Question 1

A key factor in justifying our biases is whether we believe an individual has:

Accepted Answer

A)  used the prejudice directed at them for personal gain. 
B)  been discriminated against in the past. 
C)  control over his or her situation. 
D)  a likable personality. 
E)  all of these factors. 
A)  used the prejudice directed at them for personal gain. 
B)  been discriminated against in the past. 
C)  control over his or her situation. 
D)  a likable personality. 
E)  all of these factors. C

Question 2

Suppose Fred and Margaret are both being persuaded about the best way to repair lawnmowers and the best way to choose paint colors to decorate a kitchen. Based on the recent work by Sistrunk and McDavid, you would expect:

Accepted Answer

A)  Fred to be more persuaded about mower repair and Margaret about decorating. 
B)  Margaret to be more persuaded about mower repair and Fred about decorating. 
C)  Fred to be more persuaded about mower repair and decorating. 
D)  Margaret to be more persuaded about mower repair and decorating. 
A)  Fred to be more persuaded about mower repair and Margaret about decorating. 
B)  Margaret to be more persuaded about mower repair and Fred about decorating. 
C)  Fred to be more persuaded about mower repair and decorating. 
D)  Margaret to be more persuaded about mower repair and decorating. B

Question 3

Attribution theory is most concerned with explaining the:

Accepted Answer

A)  tendency of people to make inferences about the causes of behavior. 
B)  tendency people have to make stereotypic statements about minority group members. 
C)  tendency people have to derogate themselves. 
D)  tendency people have to look for situational explanations for the behavior of others. 
A)  tendency of people to make inferences about the causes of behavior. 
B)  tendency people have to make stereotypic statements about minority group members. 
C)  tendency people have to derogate themselves. 
D)  tendency people have to look for situational explanations for the behavior of others. A

Question 4

The subject in Sherif 's study of two groups, the "Eagles" and the "Rattlers" were:

Accepted Answer

A)  college students who volunteered to participate for extra credit. 
B)  normal 11-12 year old Boy Scouts. 
C)  male college students. 
D)  men age 24-27 from various occupations who volunteered to participate for money. 
A)  college students who volunteered to participate for extra credit. 
B)  normal 11-12 year old Boy Scouts. 
C)  male college students. 
D)  men age 24-27 from various occupations who volunteered to participate for money.

Question 5

Research on the self-fulfilling prophecy conducted by Mark Snyder and his colleagues has revealed that:

Accepted Answer

A)  women are more likely than men to be influenced by others' beliefs about them. 
B)  introverts are less likely than extroverts to test their hypotheses about other people. 
C)  the nature of the question that a person is asked can play a part in determining their response. 
D)  when people are offered large rewards for being correct, they are less likely to use a biased strategy in testing their hypotheses about others. 
A)  women are more likely than men to be influenced by others' beliefs about them. 
B)  introverts are less likely than extroverts to test their hypotheses about other people. 
C)  the nature of the question that a person is asked can play a part in determining their response. 
D)  when people are offered large rewards for being correct, they are less likely to use a biased strategy in testing their hypotheses about others.

Question 6

Steele and Aronson administered the verbal portion of the GRE to black and white students, telling them either that the test was measuring their intellectual ability or that it had nothing to do with their intellectual ability. The results of this study revealed that:

Accepted Answer

A)  in general, students performed better when they thought the test was important, regardless of race. 
B)  in general, students performed better when they thought the test was not important, regardless of race. 
C)  black students did better than white, when they thought the test was important, but worse when they thought it was not important. 
D)  white students performed equally well in both situations, but black students were highly affected by the way the test was described. 
A)  in general, students performed better when they thought the test was important, regardless of race. 
B)  in general, students performed better when they thought the test was not important, regardless of race. 
C)  black students did better than white, when they thought the test was important, but worse when they thought it was not important. 
D)  white students performed equally well in both situations, but black students were highly affected by the way the test was described.

Question 7

Which of the following is probably NOT a major cause of prejudice as discussed by Aronson?

