Question 1

From an evolutionary perspective, it would be most difficult to explain why

Accepted Answer

A)  John paid his son's hospital bill. 
B)  Phyllis helps her mother clean the house. 
C)  William helps his next-door neighbour paint his house. 
D)  Ruth risked her life to save a stranger from being murdered. 
A)  John paid his son's hospital bill. 
B)  Phyllis helps her mother clean the house. 
C)  William helps his next-door neighbour paint his house. 
D)  Ruth risked her life to save a stranger from being murdered.

Question 2

Both European Christians who risked their lives to rescue Jews during the Nazi era and civil rights activists of the 1950s report that

Accepted Answer

A)  they came from families who themselves had been victims of some form of social injustice. 
B)  they had warm, close relationships with parents who were committed to humanitarian causes. 
C)  their efforts were in part a reaction to having been raised in a troubled family environment in which parents and children were in frequent conflict. 
D)  they were firstborn or only children whose parents had taught them courage and independence. 
A)  they came from families who themselves had been victims of some form of social injustice. 
B)  they had warm, close relationships with parents who were committed to humanitarian causes. 
C)  their efforts were in part a reaction to having been raised in a troubled family environment in which parents and children were in frequent conflict. 
D)  they were firstborn or only children whose parents had taught them courage and independence.

Question 3

According to the text, people in a hurry may be less willing to help because

Accepted Answer

A)  they have weighed the costs of helping and have decided they are too high. 
B)  they never fully grasp the situation as one requiring their assistance. 
C)  they tend to be selfish and primarily concerned with meeting their own needs. 
D)  they tend to be in a negative mood state and therefore are less likely to help. 
A)  they have weighed the costs of helping and have decided they are too high. 
B)  they never fully grasp the situation as one requiring their assistance. 
C)  they tend to be selfish and primarily concerned with meeting their own needs. 
D)  they tend to be in a negative mood state and therefore are less likely to help.

Question 4

According to the text, which of the following is a possible explanation for why are people kind to strangers they will never see again?

Accepted Answer

A)  They expect to be treated well themselves in the future. 
B)  It gives them a feeling of satisfaction. 
C)  They know the stranger is in need of help. 
D)  It makes them overcome feelings of loneliness. 
A)  They expect to be treated well themselves in the future. 
B)  It gives them a feeling of satisfaction. 
C)  They know the stranger is in need of help. 
D)  It makes them overcome feelings of loneliness.

Question 5

If victims seem to have created their own problems by laziness or lack of foresight, we are less willing to offer help. Helping responses are thus closely tied to

Accepted Answer

A)  the overjustification effect. 
B)  attributions. 
C)  self-concept. 
D)  empathy. 
A)  the overjustification effect. 
B)  attributions. 
C)  self-concept. 
D)  empathy.

Question 6

What we can learn from research suggesting that "service learning" and volunteer programs woven into a school curriculum have been shown to later increase social responsibility and cooperation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Attitudes follow behaviour 
B)  Behaviour follows attitudes 
C)  The importance of the peripheral routes to persuasion 
D)  The importance of the central routes to persuasion 
A)  Attitudes follow behaviour 
B)  Behaviour follows attitudes 
C)  The importance of the peripheral routes to persuasion 
D)  The importance of the central routes to persuasion

Question 7

In the experimental studies of bystander non-intervention, researchers have

Accepted Answer

A)  always first obtained the participant's informed consent. 
B)  been careful to debrief their laboratory participants. 
C)  subsequently found that most research participants believe the laboratory experiments have little, if any, application to everyday life. 
D)  All of these choices 
A)  always first obtained the participant's informed consent. 
B)  been careful to debrief their laboratory participants. 
C)  subsequently found that most research participants believe the laboratory experiments have little, if any, application to everyday life. 
D)  All of these choices

Question 8

Altruism is to ___________________ as egoism is to ___________________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Gouldner; Batson 
B)  reciprocity; social justice 
C)  evolutionary theory; social norms theory 
D)  another's welfare; one's own welfare 
A)  Gouldner; Batson 
B)  reciprocity; social justice 
C)  evolutionary theory; social norms theory 
D)  another's welfare; one's own welfare

Question 9

Bystanders increase their helpfulness as they become more

Accepted Answer

A)  self-aware. 
B)  depressed. 
C)  anxious. 
D)  self-accepting. 
A)  self-aware. 
B)  depressed. 
C)  anxious. 
D)  self-accepting.

Question 10

According to Donald Campbell, the reason that humans sometimes demonstrate nonreciprocal altruism toward strangers is that

Accepted Answer

A)  unique circumstances have created a genetic predisposition to be selfless in rare individuals. 
B)  human societies have evolved ethical rules such as "Love your neighbour." 
C)  improved communication has made the world smaller and thus everyone is our kin. 
D)  helpers misperceive strangers as either close kin or capable of reciprocity. 
A)  unique circumstances have created a genetic predisposition to be selfless in rare individuals. 
B)  human societies have evolved ethical rules such as "Love your neighbour." 
C)  improved communication has made the world smaller and thus everyone is our kin. 
D)  helpers misperceive strangers as either close kin or capable of reciprocity.

