Exam 8: Altruism: Helping Others

The situation is an important factor in understanding altruism. In this way, altruism is like

Batson concluded that genuine empathy-based altruism is part of human nature, and he hopes that inducing empathy can improve

Few findings have been more consistent than the fact that __________ people are helpful people.

To compare helping in different cities and cultures, Levine and his colleagues would accidentally drop a pen, drop magazines while limping with an apparently injured leg, or feign blindness when approaching an intersection as the light turned green. Those dropping a pen in ___________ were, for example, four times more likely to be helped than those doing so in New York City.

Which of the following factors is likely to increase helping behaviour?

After Mr. Walters's neighbour helped him paint his house, Mr. Walters felt obligated to offer to help the neighbour remodel his kitchen. Mr. Walters's sense of obligation most likely resulted from the

Explain the various effects of negative feelings (e.g., guilt, grief, anger) on helping.

Our eagerness to do good after doing bad reflects both our need to reduce __________ guilt and restore our shaken self-image and our desire to reclaim a positive ___________ image.

Which of the following seem to contribute to the fact that people in bigger, more densely populated cities are less likely to help?

The "feel good-do good" effect occurs with ______________.

Lydia lives in Toronto, and constantly sees people "in need" when she walks to and from work. She doesn't often help anyone anymore, as there are just too many people that "need" something. Lydia is most likely experiencing

Explain the relationship between the norm of social responsibility and attributions about those in need of help.

According to the theory of group selection, initially suggested by Darwin,

Foss (1978) found that

Despite ongoing theoretical and empirical debate, research may never show that empathy-based helping is a source of genuine altruism because

The executives of a major corporation contribute to charitable causes only when they are certain their gift will be well publicized, improve their public image, and ultimately translate into increased profits. The corporation's charitable acts are most easily explained in terms of

Gottlieb and Carver (1980) showed that

The ultimate goal of altruism is to ______________, and the ultimate goal of egoism is to ________________.

When Irving Piliavin and his colleagues staged an emergency-a staggering, collapsing man-on 103 subway trips, they found that the victim was promptly offered assistance almost every time, even when he appeared to be drunk rather than disabled. Further research seems to confirm that bystander helpfulness was due to

The act of human interaction with the intent to minimize one's costs and maximize one's rewards defines