Question 1

When Laird and colleagues had students frown and contract their facial muscles in their brow, the students reported

Accepted Answer

A)  feeling happy. 
B)  feeling indifferent. 
C)  feeling angry. 
D)  no changes in their feelings. 
A)  feeling happy. 
B)  feeling indifferent. 
C)  feeling angry. 
D)  no changes in their feelings.

Question 2

Compared to attitudes formed passively, those forged in the fire of experience are more

Accepted Answer

A)  unstable. 
B)  less thoughtful. 
C)  more resistant to attack. 
D)  more difficult to express verbally. 
A)  unstable. 
B)  less thoughtful. 
C)  more resistant to attack. 
D)  more difficult to express verbally.

Question 3

Festinger and Carlsmith had experimental participants perform a dull task but paid them to lie by telling a prospective participant that the task had been enjoyable. Results showed that the participants who were paid _____ came to believe the task had been ________________.

Accepted Answer

A)  $1; tedious and boring 
B)  $1; interesting and enjoyable 
C)  $20; interesting and enjoyable 
D)  $1; frightening 
A)  $1; tedious and boring 
B)  $1; interesting and enjoyable 
C)  $20; interesting and enjoyable 
D)  $1; frightening

Question 4

Research on dissonance theory suggests that the attitudes-follow-behaviour effect is strongest when

Accepted Answer

A)  people have some choice in their behaviour. 
B)  the behaviour has undesirable consequences. 
C)  the person feels they should have foreseen the consequences of their behaviour. 
D)  all of these choices. 
A)  people have some choice in their behaviour. 
B)  the behaviour has undesirable consequences. 
C)  the person feels they should have foreseen the consequences of their behaviour. 
D)  all of these choices.

Question 5

In 1969 social psychologist Allan Wicker completed a review of dozens of research studies with the conclusion that people's stated attitudes expressed _______ of the variation in their behaviours.

Accepted Answer

A)  very little 
B)  about half 
C)  most 
D)  virtually all 
A)  very little 
B)  about half 
C)  most 
D)  virtually all

Question 6

Children seem more likely to internalize their decisions to obey rules when the deterrent they are threatened with is ________ and they are given ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  strong; no choice about how to behave 
B)  mild; no choice about how to behave 
C)  mild; a choice about how to behave 
D)  strong; a reward for obeying the rules 
A)  strong; no choice about how to behave 
B)  mild; no choice about how to behave 
C)  mild; a choice about how to behave 
D)  strong; a reward for obeying the rules

Question 7

Under what conditions is the attitude-follows-behaviour effect the strongest? Describe research examples to support your points.

Accepted Answer

The attitude-follows-behavior effect is

Question 8

Mike has just decided to go to the formal with Chris instead of Margaret. He's thinking about how attractive Chris is, and how Margaret has a really annoying laugh. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  upgrading the chosen alternative. 
B)  downgrading the rejected alternative. 
C)  self-monitoring. 
D)  A and B 
A)  upgrading the chosen alternative. 
B)  downgrading the rejected alternative. 
C)  self-monitoring. 
D)  A and B

Question 9

Susan and her classmates just finished the sex education portion of their health course in junior high school. The information that Susan learned helped her to decide that she doesn't want to engage in casual sexual relations and feels that they are wrong. According to research, her attitude on sexual relationships will lead to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Her attitude will influence her behaviours and she will refrain from casual sex. 
B)  Her attitude is unlikely to influence later behaviours concerning casual sex. 
C)  Her attitude will strengthen over time and cause her to avoid all sexual relationships until she is married. 
D)  She will engage in casual sexual relations and behaviours opposite to her attitude because of cognitive dissonance. 
A)  Her attitude will influence her behaviours and she will refrain from casual sex. 
B)  Her attitude is unlikely to influence later behaviours concerning casual sex. 
C)  Her attitude will strengthen over time and cause her to avoid all sexual relationships until she is married. 
D)  She will engage in casual sexual relations and behaviours opposite to her attitude because of cognitive dissonance.

Question 10

Dissonance is

Accepted Answer

A)  an uncomfortable state of tension. 
B)  a stimulating state of arousal. 
C)  an enjoyable state of uncertainty. 
D)  a frightening state of consistency. 
A)  an uncomfortable state of tension. 
B)  a stimulating state of arousal. 
C)  an enjoyable state of uncertainty. 
D)  a frightening state of consistency.

Question 11

Creating a Canadian identity in children by teaching them to sing O Canada is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  social reinforcement. 
B)  using public conformity to build a private belief. 
C)  low-balling. 
D)  the "birds of a feather flock together" phenomenon. 
A)  social reinforcement. 
B)  using public conformity to build a private belief. 
C)  low-balling. 
D)  the "birds of a feather flock together" phenomenon.