Question 11

According to social exchange theory, we use a ___________ strategy in deciding when and whether to help others.

Accepted Answer

A)  social comparison 
B)  compensatory 
C)  minimax 
D)  marginal utility 
A)  social comparison 
B)  compensatory 
C)  minimax 
D)  marginal utility

Question 12

Suzanne, James, William, and Theodore all walk down Wall Street each day and see the same sign requesting donations to an organization that helps poor people. Which of these people is most likely to give a donation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Suzanne, who believes that poor people should work harder to help themselves. 
B)  James, who is a high self-monitor. 
C)  William, who believes that people can become poor through no fault of their own. 
D)  Theodore, who attributes people's poverty to their reckless spending habits. 
A)  Suzanne, who believes that poor people should work harder to help themselves. 
B)  James, who is a high self-monitor. 
C)  William, who believes that people can become poor through no fault of their own. 
D)  Theodore, who attributes people's poverty to their reckless spending habits.

Question 13

What is the bystander effect? Discuss the three main circumstances that inhibit bystander intervention.

Accepted Answer

The bystander effect is a social psychol

Question 14

Moira just won a school lottery fund for $4,000. She is thrilled and is trying to figure out how to spend her money. Which of the following options would be associated with the greatest feelings of happiness and internal reward for Moira?

Accepted Answer

A)  She goes on a shopping spree and spends the money on things she could never afford to buy otherwise. 
B)  She goes on a shopping spree and buys her Mom a new bed because she knows how badly her mother needs one. 
C)  She goes on a shopping spree and spends her money on a bunch of items that she really needed to buy. 
D)  She takes the money to the bank and deposits it into her savings account, and wants to be responsible with her money. 
A)  She goes on a shopping spree and spends the money on things she could never afford to buy otherwise. 
B)  She goes on a shopping spree and buys her Mom a new bed because she knows how badly her mother needs one. 
C)  She goes on a shopping spree and spends her money on a bunch of items that she really needed to buy. 
D)  She takes the money to the bank and deposits it into her savings account, and wants to be responsible with her money.

Question 15

Circumstances that promote _______________ should also ___________ helping.

Accepted Answer

A)  self-awareness; increase 
B)  honesty; increase 
C)  norms of reciprocity; decrease 
D)  guilt; decrease 
A)  self-awareness; increase 
B)  honesty; increase 
C)  norms of reciprocity; decrease 
D)  guilt; decrease

Question 16

Experiments have induced guilt by having people deliver shock, lie, cheat, or destroy property. Such studies consistently show that people who feel guilty

Accepted Answer

A)  typically displace their frustration by justifying others' suffering. 
B)  are more likely to help an undeserving person than an innocent victim. 
C)  will do whatever they can to expunge the guilt and restore their self-esteem. 
D)  tend to be distracted and thus are less likely to notice others' need for help. 
A)  typically displace their frustration by justifying others' suffering. 
B)  are more likely to help an undeserving person than an innocent victim. 
C)  will do whatever they can to expunge the guilt and restore their self-esteem. 
D)  tend to be distracted and thus are less likely to notice others' need for help.

Question 17

Bystanders will inhibit helping most under which of the following conditions?

Accepted Answer

A)  the emergency is ambiguous 
B)  the other bystanders are strangers 
C)  the bystanders cannot readily read one another's reactions 
D)  all of these choices 
A)  the emergency is ambiguous 
B)  the other bystanders are strangers 
C)  the bystanders cannot readily read one another's reactions 
D)  all of these choices

Question 18

According to the text, the social-responsibility norm gets selectively applied according to the following principle:

Accepted Answer

A)  Give but require repayment with interest. 
B)  Give people what they deserve. 
C)  Give away only what you will never use. 
D)  Do unto others as they have done unto you. 
A)  Give but require repayment with interest. 
B)  Give people what they deserve. 
C)  Give away only what you will never use. 
D)  Do unto others as they have done unto you.

Question 19

Melissa sometimes fears that she will be assaulted when she is out alone at night. She makes a small joke and shares a smile with two female strangers while they are all waiting for the elevator in a parking garage late one night. Melissa may realize that

Accepted Answer

A)  women are more likely than men to help a stranger who is in danger. 
B)  overcoming egoism is necessary to increase her feelings of personal safety. 
C)  even a trivial warm contact with a stranger increases the likelihood that a stranger will offer help if needed. 
D)  she might meet the women again and she wants them to accept the help she offers to them. 
A)  women are more likely than men to help a stranger who is in danger. 
B)  overcoming egoism is necessary to increase her feelings of personal safety. 
C)  even a trivial warm contact with a stranger increases the likelihood that a stranger will offer help if needed. 
D)  she might meet the women again and she wants them to accept the help she offers to them.

