Question 1

The finding that a person is more likely to provide help when there are other bystanders is known as the bystander effect.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

According to the social-exchange theory,we use a ___________ strategy in deciding when and whether to help others.

Accepted Answer

A) social comparison 
B) compensatory 
C) minimax 
D) marginal utility 
A) social comparison 
B) compensatory 
C) minimax 
D) marginal utility

Question 3

Melissa sometimes fears that she will be assaulted when she is out alone at night.She makes a small joke and shares a smile with two female strangers while they are all waiting for the elevator in a parking garage late one night.Melissa may realize that

Accepted Answer

A) women are more likely than men to help a stranger who is in danger. 
B) overcoming egoism is necessary to increase her feelings of personal safety. 
C) even a trivial warm contact with a stranger increases the likelihood that a stranger will offer help if needed. 
D) she might meet the women again and she wants them to accept the help she offers to them. 
A) women are more likely than men to help a stranger who is in danger. 
B) overcoming egoism is necessary to increase her feelings of personal safety. 
C) even a trivial warm contact with a stranger increases the likelihood that a stranger will offer help if needed. 
D) she might meet the women again and she wants them to accept the help she offers to them.

Question 4

Latané and Darley had university students complete questionnaires in a small room and then had smoke poured into the room from a wall vent.Students who were working ___________ tended to notice the smoke in _____________.

Accepted Answer

A) in groups; less than five seconds 
B) alone; less than five seconds. 
C) on a challenging task; about 20 seconds 
D) on a rote task; less than five seconds 
A) in groups; less than five seconds 
B) alone; less than five seconds. 
C) on a challenging task; about 20 seconds 
D) on a rote task; less than five seconds

Question 5

According to the social-exchange theory,people help when

Accepted Answer

A) the gains are external and the losses are internal. 
B) the gains are greater than the losses. 
C) the gains and losses are proportional. 
D) the gains are smaller than the losses. 
A) the gains are external and the losses are internal. 
B) the gains are greater than the losses. 
C) the gains and losses are proportional. 
D) the gains are smaller than the losses.

Question 6

When people need our help,we are most likely to provide assistance if we attribute their need to

Accepted Answer

A) a lack of motivation. 
B) circumstances beyond their control. 
C) poor planning or foresight. 
D) their mood or disposition. 
A) a lack of motivation. 
B) circumstances beyond their control. 
C) poor planning or foresight. 
D) their mood or disposition.

Question 7

We are more likely to redeem ourselves with helpful behaviour when ______________.

Accepted Answer

A) no one knows about our misdeeds. 
B) other people know about our misdeeds. 
C) we are afraid that someone will find out about our misdeeds. 
D) we are not guilty of our misdeeds. 
A) no one knows about our misdeeds. 
B) other people know about our misdeeds. 
C) we are afraid that someone will find out about our misdeeds. 
D) we are not guilty of our misdeeds.

Question 8

People who live in _____________ are least likely to relay a phone message,mail lost letters,cooperate with survey interviewers,do small favours,or help a lost child.

Accepted Answer

A) big cities 
B) small towns 
C) rural environments 
D) apartments 
A) big cities 
B) small towns 
C) rural environments 
D) apartments

Question 9

In one laboratory experiment where sets of twins played games for money,identical twins were _______________ as likely as fraternal twins to cooperate with their twin for a shared gain.

Accepted Answer

A) half again 
B) twice 
C) three times 
D) one third 
A) half again 
B) twice 
C) three times 
D) one third

Question 10

You observe a woman rush into the street in front of a speeding car to pull a child out of the way.According to Skinner's analysis of altruism,in which of the following situations would you not see her action as altruistic?

Accepted Answer

A) The woman was a stranger to the child. 
B) The speeding car was a police car. 
C) Another woman had done the same thing the week before. 
D) The woman was related to the child. 
A) The woman was a stranger to the child. 
B) The speeding car was a police car. 
C) Another woman had done the same thing the week before. 
D) The woman was related to the child.

Question 11

Mail surveys and solicitations sometimes try to boost response rates by including a small gift (e.g.,greeting cards).This strategy is based on

Accepted Answer

A) altruistic motives. 
B) the social responsibility norm. 
C) the reciprocity norm. 
D) the door-in-the-face technique. 
A) altruistic motives. 
B) the social responsibility norm. 
C) the reciprocity norm. 
D) the door-in-the-face technique.

