Question 1

This infection occurs secondary to influenza A virus, has a high mortality rate, and occurs among the infants and immunocompromised patients.

Accepted Answer

A)  Gangrene 
B)  Staphylococcal pneumonia 
C)  Staphylococcal meningitis 
D)  Staphylococcal peritonitis 
A)  Gangrene 
B)  Staphylococcal pneumonia 
C)  Staphylococcal meningitis 
D)  Staphylococcal peritonitis B

Question 2

Staphylococcal enterotoxin B is linked to

Accepted Answer

A)  carbuncles. 
B)  staphylococcal pseudomembranous enterocolitis. 
C)  middle ear infections. 
D)  pneumonia. 
A)  carbuncles. 
B)  staphylococcal pseudomembranous enterocolitis. 
C)  middle ear infections. 
D)  pneumonia. B

Question 3

The development of staphylococcal infection is determined by

Accepted Answer

A)  virulence of the strain. 
B)  size of the inoculum. 
C)  status of host's immune system. 
D)  All of the above 
A)  virulence of the strain. 
B)  size of the inoculum. 
C)  status of host's immune system. 
D)  All of the above D

Question 4

The presence of mecA indicates

Accepted Answer

A)  Staphylococcus epidermidis. 
B)  sensitivity to tetracycline. 
C)  resistance to methicillin. 
D)  vancomycin resistance. 
A)  Staphylococcus epidermidis. 
B)  sensitivity to tetracycline. 
C)  resistance to methicillin. 
D)  vancomycin resistance.

Question 5

The primary reservoir for staphylococci is

Accepted Answer

A)  ears. 
B)  mouth. 
C)  nares. 
D)  throat. 
A)  ears. 
B)  mouth. 
C)  nares. 
D)  throat.

Question 6

Later in the evening, after attending a family reunion, several family members went to the emergency department after experiencing nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and severe cramping. The menu included fried chicken, hot dogs, hamburgers, potato salad, deviled eggs, éclairs, and cheesecake. The symptoms appeared about 4 hours after eating. What is the most probable explanation for these symptoms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Staphylococcal food poisoning 
B)  TSS 
C)  Toxic epidermal necrolysis 
D)  Scalded skin syndrome 
A)  Staphylococcal food poisoning 
B)  TSS 
C)  Toxic epidermal necrolysis 
D)  Scalded skin syndrome

Question 7

What are the staphylococcal products that cause diarrhea and vomiting in humans?

Accepted Answer

A)  Enterotoxins 
B)  Endotoxins 
C)  Cytolytic toxins 
D)  Protein A 
A)  Enterotoxins 
B)  Endotoxins 
C)  Cytolytic toxins 
D)  Protein A

Question 8

Staphylococci are catalase-positive, gram-positive cocci that resemble other bacteria and are members of this family.

Accepted Answer

A)  Micrococcaceae 
B)  Staphylococcaceae 
C)  Streptococcaceae 
D)  Enterococcus 
A)  Micrococcaceae 
B)  Staphylococcaceae 
C)  Streptococcaceae 
D)  Enterococcus

Question 9

Colony characteristics for Staphylococcus aureus on blood agar after 18 to 24 hours incubation at 35° C include all the following, except

Accepted Answer

A)  swarming. 
B)  smooth. 
C)  white. 
D)  round. 
A)  swarming. 
B)  smooth. 
C)  white. 
D)  round.

Question 10

This staphylococcal species is associated with urinary tract infections in young, sexually active females.

Accepted Answer

A)  Staphylococcus aureus 
B)  S. intermedius 
C)  S. epidermidis 
D)  S. saprophyticus 
A)  Staphylococcus aureus 
B)  S. intermedius 
C)  S. epidermidis 
D)  S. saprophyticus

Question 11

Staphylococci resist the action of inflammatory cells by the production of toxins and enzymes, thereby establishing

Accepted Answer

A)  a focal lesion. 
B)  infection disease. 
C)  TSS. 
D)  scalded skin syndrome. 
A)  a focal lesion. 
B)  infection disease. 
C)  TSS. 
D)  scalded skin syndrome.

Question 12

This is a rare but potentially fatal multisystem disease characterized by high fever, hypotension, and shock, and it is associated with highly absorbent tampons.

Accepted Answer

A)  Toxic epidermal necrolysis 
B)  Scalded skin syndrome 
C)  Bullous impetigo 
D)  TSS 
A)  Toxic epidermal necrolysis 
B)  Scalded skin syndrome 
C)  Bullous impetigo 
D)  TSS

Question 13

What are the effects of the $\alpha$-hemolysin produced by Staphylococcus aureus?

Accepted Answer

A)  It acts on sphingomyelin in the plasma membrane of red blood cells. 
B)  It kills polymorphonuclear leukocytes. 
C)  It kills macrophages. 
D)  It lyses red blood cells, damages platelets and macrophages, and can cause severe tissue damage. 
A)  It acts on sphingomyelin in the plasma membrane of red blood cells. 
B)  It kills polymorphonuclear leukocytes. 
C)  It kills macrophages. 
D)  It lyses red blood cells, damages platelets and macrophages, and can cause severe tissue damage.

