Exam 4: The Research Process: Theoretical Framework and Hypothesis Design

Which of the following conditions should not necessarily be met to establish that a change in the independent variable causes a change in the dependent variable:

Another term for independent variable is predictor variable.

Dictionary definitions provide a useful basis for the operationalization or measurement of your concepts in the data collection stage of the research process.

In case of a mediating variable,a dependent variable cannot be influenced directly by an independent variable.

A theoretical framework contains all possible variables that have an effect on the dependent variable.

"Women are more motivated than men" is an example of a non-directional hypothesis

Theory is needed in basic research but not in applied research

A ______________ is one that surfaces between the time the independent variables start operating to influence the dependent variable and the time their impact is felt on it.

A null hypothesis (H₀)is a hypothesis set up to be rejected in order to support an alternative hypothesis,labeled H₁.

A theoretical framework represents your beliefs on how certain phenomena (or variables or concepts)are related to each other,and an explanation on why you believe that these variables are associated to each other.

Typically,the alternate hypothesis is expressed as no (significant)relationship between two variables or no (significant)difference between two groups.