Question 1

While witnessing another person's distress triggers anxiety and distress,the act of helping is most likely to be motivated by

Accepted Answer

A) egoism. 
B) altruism. 
C) empathy. 
D) the reciprocity norm. 
A) egoism. 
B) altruism. 
C) empathy. 
D) the reciprocity norm.

Question 2

After losing control,a car has plunged into a frigid lake with rough water.The driver,a middle-aged woman,and a young child are stuck inside the car and it is beginning to sink.Who is more likely to help?

Accepted Answer

A) Sally,a twenty-five-year-old college student 
B) Steve,a forty-two-year-old mechanic 
C) both Sally and Steve will help 
D) neither Sally nor Steve will help 
A) Sally,a twenty-five-year-old college student 
B) Steve,a forty-two-year-old mechanic 
C) both Sally and Steve will help 
D) neither Sally nor Steve will help

Question 3

Regarding people as within one's circle of moral concern is called

Accepted Answer

A) moral exclusion. 
B) moral inclusion. 
C) exclusive altruism. 
D) in-group morality. 
A) moral exclusion. 
B) moral inclusion. 
C) exclusive altruism. 
D) in-group morality.

Question 4

Altruism's ultimate goal is to

Accepted Answer

A) contribute to another's welfare. 
B) contribute to one's own welfare. 
C) contribute to one's own welfare as well as another's welfare. 
D) contribute to the welfare of next of kin. 
A) contribute to another's welfare. 
B) contribute to one's own welfare. 
C) contribute to one's own welfare as well as another's welfare. 
D) contribute to the welfare of next of kin.

Question 5

According to Darley and Latané,even if people notice an event that they realize to be an emergency,_______________ in the presence of other bystanders can inhibit helping.

Accepted Answer

A) pluralistic ignorance 
B) diffusion of responsibility 
C) self-presentation concerns 
D) anxiety 
A) pluralistic ignorance 
B) diffusion of responsibility 
C) self-presentation concerns 
D) anxiety

Question 6

According to the text,people in a hurry may be less willing to help because

Accepted Answer

A) they have weighed the costs of helping and have decided they are too high. 
B) they never fully grasp the situation as one requiring their assistance. 
C) they tend to be selfish and primarily concerned with meeting their own needs. 
D) they tend to be in a negative mood state and therefore are less likely to help. 
A) they have weighed the costs of helping and have decided they are too high. 
B) they never fully grasp the situation as one requiring their assistance. 
C) they tend to be selfish and primarily concerned with meeting their own needs. 
D) they tend to be in a negative mood state and therefore are less likely to help.

Question 7

Celeste is walking along the street one day when she sees that a blood-donor clinic is in progress.She is least likely to stop and give blood if she

Accepted Answer

A) knows someone who requires frequent blood transfusions. 
B) is just out for a walk,with nowhere she has to get to. 
C) is on her way to do something really fun. 
D) she is in a bad mood. 
A) knows someone who requires frequent blood transfusions. 
B) is just out for a walk,with nowhere she has to get to. 
C) is on her way to do something really fun. 
D) she is in a bad mood.

Question 8

According the Cioffi and Garner study,more students showed up to give blood when they

Accepted Answer

A) were sent a letter asking that they reply with a "no" if they did not anticipate donating. 
B) were sent a letter asking that they reply with a "yes" if they anticipated donating. 
C) received an email announcement a week ahead. 
D) received an email announcement one day ahead. 
A) were sent a letter asking that they reply with a "no" if they did not anticipate donating. 
B) were sent a letter asking that they reply with a "yes" if they anticipated donating. 
C) received an email announcement a week ahead. 
D) received an email announcement one day ahead.

Question 9

According to the social-exchange theory,Wendy will be more likely to help Amanda,who is a stranger,if Amanda

Accepted Answer

A) is a very sociable person. 
B) offers to give Wendy some sort of small gift. 
C) seems to be a substitute for someone Wendy cares about. 
D) looks like Wendy's mother. 
A) is a very sociable person. 
B) offers to give Wendy some sort of small gift. 
C) seems to be a substitute for someone Wendy cares about. 
D) looks like Wendy's mother.

Question 10

Who of the following is most likely to respond favourably to an unexpected request for a charitable donation to a local hospital?

Accepted Answer

A) Melvin's older sister,who is hurrying to get to her scheduled appointment with the family doctor. 
B) Melvin's mother,who just received a very favourable job evaluation from her employer. 
C) Melvin's younger brother,who is depressed over receiving a D on a physics exam. 
D) Melvin's father,who is annoyed over the newspaper boy's trampling of his flower bed. 
A) Melvin's older sister,who is hurrying to get to her scheduled appointment with the family doctor. 
B) Melvin's mother,who just received a very favourable job evaluation from her employer. 
C) Melvin's younger brother,who is depressed over receiving a D on a physics exam. 
D) Melvin's father,who is annoyed over the newspaper boy's trampling of his flower bed.