Question 14

Infections by this organism are predominantly hospital acquired, and some predisposing factors include catheterization, medical implantation, and immunosuppressive therapy.

Accepted Answer

A)  Staphylococcus aureus 
B)  S. intermedius 
C)  S. epidermidis 
D)  S. saprophyticus 
A)  Staphylococcus aureus 
B)  S. intermedius 
C)  S. epidermidis 
D)  S. saprophyticus

Question 15

All of the following enzymes are produced by staphylococci, except

Accepted Answer

A)  lipase. 
B)  hyaluronidase. 
C)  amylase. 
D)  protease. 
A)  lipase. 
B)  hyaluronidase. 
C)  amylase. 
D)  protease.

Question 16

What antimicrobial agent is used for detection of methicillin resistance?

Accepted Answer

A)  Penicillin 
B)  Methicillin 
C)  Erythromycin 
D)  Oxacillin 
A)  Penicillin 
B)  Methicillin 
C)  Erythromycin 
D)  Oxacillin

Question 17

All of the following is used to describe the colony morphology of Staphylococcus epidermidis, except

Accepted Answer

A)  white. 
B)  $\beta$-hemolytic. 
C)  nonhemolytic. 
D)  small to medium. 
A)  white. 
B)  $\beta$-hemolytic. 
C)  nonhemolytic. 
D)  small to medium.

Question 18

A 20-year-old woman goes to her physician complaining of burning upon urination, frequency, and general malaise. Her physician orders a urine culture, which grew 25,000 colony-forming units (CFU)/mL of a catalase-positive, coagulase-negative, novobiocin-resistant gram-positive coccus. What is the most likely pathogen?

Accepted Answer

A)  Staphylococcus epidermidis 
B)  S. haemolyticus 
C)  S. intermedius 
D)  S. saprophyticus 
A)  Staphylococcus epidermidis 
B)  S. haemolyticus 
C)  S. intermedius 
D)  S. saprophyticus

Question 19

This disease is an extensive exfoliative dermatitis caused by staphylococcal exfoliative toxin.

Accepted Answer

A)  Bullous impetigo 
B)  Folliculitis 
C)  Ritter's disease 
D)  TSS 
A)  Bullous impetigo 
B)  Folliculitis 
C)  Ritter's disease 
D)  TSS

Question 20

Infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus are suppurative, meaning

Accepted Answer

A)  these infections ooze lymph fluid. 
B)  the infection is filled with pus and necrotic tissues. 
C)  the acute inflammatory response gorges the area with red blood cells. 
D)  the toxins activate the coagulation system, which isolates the infection. 
A)  these infections ooze lymph fluid. 
B)  the infection is filled with pus and necrotic tissues. 
C)  the acute inflammatory response gorges the area with red blood cells. 
D)  the toxins activate the coagulation system, which isolates the infection.

Exam 14: Staphylococci

This infection occurs secondary to influenza A virus, has a high mortality rate, and occurs among the infants and immunocompromised patients.

Staphylococcal enterotoxin B is linked to

The development of staphylococcal infection is determined by

The presence of mecA indicates

The primary reservoir for staphylococci is

What are the staphylococcal products that cause diarrhea and vomiting in humans?

Staphylococci are catalase-positive, gram-positive cocci that resemble other bacteria and are members of this family.

Colony characteristics for Staphylococcus aureus on blood agar after 18 to 24 hours incubation at 35° C include all the following, except

This staphylococcal species is associated with urinary tract infections in young, sexually active females.

Staphylococci resist the action of inflammatory cells by the production of toxins and enzymes, thereby establishing

This is a rare but potentially fatal multisystem disease characterized by high fever, hypotension, and shock, and it is associated with highly absorbent tampons.

What are the effects of the α\alphaα -hemolysin produced by Staphylococcus aureus?

Infections by this organism are predominantly hospital acquired, and some predisposing factors include catheterization, medical implantation, and immunosuppressive therapy.

All of the following enzymes are produced by staphylococci, except

What antimicrobial agent is used for detection of methicillin resistance?

All of the following is used to describe the colony morphology of Staphylococcus epidermidis, except

This disease is an extensive exfoliative dermatitis caused by staphylococcal exfoliative toxin.

Infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus are suppurative, meaning

Bacterial Cell Structure, Physiology, Metabolism, and Genetics

Hostparasite Interaction

The Laboratory Role in Infection Control

Control of Microorganisms

Performance Improvement in the Microbiology Laboratory

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Microscopic Examination of Materials From Infected Sites

Use of Colony Morphology for the Presumptive Identification of Microorganisms

Biochemical Identification of Gram-Negative Bacteria

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What are the effects of the $\alpha$ -hemolysin produced by Staphylococcus aureus?