Question 1

Heart rate is increased by the release of epinephrine by the adrenal medulla into the bloodstream.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) endocrine control 
B) exocrine control 
C) paracrine control 
D) direct neural control 
E) positive feedback 
A) endocrine control 
B) exocrine control 
C) paracrine control 
D) direct neural control 
E) positive feedback

Question 2

______________ is term describing regulation of cellular activity by chemical mediators produced by that same cell.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ______________ is term describing regulation of cellular...

Question 3

Some neurons in the vagus nerve have synaptic connections to sinoatrial (pacemaker)cells in the heart.These neurons secrete acetylcholine,which ultimately results in a decreased heart rate.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) endocrine control 
B) exocrine control 
C) hormonal control 
D) neural control 
E) paracrine control 
A) endocrine control 
B) exocrine control 
C) hormonal control 
D) neural control 
E) paracrine control

Question 4

Homeostatic control systems and acclimatization are examples of biological adaptations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which of these is NOT one of the four general categories of cells that make up the human body?

Accepted Answer

A) epithelial cells 
B) collagen cells 
C) connective tissue cell 
D) neuron 
E) muscle cell 
A) epithelial cells 
B) collagen cells 
C) connective tissue cell 
D) neuron 
E) muscle cell

Question 6

The respiratory system is primarily responsible for transporting blood to the body's tissues.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The cell type that is specialized to communicate with other cells and control their activities is

Accepted Answer

A) Epithelial cells 
B) Muscle cells 
C) Connective tissue cells 
D) Nerve cells 
A) Epithelial cells 
B) Muscle cells 
C) Connective tissue cells 
D) Nerve cells

Question 8

When loss of a substance from the body exceeds gain,the body is said to be in positive balance for that substance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

What is a hormone?

Accepted Answer

A) a chemical released from a nerve cell that affects nearby cells across a synapse 
B) a chemical released from an endocrine gland that affects target cells without entering the bloodstream 
C) a chemical found in the blood that catalyzes the destruction of ingested toxins and foreign substances 
D) a chemical excreted from sweat gland that signals other individuals about the physiological status of the body 
E) a chemical regulator secreted from an endocrine gland that travels through the bloodstream to affect target cells 
A) a chemical released from a nerve cell that affects nearby cells across a synapse 
B) a chemical released from an endocrine gland that affects target cells without entering the bloodstream 
C) a chemical found in the blood that catalyzes the destruction of ingested toxins and foreign substances 
D) a chemical excreted from sweat gland that signals other individuals about the physiological status of the body 
E) a chemical regulator secreted from an endocrine gland that travels through the bloodstream to affect target cells

Question 10

Identify the effectors in this homeostatic reflex: Eating a salt-rich meal increases blood volume and pressure,stretching blood vessel walls.Nerve signals sent to the brainstem stimulate changes in hormonal and neural signaling.The heart rate is slowed,blood vessel walls are relaxed,and the kidneys increase urinary salt.The blood pressure returns toward normal.

Accepted Answer

A) brainstem and blood vessels 
B) blood vessels,hormones and nerves 
C) heart,kidneys and blood vessels 
D) brainstem,blood vessels,and kidneys 
E) hormones and nerves 
A) brainstem and blood vessels 
B) blood vessels,hormones and nerves 
C) heart,kidneys and blood vessels 
D) brainstem,blood vessels,and kidneys 
E) hormones and nerves

Question 11

_________________ is the general term for a chemical released by axon terminals into the bloodstream.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _________________ is the general term for a...

Question 12

Which of the following situations best represents a homeostatic mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A) A person who becomes very nervous begins to sweat profusely. 
B) After going outside on a hot day,the core body temperature increases. 
C) Increasing the size of fast food restaurant portions causes body weight to increase. 
D) After eating a large batch of salty popcorn,levels of salt in the urine increase. 
E) As age increases,the amount of calcium in bones tends to decrease. 
A) A person who becomes very nervous begins to sweat profusely. 
B) After going outside on a hot day,the core body temperature increases. 
C) Increasing the size of fast food restaurant portions causes body weight to increase. 
D) After eating a large batch of salty popcorn,levels of salt in the urine increase. 
E) As age increases,the amount of calcium in bones tends to decrease.

Question 13

Which concept is the defining feature of the discipline of physiology?

Accepted Answer

A) descent with modification 
B) homeostasis 
C) evolution 
D) dimorphism 
E) differentiation 
A) descent with modification 
B) homeostasis 
C) evolution 
D) dimorphism 
E) differentiation

Question 14

Which situation describes a feedforward mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A) Blood glucose returns toward normal an hour after a meal. 
B) The smell of rotten food on a plate triggers the vomit reflex. 
C) A drop in core body temperature triggers shivering. 
D) An increase in core body temperature stimulates sweating 
E) Food in the stomach triggers the production of stomach acid. 
A) Blood glucose returns toward normal an hour after a meal. 
B) The smell of rotten food on a plate triggers the vomit reflex. 
C) A drop in core body temperature triggers shivering. 
D) An increase in core body temperature stimulates sweating 
E) Food in the stomach triggers the production of stomach acid.

Question 15

Circadian rhythms are biological rhythms with what main characteristic?

Accepted Answer

A) They are cyclical,like the 28-day female menstrual cycle. 
B) They are cyclical,like the rhythmic beating of the heart. 
C) They are voluntary rhythms,like the time you decide to eat lunch each day. 
D) They cease to occur when a person is in a dark environment. 
E) They repeat approximately every 24 hours,like daily spikes in hormone secretion. 
A) They are cyclical,like the 28-day female menstrual cycle. 
B) They are cyclical,like the rhythmic beating of the heart. 
C) They are voluntary rhythms,like the time you decide to eat lunch each day. 
D) They cease to occur when a person is in a dark environment. 
E) They repeat approximately every 24 hours,like daily spikes in hormone secretion.

