normal cell is placed into an unknown solution and it shrinks,what can be concluded about the unknown solution?

Homeostasis: a Framework for Human Physiology

Chemical Composition of the Body

Cellular Structure, Proteins, and Metabolism

Control of Cells by Chemical Messengers

Neuronal Signaling and the Structure of the Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Consciousness, the Brain, and Behavior

Muscle

Control of Body Movement

The Endocrine System

Cardiovascular Physiology

Respiratory Physiology

The Kidneys and Regulation of Water and Inorganic Ions

The Digestion and Absorption of Food

Regulation of Organic Metabolism and Energy Balance

Reproduction

Defense Mechanisms of the Body

Medical Physiology: Integration Using Clinical Cases

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Exam 4: Movement of Molecules Across Cell Membranes

Which of the following statements about the Na+-K+ ATPase pump is false?

The concentration of calcium in the cytosol of most resting cells is very much lower than the concentration of extracellular calcium.

Which of the following would decrease the net flux of a penetrating solute into a cell?

Which form of endocytosis is nonspecific,in that it occurs by the formation of an invagination of the plasma membrane,which then fills with interstitial fluid of the immediate area?

In the body,K+ ions behave as if they are penetrating solutes because they are actively transported into cells.

In most of the cells in the body there is an electrical difference such that the inside of cells is positive with respect to the outside.

Which of the following statements about epithelial cells and epithelial transport is NOT correct?

Why do solutions for injection or infusion into people with low blood volume normally contain 150 mM NaCl?

Phagocytic leukocytes use phagocytosis to engulf foreign bacteria and destroy them within ribosomes.

What type of cellular transport involves the cytosolic protein clathrin?

Regarding the tonicity and osmolarity of solutions,which of the following statements is not true?

The intracellular concentration of water in the cells of the body is normally the same as the extracellular concentration of water.

Molecules increase their rate of diffusion as temperature increases.

Both primary and secondary active transport require the expenditure of metabolic energy.

All other factors being equal,the rate of diffusion across a permeable surface will be greater for small molecules than for larger ones.

Which is TRUE regarding diffusion?

Which is true about mediated transport of substances across cell membranes?

The Na+/K+-ATPase carrier transports sodium ions out of cells and potassium ions into cells on a one-to-one basis.

Once formed inside of the cell,most endocytic vesicles will fuse with which organelle for sorting?

If a normal cell is placed into an unknown solution and it shrinks,what can be concluded about the unknown solution?

Homeostasis: a Framework for Human Physiology

Chemical Composition of the Body

Cellular Structure, Proteins, and Metabolism

Control of Cells by Chemical Messengers

Neuronal Signaling and the Structure of the Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Consciousness, the Brain, and Behavior

Muscle

Control of Body Movement

The Endocrine System

Cardiovascular Physiology

Respiratory Physiology

The Kidneys and Regulation of Water and Inorganic Ions

The Digestion and Absorption of Food

Regulation of Organic Metabolism and Energy Balance

Reproduction

Defense Mechanisms of the Body

Medical Physiology: Integration Using Clinical Cases

Filters