Question 11

Theories of altruism include

Accepted Answer

A) social norms and social exchange 
B) social exchange and evolutionary 
C) evolutionary and social norms 
D) social norms,social exchange,and evolutionary 
A) social norms and social exchange 
B) social exchange and evolutionary 
C) evolutionary and social norms 
D) social norms,social exchange,and evolutionary

Question 12

European Christians who risked their lives to rescue Jews during the Nazi era and civil rights activists of the 1950s report that

Accepted Answer

A) they came from families who themselves had been victims of some form of social injustice. 
B) they had warm,close relationships with parents who were committed to humanitarian causes. 
C) their efforts were,in part,a reaction to having been raised in a troubled family environment in which parents and children were in frequent conflict. 
D) they were firstborn or only children whose parents had taught them courage and independence. 
A) they came from families who themselves had been victims of some form of social injustice. 
B) they had warm,close relationships with parents who were committed to humanitarian causes. 
C) their efforts were,in part,a reaction to having been raised in a troubled family environment in which parents and children were in frequent conflict. 
D) they were firstborn or only children whose parents had taught them courage and independence.

Question 13

The ultimate goal of altruism is to ______________,and the ultimate goal of egoism is to ________________.

Accepted Answer

A) contribute to another's welfare; contribute to one's own welfare. 
B) contribute to one's own welfare; contribute to one's own welfare. 
C) contribute to another's welfare; contribute to one's own welfare as well as another's welfare. 
D) contribute to the welfare of next of kin; contribute to one's own welfare. 
A) contribute to another's welfare; contribute to one's own welfare. 
B) contribute to one's own welfare; contribute to one's own welfare. 
C) contribute to another's welfare; contribute to one's own welfare as well as another's welfare. 
D) contribute to the welfare of next of kin; contribute to one's own welfare.

Question 14

Sociologist Alvin Gouldner has contended that the reciprocity norm

Accepted Answer

A) is the ultimate basis for feelings of empathy. 
B) is stronger in females than in males. 
C) is as universal as the incest taboo. 
D) has little application in close relationships such as marriage. 
A) is the ultimate basis for feelings of empathy. 
B) is stronger in females than in males. 
C) is as universal as the incest taboo. 
D) has little application in close relationships such as marriage.

Question 15

According to the social-exchange theory,the rewards that motivate helping are

Accepted Answer

A) internal or external. 
B) internal only. 
C) external only. 
D) consciously recognized before the act of helping. 
A) internal or external. 
B) internal only. 
C) external only. 
D) consciously recognized before the act of helping.

Question 16

Lydia lives in Toronto,and constantly sees people "in need" when she walks to and from work.She doesn't often help anyone anymore,as there are just too many people that "need" something.Lydia is most likely experiencing

Accepted Answer

A) a diffusion of responsibility. 
B) the bystander effect. 
C) compassion fatigue and sensory overload. 
D) the social conflict effect. 
A) a diffusion of responsibility. 
B) the bystander effect. 
C) compassion fatigue and sensory overload. 
D) the social conflict effect.

Question 17

From an evolutionary perspective,it would be most difficult to explain why

Accepted Answer

A) John paid his son's hospital bill. 
B) Phyllis helps her mother clean the house. 
C) William helps his next-door neighbour paint his house. 
D) Ruth risked her life to save a stranger from being murdered. 
A) John paid his son's hospital bill. 
B) Phyllis helps her mother clean the house. 
C) William helps his next-door neighbour paint his house. 
D) Ruth risked her life to save a stranger from being murdered.

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of the mechanisms for overcoming selfishness?

Accepted Answer

A) kin selection 
B) gender similarity 
C) mate selection 
D) paternal instinct 
A) kin selection 
B) gender similarity 
C) mate selection 
D) paternal instinct

Question 19

About 15 people are waiting at a bus stop after dark.Flames suddenly begin to shoot out the window of a house across the street.Someone instantly calls the fire department while several other people run across the street to alert those in the house.Why did the bystander effect not occur in this situation?

Accepted Answer

A) Everyone is afraid of fire. 
B) The bystander effect did occur. 
C) It was after dark and therefore people were more willing to help. 
D) The situation was clearly an emergency. 
A) Everyone is afraid of fire. 
B) The bystander effect did occur. 
C) It was after dark and therefore people were more willing to help. 
D) The situation was clearly an emergency.

Question 20

Darley and Batson had seminary students think about a talk they were about to have recorded in an adjacent building.Participants who had been _________________ were most likely to stop and offer aid to a "victim" they encountered en route to the recording studio.