Question 16

The number of distinct cell types in the human body is about twenty.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Shivering in response to a cold draft is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) A homeostatic mechanism 
B) Negative feedback 
C) A physiological reflex 
D) Thermoregulation 
E) All of the choices are correct 
A) A homeostatic mechanism 
B) Negative feedback 
C) A physiological reflex 
D) Thermoregulation 
E) All of the choices are correct

Question 18

If the amount of sodium in the blood decreases,what would a negative feedback control mechanism be expected to do?

Accepted Answer

A) Decrease the amount of sodium in the blood. 
B) Increase the amount of sodium in the blood. 
C) Leave the amount of sodium unchanged. 
D) Change the set point for sodium. 
E) Inhibit the ingestion of more sodium. 
A) Decrease the amount of sodium in the blood. 
B) Increase the amount of sodium in the blood. 
C) Leave the amount of sodium unchanged. 
D) Change the set point for sodium. 
E) Inhibit the ingestion of more sodium.

Question 19

Feedforward regulatory processes

Accepted Answer

A) work in anticipation of changes in regulated variables. 
B) are identical to positive feedback processes 
C) Lead to instability of the regulated variable 
D) Maximize fluctuations in the regulated variable 
E) tend to force physiological variables away from their set point. 
A) work in anticipation of changes in regulated variables. 
B) are identical to positive feedback processes 
C) Lead to instability of the regulated variable 
D) Maximize fluctuations in the regulated variable 
E) tend to force physiological variables away from their set point.

Question 20

The study of disease states in the body is called

Accepted Answer

A) Pathophysiology 
B) Anatomy 
C) Homeostasis 
D) Biology 
E) Histology 
A) Pathophysiology 
B) Anatomy 
C) Homeostasis 
D) Biology 
E) Histology

Heart rate is increased by the release of epinephrine by the adrenal medulla into the bloodstream.This is an example of

______________ is term describing regulation of cellular activity by chemical mediators produced by that same cell.

Some neurons in the vagus nerve have synaptic connections to sinoatrial (pacemaker)cells in the heart.These neurons secrete acetylcholine,which ultimately results in a decreased heart rate.This is an example of

Homeostatic control systems and acclimatization are examples of biological adaptations.

Which of these is NOT one of the four general categories of cells that make up the human body?

The respiratory system is primarily responsible for transporting blood to the body's tissues.

The cell type that is specialized to communicate with other cells and control their activities is

When loss of a substance from the body exceeds gain,the body is said to be in positive balance for that substance.

What is a hormone?

_________________ is the general term for a chemical released by axon terminals into the bloodstream.

Which of the following situations best represents a homeostatic mechanism?

Which concept is the defining feature of the discipline of physiology?

Which situation describes a feedforward mechanism?

Circadian rhythms are biological rhythms with what main characteristic?

The number of distinct cell types in the human body is about twenty.

Shivering in response to a cold draft is an example of

If the amount of sodium in the blood decreases,what would a negative feedback control mechanism be expected to do?

Feedforward regulatory processes

The study of disease states in the body is called

Chemical Composition of the Body

Cellular Structure, Proteins, and Metabolism

Movement of Molecules Across Cell Membranes

Control of Cells by Chemical Messengers

Neuronal Signaling and the Structure of the Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Consciousness, the Brain, and Behavior

Muscle

Control of Body Movement

The Endocrine System

Cardiovascular Physiology

Respiratory Physiology

The Kidneys and Regulation of Water and Inorganic Ions

The Digestion and Absorption of Food

Regulation of Organic Metabolism and Energy Balance

Reproduction

Defense Mechanisms of the Body

Medical Physiology: Integration Using Clinical Cases

Filters

Exam 1: Homeostasis: a Framework for Human Physiology

Heart rate is increased by the release of epinephrine by the adrenal medulla into the bloodstream.This is an example of

______________ is term describing regulation of cellular activity by chemical mediators produced by that same cell.

Some neurons in the vagus nerve have synaptic connections to sinoatrial (pacemaker)cells in the heart.These neurons secrete acetylcholine,which ultimately results in a decreased heart rate.This is an example of

Homeostatic control systems and acclimatization are examples of biological adaptations.

Which of these is NOT one of the four general categories of cells that make up the human body?

The respiratory system is primarily responsible for transporting blood to the body's tissues.

The cell type that is specialized to communicate with other cells and control their activities is

When loss of a substance from the body exceeds gain,the body is said to be in positive balance for that substance.

What is a hormone?

_________________ is the general term for a chemical released by axon terminals into the bloodstream.

Which of the following situations best represents a homeostatic mechanism?

Which concept is the defining feature of the discipline of physiology?

Which situation describes a feedforward mechanism?

Circadian rhythms are biological rhythms with what main characteristic?

The number of distinct cell types in the human body is about twenty.

Shivering in response to a cold draft is an example of

If the amount of sodium in the blood decreases,what would a negative feedback control mechanism be expected to do?

Feedforward regulatory processes

The study of disease states in the body is called

Chemical Composition of the Body

Cellular Structure, Proteins, and Metabolism

Movement of Molecules Across Cell Membranes

Control of Cells by Chemical Messengers

Neuronal Signaling and the Structure of the Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Consciousness, the Brain, and Behavior

Muscle

Control of Body Movement

The Endocrine System

Cardiovascular Physiology

Respiratory Physiology

The Kidneys and Regulation of Water and Inorganic Ions

The Digestion and Absorption of Food

Regulation of Organic Metabolism and Energy Balance

Reproduction

Defense Mechanisms of the Body

Medical Physiology: Integration Using Clinical Cases

Filters