Question 12

Sally has recently started to tease and hurt her sister. If this behaviour continues it is likely that Sally will

Accepted Answer

A)  develop an increasing dislike for her sister. 
B)  experience a loss of personal control. 
C)  show a significant loss of self-esteem. 
D)  fall victim to the overjustification effect. 
A)  develop an increasing dislike for her sister. 
B)  experience a loss of personal control. 
C)  show a significant loss of self-esteem. 
D)  fall victim to the overjustification effect.

Question 13

Attitudes are more potent when

Accepted Answer

A)  they are acquired from our parents. 
B)  they are acquired as a result of direct experience with the attitude object. 
C)  we are not self-conscious about them. 
D)  the attitude is general and the behaviour is specific. 
A)  they are acquired from our parents. 
B)  they are acquired as a result of direct experience with the attitude object. 
C)  we are not self-conscious about them. 
D)  the attitude is general and the behaviour is specific.

Question 14

We experience dissonance when we have

Accepted Answer

A)  made a decision between two equally attractive alternatives. 
B)  acted in ways that are not consistent with previously stated attitudes. 
C)  insufficient justification for performing a costly act. 
D)  all of these choices. 
A)  made a decision between two equally attractive alternatives. 
B)  acted in ways that are not consistent with previously stated attitudes. 
C)  insufficient justification for performing a costly act. 
D)  all of these choices.

Question 15

The effects of an attitude on behaviour become more apparent when we look at a person's average behaviour over time. This fact describes

Accepted Answer

A)  the principle of aggregation. 
B)  regression toward the average. 
C)  the principle of information integration. 
D)  the principle of reciprocal averages. 
A)  the principle of aggregation. 
B)  regression toward the average. 
C)  the principle of information integration. 
D)  the principle of reciprocal averages.

Question 16

Freedman asked young children not to play with an enticing robot toy by threatening some with severe punishment and others with only a mild penalty. Much later the same children had an opportunity to play with the robot again, this time with no threat of punishment. Results showed that the children

Accepted Answer

A)  given the mild deterrent were first to play with the robot. 
B)  given the mild deterrent mostly resisted playing with it. 
C)  who played with the robot later feared being punished. 
D)  previously given the severe threat showed a great deal of anxiety when they neared the robot. 
A)  given the mild deterrent were first to play with the robot. 
B)  given the mild deterrent mostly resisted playing with it. 
C)  who played with the robot later feared being punished. 
D)  previously given the severe threat showed a great deal of anxiety when they neared the robot.

Question 17

Experiments suggest that if you want people to do a big favour for you, one technique is to get them to do a small favour first; this is known as the _________________ technique.

Accepted Answer

A)  insufficient justification 
B)  overjustification 
C)  foot-in-the-door 
D)  door-in-the-face 
A)  insufficient justification 
B)  overjustification 
C)  foot-in-the-door 
D)  door-in-the-face

Question 18

Research by Daniel Batson found that 1 in 20 students felt that assigning themselves a positive task and another participant a dull task was the most moral thing to do. When then given the opportunity to assign tasks,

Accepted Answer

A)  80% assigned themselves the positive task. 
B)  50% assigned themselves the positive task. 
C)  20% assigned themselves the positive task. 
D)  5% assigned themselves the positive task. 
A)  80% assigned themselves the positive task. 
B)  50% assigned themselves the positive task. 
C)  20% assigned themselves the positive task. 
D)  5% assigned themselves the positive task.

Question 19

After Gertrude reluctantly agreed to type her boyfriend's psychology term paper, he told her it might actually be 75 pages long. Gertrude appears to be a potential victim of

Accepted Answer

A)  self-monitoring. 
B)  the low-ball technique. 
C)  the overjustification effect. 
D)  the lure technique. 
A)  self-monitoring. 
B)  the low-ball technique. 
C)  the overjustification effect. 
D)  the lure technique.

Question 20

Intrinsic motivation is when

Accepted Answer

A)  you engage in an activity because you really like it, regardless of whether you get recognized or rewarded for it. 
B)  you engage in an activity for the sake of the prize you could win. 
C)  you engage in an activity for the sake of the reward. 
D)  you engage in an activity because you have been forced into doing it. 
A)  you engage in an activity because you really like it, regardless of whether you get recognized or rewarded for it. 
B)  you engage in an activity for the sake of the prize you could win. 
C)  you engage in an activity for the sake of the reward. 
D)  you engage in an activity because you have been forced into doing it.

When Laird and colleagues had students frown and contract their facial muscles in their brow, the students reported

Compared to attitudes formed passively, those forged in the fire of experience are more

Festinger and Carlsmith had experimental participants perform a dull task but paid them to lie by telling a prospective participant that the task had been enjoyable. Results showed that the participants who were paid _ came to believe the task had been ____________.