Accepted Answer

A) asked to talk about career opportunities 
B) asked to talk about the Good Samaritan parable 
C) given extra time to reach the studio 
D) told they were already late in departing for the studio 
A) asked to talk about career opportunities 
B) asked to talk about the Good Samaritan parable 
C) given extra time to reach the studio 
D) told they were already late in departing for the studio

While witnessing another person's distress triggers anxiety and distress,the act of helping is most likely to be motivated by

After losing control,a car has plunged into a frigid lake with rough water.The driver,a middle-aged woman,and a young child are stuck inside the car and it is beginning to sink.Who is more likely to help?

Regarding people as within one's circle of moral concern is called

Altruism's ultimate goal is to

According to Darley and Latané,even if people notice an event that they realize to be an emergency,_______________ in the presence of other bystanders can inhibit helping.

According to the text,people in a hurry may be less willing to help because

Celeste is walking along the street one day when she sees that a blood-donor clinic is in progress.She is least likely to stop and give blood if she

According the Cioffi and Garner study,more students showed up to give blood when they

According to the social-exchange theory,Wendy will be more likely to help Amanda,who is a stranger,if Amanda

Who of the following is most likely to respond favourably to an unexpected request for a charitable donation to a local hospital?

Theories of altruism include

European Christians who risked their lives to rescue Jews during the Nazi era and civil rights activists of the 1950s report that

The ultimate goal of altruism is to ,and the ultimate goal of egoism is to __.

Sociologist Alvin Gouldner has contended that the reciprocity norm

According to the social-exchange theory,the rewards that motivate helping are

Lydia lives in Toronto,and constantly sees people "in need" when she walks to and from work.She doesn't often help anyone anymore,as there are just too many people that "need" something.Lydia is most likely experiencing

From an evolutionary perspective,it would be most difficult to explain why

Which of the following is an example of the mechanisms for overcoming selfishness?

Darley and Batson had seminary students think about a talk they were about to have recorded in an adjacent building.Participants who had been _________________ were most likely to stop and offer aid to a "victim" they encountered en route to the recording studio.

Introducing Social Psychology

The Self in a Social World

Social Beliefs and Judgments

Behaviour and Attitudes

Persuasion

Conformity

Group Influence

Aggression: Hurting Others

Attraction and Intimacy: Liking and Loving Others

Sources of Prejudice

Consequences of Prejudice

Social Psychology in Conflict and Peacemaking

Social Psychology in the Clinic

Filters

Exam 8: Altruism: Helping Others

While witnessing another person's distress triggers anxiety and distress,the act of helping is most likely to be motivated by

After losing control,a car has plunged into a frigid lake with rough water.The driver,a middle-aged woman,and a young child are stuck inside the car and it is beginning to sink.Who is more likely to help?

Regarding people as within one's circle of moral concern is called

Altruism's ultimate goal is to

According to Darley and Latané,even if people notice an event that they realize to be an emergency,_______________ in the presence of other bystanders can inhibit helping.

According to the text,people in a hurry may be less willing to help because

Celeste is walking along the street one day when she sees that a blood-donor clinic is in progress.She is least likely to stop and give blood if she

According the Cioffi and Garner study,more students showed up to give blood when they

According to the social-exchange theory,Wendy will be more likely to help Amanda,who is a stranger,if Amanda

Who of the following is most likely to respond favourably to an unexpected request for a charitable donation to a local hospital?

Theories of altruism include

European Christians who risked their lives to rescue Jews during the Nazi era and civil rights activists of the 1950s report that

The ultimate goal of altruism is to ______________,and the ultimate goal of egoism is to ________________.

Sociologist Alvin Gouldner has contended that the reciprocity norm

According to the social-exchange theory,the rewards that motivate helping are

Lydia lives in Toronto,and constantly sees people "in need" when she walks to and from work.She doesn't often help anyone anymore,as there are just too many people that "need" something.Lydia is most likely experiencing

From an evolutionary perspective,it would be most difficult to explain why

Which of the following is an example of the mechanisms for overcoming selfishness?

Darley and Batson had seminary students think about a talk they were about to have recorded in an adjacent building.Participants who had been _________________ were most likely to stop and offer aid to a "victim" they encountered en route to the recording studio.

Introducing Social Psychology

The Self in a Social World

Social Beliefs and Judgments

Behaviour and Attitudes

Persuasion

Conformity

Group Influence

Aggression: Hurting Others

Attraction and Intimacy: Liking and Loving Others

Sources of Prejudice

Consequences of Prejudice

Social Psychology in Conflict and Peacemaking

Social Psychology in the Clinic

Filters

The ultimate goal of altruism is to ,and the ultimate goal of egoism is to __.