Question 20

Egoism's ultimate goal is to

Accepted Answer

A)  contribute to another's welfare. 
B)  contribute to one's own welfare as well as another's welfare. 
C)  contribute to one's own welfare. 
D)  diminish another's welfare. 
A)  contribute to another's welfare. 
B)  contribute to one's own welfare as well as another's welfare. 
C)  contribute to one's own welfare. 
D)  diminish another's welfare.

From an evolutionary perspective, it would be most difficult to explain why

Both European Christians who risked their lives to rescue Jews during the Nazi era and civil rights activists of the 1950s report that

According to the text, people in a hurry may be less willing to help because

According to the text, which of the following is a possible explanation for why are people kind to strangers they will never see again?

If victims seem to have created their own problems by laziness or lack of foresight, we are less willing to offer help. Helping responses are thus closely tied to

What we can learn from research suggesting that "service learning" and volunteer programs woven into a school curriculum have been shown to later increase social responsibility and cooperation?

In the experimental studies of bystander non-intervention, researchers have

Altruism is to _ as egoism is to _.

Bystanders increase their helpfulness as they become more

According to Donald Campbell, the reason that humans sometimes demonstrate nonreciprocal altruism toward strangers is that

According to social exchange theory, we use a ___________ strategy in deciding when and whether to help others.

Suzanne, James, William, and Theodore all walk down Wall Street each day and see the same sign requesting donations to an organization that helps poor people. Which of these people is most likely to give a donation?

What is the bystander effect? Discuss the three main circumstances that inhibit bystander intervention.

Moira just won a school lottery fund for $4,000. She is thrilled and is trying to figure out how to spend her money. Which of the following options would be associated with the greatest feelings of happiness and internal reward for Moira?

Circumstances that promote _____ should also _ helping.

Experiments have induced guilt by having people deliver shock, lie, cheat, or destroy property. Such studies consistently show that people who feel guilty

Bystanders will inhibit helping most under which of the following conditions?

According to the text, the social-responsibility norm gets selectively applied according to the following principle:

Melissa sometimes fears that she will be assaulted when she is out alone at night. She makes a small joke and shares a smile with two female strangers while they are all waiting for the elevator in a parking garage late one night. Melissa may realize that

Egoism's ultimate goal is to

Introducing Social Psychology

The Self in a Social World

Social Beliefs and Judgments

Behaviour and Attitudes

Persuasion

Conformity

Group Influence

Aggression: Hurting Others

Attraction and Intimacy: Liking and Loving Others

Sources of Prejudice

Consequences of Prejudice

Social Psychology in Conflict and Peacemaking

Social Psychology in the Clinic

Social Psychology in Court

Social Psychology and the Sustainable Future

Filters

Exam 8: Altruism: Helping Others

From an evolutionary perspective, it would be most difficult to explain why

Both European Christians who risked their lives to rescue Jews during the Nazi era and civil rights activists of the 1950s report that

According to the text, people in a hurry may be less willing to help because

According to the text, which of the following is a possible explanation for why are people kind to strangers they will never see again?

If victims seem to have created their own problems by laziness or lack of foresight, we are less willing to offer help. Helping responses are thus closely tied to

What we can learn from research suggesting that "service learning" and volunteer programs woven into a school curriculum have been shown to later increase social responsibility and cooperation?

In the experimental studies of bystander non-intervention, researchers have

Altruism is to ___________________ as egoism is to ___________________.

Bystanders increase their helpfulness as they become more

According to Donald Campbell, the reason that humans sometimes demonstrate nonreciprocal altruism toward strangers is that

According to social exchange theory, we use a ___________ strategy in deciding when and whether to help others.

Suzanne, James, William, and Theodore all walk down Wall Street each day and see the same sign requesting donations to an organization that helps poor people. Which of these people is most likely to give a donation?

What is the bystander effect? Discuss the three main circumstances that inhibit bystander intervention.

Moira just won a school lottery fund for $4,000. She is thrilled and is trying to figure out how to spend her money. Which of the following options would be associated with the greatest feelings of happiness and internal reward for Moira?

Circumstances that promote _______________ should also ___________ helping.

Experiments have induced guilt by having people deliver shock, lie, cheat, or destroy property. Such studies consistently show that people who feel guilty

Bystanders will inhibit helping most under which of the following conditions?

According to the text, the social-responsibility norm gets selectively applied according to the following principle:

Melissa sometimes fears that she will be assaulted when she is out alone at night. She makes a small joke and shares a smile with two female strangers while they are all waiting for the elevator in a parking garage late one night. Melissa may realize that

Egoism's ultimate goal is to

Introducing Social Psychology

The Self in a Social World

Social Beliefs and Judgments

Behaviour and Attitudes

Persuasion

Conformity

Group Influence

Aggression: Hurting Others

Attraction and Intimacy: Liking and Loving Others

Sources of Prejudice

Consequences of Prejudice

Social Psychology in Conflict and Peacemaking

Social Psychology in the Clinic

Social Psychology in Court

Social Psychology and the Sustainable Future

Filters

Altruism is to _ as egoism is to _.

Circumstances that promote _____ should also _ helping.