Question 12

Preliminary indications of research on personality traits are that those high in ______________ are most likely to be concerned and helpful.

Accepted Answer

A) femininity,assertiveness,and dominance 
B) emotionality,empathy,and self-efficacy 
C) masculinity,sympathy,and nurturance 
D) sensitivity,compassion,and introversion 
A) femininity,assertiveness,and dominance 
B) emotionality,empathy,and self-efficacy 
C) masculinity,sympathy,and nurturance 
D) sensitivity,compassion,and introversion

Question 13

Playing prosocial video games or listening to prosocial music can increase later real-life empathy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The executives of a major corporation contribute to charitable causes only when they are certain their gift will be well publicized,their public image will be improved,and ultimately be translated into increased profits.The corporation's charitable acts are most easily explained in terms of

Accepted Answer

A) the empathy-altruism hypothesis. 
B) Latan and Darley's decision tree. 
C) social-exchange theory. 
D) the moral exclusion principle. 
A) the empathy-altruism hypothesis. 
B) Latan and Darley's decision tree. 
C) social-exchange theory. 
D) the moral exclusion principle.

Question 15

Who of the following is least likely to help an injured pedestrian?

Accepted Answer

A) Peter,who has just found $10 in a grocery store. 
B) Anita,who is five minutes late for a committee meeting. 
C) Carol,who has just lost a dollar bill in a poker game. 
D) Ralph,who is five minutes early for work. 
A) Peter,who has just found $10 in a grocery store. 
B) Anita,who is five minutes late for a committee meeting. 
C) Carol,who has just lost a dollar bill in a poker game. 
D) Ralph,who is five minutes early for work.

Question 16

The "feel good-do good" effect occurs in ______________.

Accepted Answer

A) men,but not women. 
B) women,but not men. 
C) adults,but not children. 
D) adults and children. 
A) men,but not women. 
B) women,but not men. 
C) adults,but not children. 
D) adults and children.

Question 17

Altruism is to ___________________ as egoism is to ___________________.

Accepted Answer

A) Gouldner; Batson 
B) reciprocity; social justice 
C) evolutionary theory; social norms theory 
D) another's welfare; one's own welfare 
A) Gouldner; Batson 
B) reciprocity; social justice 
C) evolutionary theory; social norms theory 
D) another's welfare; one's own welfare

Question 18

Gottlieb and Carver (1980)showed that

Accepted Answer

A) anything that personalizes bystanders increases willingness to help. 
B) non-personalization increases willingness to help. 
C) eye-contact decreases willingness to help. 
D) stating one's name decreases willingness to help. 
A) anything that personalizes bystanders increases willingness to help. 
B) non-personalization increases willingness to help. 
C) eye-contact decreases willingness to help. 
D) stating one's name decreases willingness to help.

Question 19

According to the theory of group selection,

Accepted Answer

A) a group of altruists survive better than group of non-altruists. 
B) individual altruists survive better than group of altruists. 
C) a group of individualists survive better than group of non-individualists. 
D) a competitive group survives better than a non-competitive group. 
A) a group of altruists survive better than group of non-altruists. 
B) individual altruists survive better than group of altruists. 
C) a group of individualists survive better than group of non-individualists. 
D) a competitive group survives better than a non-competitive group.

Question 20

Kris is walking down the street and sees an individual on crutches coming out of the grocery store having a very difficult time carrying his parcels.Given that Kris was on crutches for a broken ankle several months previous,she feels empathy for this stranger.Based on theories of altruism,what is the best explanation that relates to why Kris would help this stranger?

Accepted Answer

A) social-exchange 
B) egoistic distress reduction 
C) empathy-induced altruism 
D) reciprocity 
A) social-exchange 
B) egoistic distress reduction 
C) empathy-induced altruism 
D) reciprocity

The finding that a person is more likely to provide help when there are other bystanders is known as the bystander effect.

According to the social-exchange theory,we use a ___________ strategy in deciding when and whether to help others.

Melissa sometimes fears that she will be assaulted when she is out alone at night.She makes a small joke and shares a smile with two female strangers while they are all waiting for the elevator in a parking garage late one night.Melissa may realize that

Latané and Darley had university students complete questionnaires in a small room and then had smoke poured into the room from a wall vent.Students who were working _ tended to notice the smoke in ___.