Research on dissonance theory suggests that the attitudes-follow-behaviour effect is strongest when

In 1969 social psychologist Allan Wicker completed a review of dozens of research studies with the conclusion that people's stated attitudes expressed _______ of the variation in their behaviours.

Children seem more likely to internalize their decisions to obey rules when the deterrent they are threatened with is and they are given .

Under what conditions is the attitude-follows-behaviour effect the strongest? Describe research examples to support your points.

Mike has just decided to go to the formal with Chris instead of Margaret. He's thinking about how attractive Chris is, and how Margaret has a really annoying laugh. This is an example of

Dissonance is

Creating a Canadian identity in children by teaching them to sing O Canada is an example of

Sally has recently started to tease and hurt her sister. If this behaviour continues it is likely that Sally will

Attitudes are more potent when

We experience dissonance when we have

The effects of an attitude on behaviour become more apparent when we look at a person's average behaviour over time. This fact describes

Freedman asked young children not to play with an enticing robot toy by threatening some with severe punishment and others with only a mild penalty. Much later the same children had an opportunity to play with the robot again, this time with no threat of punishment. Results showed that the children

Experiments suggest that if you want people to do a big favour for you, one technique is to get them to do a small favour first; this is known as the _________________ technique.

Research by Daniel Batson found that 1 in 20 students felt that assigning themselves a positive task and another participant a dull task was the most moral thing to do. When then given the opportunity to assign tasks,

After Gertrude reluctantly agreed to type her boyfriend's psychology term paper, he told her it might actually be 75 pages long. Gertrude appears to be a potential victim of

Intrinsic motivation is when

Introducing Social Psychology

The Self in a Social World

Social Beliefs and Judgments

Persuasion

Conformity

Group Influence

Altruism: Helping Others

Aggression: Hurting Others

Attraction and Intimacy: Liking and Loving Others

Sources of Prejudice

Consequences of Prejudice

Social Psychology in Conflict and Peacemaking

Social Psychology in the Clinic

Social Psychology in Court

Social Psychology and the Sustainable Future

Filters

Exam 4: Behaviour and Attitudes

When Laird and colleagues had students frown and contract their facial muscles in their brow, the students reported

Compared to attitudes formed passively, those forged in the fire of experience are more

Festinger and Carlsmith had experimental participants perform a dull task but paid them to lie by telling a prospective participant that the task had been enjoyable. Results showed that the participants who were paid _____ came to believe the task had been ________________.

Research on dissonance theory suggests that the attitudes-follow-behaviour effect is strongest when

In 1969 social psychologist Allan Wicker completed a review of dozens of research studies with the conclusion that people's stated attitudes expressed _______ of the variation in their behaviours.

Children seem more likely to internalize their decisions to obey rules when the deterrent they are threatened with is ________ and they are given ________.

Under what conditions is the attitude-follows-behaviour effect the strongest? Describe research examples to support your points.

Mike has just decided to go to the formal with Chris instead of Margaret. He's thinking about how attractive Chris is, and how Margaret has a really annoying laugh. This is an example of

Dissonance is

Creating a Canadian identity in children by teaching them to sing O Canada is an example of

Sally has recently started to tease and hurt her sister. If this behaviour continues it is likely that Sally will

Attitudes are more potent when

We experience dissonance when we have

The effects of an attitude on behaviour become more apparent when we look at a person's average behaviour over time. This fact describes

Freedman asked young children not to play with an enticing robot toy by threatening some with severe punishment and others with only a mild penalty. Much later the same children had an opportunity to play with the robot again, this time with no threat of punishment. Results showed that the children

Experiments suggest that if you want people to do a big favour for you, one technique is to get them to do a small favour first; this is known as the _________________ technique.

Research by Daniel Batson found that 1 in 20 students felt that assigning themselves a positive task and another participant a dull task was the most moral thing to do. When then given the opportunity to assign tasks,

After Gertrude reluctantly agreed to type her boyfriend's psychology term paper, he told her it might actually be 75 pages long. Gertrude appears to be a potential victim of

Intrinsic motivation is when

Introducing Social Psychology

The Self in a Social World

Social Beliefs and Judgments

Persuasion

Conformity

Group Influence

Altruism: Helping Others

Aggression: Hurting Others

Attraction and Intimacy: Liking and Loving Others

Sources of Prejudice

Consequences of Prejudice

Social Psychology in Conflict and Peacemaking

Social Psychology in the Clinic

Social Psychology in Court

Social Psychology and the Sustainable Future

Filters

Festinger and Carlsmith had experimental participants perform a dull task but paid them to lie by telling a prospective participant that the task had been enjoyable. Results showed that the participants who were paid _ came to believe the task had been ____________.

Children seem more likely to internalize their decisions to obey rules when the deterrent they are threatened with is and they are given .