According to the social-exchange theory,people help when

When people need our help,we are most likely to provide assistance if we attribute their need to

We are more likely to redeem ourselves with helpful behaviour when ______________.

People who live in _____________ are least likely to relay a phone message,mail lost letters,cooperate with survey interviewers,do small favours,or help a lost child.

In one laboratory experiment where sets of twins played games for money,identical twins were _______________ as likely as fraternal twins to cooperate with their twin for a shared gain.

You observe a woman rush into the street in front of a speeding car to pull a child out of the way.According to Skinner's analysis of altruism,in which of the following situations would you not see her action as altruistic?

Mail surveys and solicitations sometimes try to boost response rates by including a small gift (e.g.,greeting cards).This strategy is based on

Preliminary indications of research on personality traits are that those high in ______________ are most likely to be concerned and helpful.

Playing prosocial video games or listening to prosocial music can increase later real-life empathy.

The executives of a major corporation contribute to charitable causes only when they are certain their gift will be well publicized,their public image will be improved,and ultimately be translated into increased profits.The corporation's charitable acts are most easily explained in terms of

Who of the following is least likely to help an injured pedestrian?

The "feel good-do good" effect occurs in ______________.

Altruism is to _ as egoism is to _.

Gottlieb and Carver (1980)showed that

According to the theory of group selection,

Introducing Social Psychology

The Self in a Social World

Social Beliefs and Judgments

Behaviour and Attitudes

Persuasion

Conformity

Group Influence

Aggression: Hurting Others

Attraction and Intimacy: Liking and Loving Others

Sources of Prejudice

Consequences of Prejudice

Social Psychology in Conflict and Peacemaking

Social Psychology in the Clinic

Filters

Exam 8: Altruism: Helping Others

The finding that a person is more likely to provide help when there are other bystanders is known as the bystander effect.

According to the social-exchange theory,we use a ___________ strategy in deciding when and whether to help others.

Melissa sometimes fears that she will be assaulted when she is out alone at night.She makes a small joke and shares a smile with two female strangers while they are all waiting for the elevator in a parking garage late one night.Melissa may realize that

Latané and Darley had university students complete questionnaires in a small room and then had smoke poured into the room from a wall vent.Students who were working ___________ tended to notice the smoke in _____________.

According to the social-exchange theory,people help when

When people need our help,we are most likely to provide assistance if we attribute their need to

We are more likely to redeem ourselves with helpful behaviour when ______________.

People who live in _____________ are least likely to relay a phone message,mail lost letters,cooperate with survey interviewers,do small favours,or help a lost child.

In one laboratory experiment where sets of twins played games for money,identical twins were _______________ as likely as fraternal twins to cooperate with their twin for a shared gain.

You observe a woman rush into the street in front of a speeding car to pull a child out of the way.According to Skinner's analysis of altruism,in which of the following situations would you not see her action as altruistic?

Mail surveys and solicitations sometimes try to boost response rates by including a small gift (e.g.,greeting cards).This strategy is based on

Preliminary indications of research on personality traits are that those high in ______________ are most likely to be concerned and helpful.

Playing prosocial video games or listening to prosocial music can increase later real-life empathy.

The executives of a major corporation contribute to charitable causes only when they are certain their gift will be well publicized,their public image will be improved,and ultimately be translated into increased profits.The corporation's charitable acts are most easily explained in terms of

Who of the following is least likely to help an injured pedestrian?

The "feel good-do good" effect occurs in ______________.

Altruism is to ___________________ as egoism is to ___________________.

Gottlieb and Carver (1980)showed that

According to the theory of group selection,

Introducing Social Psychology

The Self in a Social World

Social Beliefs and Judgments

Behaviour and Attitudes

Persuasion

Conformity

Group Influence

Aggression: Hurting Others

Attraction and Intimacy: Liking and Loving Others

Sources of Prejudice

Consequences of Prejudice

Social Psychology in Conflict and Peacemaking

Social Psychology in the Clinic

Filters

Latané and Darley had university students complete questionnaires in a small room and then had smoke poured into the room from a wall vent.Students who were working _ tended to notice the smoke in ___.

Altruism is to _ as egoism is to _.