Accepted Answer

A)  personality needs, such as authoritarianism 
B)  economic or political competition 
C)  scapegoating-the displacement of aggression 
D)  one's racial background 
A)  personality needs, such as authoritarianism 
B)  economic or political competition 
C)  scapegoating-the displacement of aggression 
D)  one's racial background

Question 8

Believing that the world is a "just place" tends to:

Accepted Answer

A)  create a more just world by inducing the person to treat others as responsible for their own outcomes. 
B)  create a more just world by reducing prejudiced beliefs and attitudes. 
C)  create a less just world by leading the person to derogate those who have received bad outcomes through no fault of their own. 
D)  create a more just world by committing the person to the belief that it is. 
A)  create a more just world by inducing the person to treat others as responsible for their own outcomes. 
B)  create a more just world by reducing prejudiced beliefs and attitudes. 
C)  create a less just world by leading the person to derogate those who have received bad outcomes through no fault of their own. 
D)  create a more just world by committing the person to the belief that it is.

Question 9

Consider Aronson and Mill's work on the effects of initiation on the liking of a group from Chapter 5 (Self-justification). Explain the effects and argue whether they should be published in your college newspaper so that all campus groups, social groups, athletic teams and academic clubs would be armed with the knowledge of how to structure their initiation to be the most effective at getting people to like their group. Should they be published in the school newspaper? Why or why not? Should Sherif's work with kids at a summer camp also be included in the article? Why or why not? Be sure to fully explain your reasoning.

Accepted Answer

Aronson and Mill's work on the effects o

Question 10

The year is 1954, and the Supreme Court has just made its ruling in the case of Brown v. the Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas. Desegregation of the schools will proceed. You've been called upon to provide expert social-psychological testimony on how best to implement desegregation. What specific advice would you give policy-makers? What factors should they consider in planning desegregation efforts so that the expected positive outcomes are more likely to occur? Cite research to support your recommendations.

Accepted Answer

As an expert in social psychology, I wou

Question 11

Frey and Gaertner, in a study involving prejudice and helping, found that:

Accepted Answer

A)  whites, wishing to look "open-minded," were actually more willing to help a black than a white person. 
B)  whites discriminated against a black person only when such discrimination could be easily rationalized. 
C)  whites and blacks discriminate against each other equally. 
D)  whites discriminated against blacks when their self-esteem was threatened. 
A)  whites, wishing to look "open-minded," were actually more willing to help a black than a white person. 
B)  whites discriminated against a black person only when such discrimination could be easily rationalized. 
C)  whites and blacks discriminate against each other equally. 
D)  whites discriminated against blacks when their self-esteem was threatened.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic typical of an "authoritarian personality"?

Accepted Answer

A)  conventional values 
B)  low respect for authority 
C)  intolerant of weaknesses 
D)  rigidity of beliefs 
A)  conventional values 
B)  low respect for authority 
C)  intolerant of weaknesses 
D)  rigidity of beliefs

Question 13

Briefly describe the features of the "jigsaw" classroom by comparing it to the way classrooms traditionally operate. What are the principles underlying the jigsaw technique that promote positive outcomes for students? How is the jigsaw technique related to the development of empathy?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

Accepted Answer

The "jigsaw" classroom is a teaching tec

Question 14

In general, early efforts to desegregate the schools resulted in:

Accepted Answer

A)  an increase in the self-esteem of minority children, but a surprising decrease in the self-esteem of nonminority children. 
B)  an unanticipated decrease in the self-esteem of minority children. 
C)  reduced prejudice among minority children, but not among nonminority children. 
D)  better academic performance among nonminority children. 
A)  an increase in the self-esteem of minority children, but a surprising decrease in the self-esteem of nonminority children. 
B)  an unanticipated decrease in the self-esteem of minority children. 
C)  reduced prejudice among minority children, but not among nonminority children. 
D)  better academic performance among nonminority children.

Question 15

What did Correll and his associates find in their research into police officers who confront white and black suspects?

Accepted Answer

A)  Black and white subjects were quicker to shoot at armed black suspects than armed white suspects. 
B)  Subjects were able to quickly distinguish when suspects were holding a cell phone instead of a gun. 
C)  Only white subjects showed different responses based on the skin color of the suspects. 
D)  Time of day was the major factor that impacted subjects' responses. 
A)  Black and white subjects were quicker to shoot at armed black suspects than armed white suspects. 
B)  Subjects were able to quickly distinguish when suspects were holding a cell phone instead of a gun. 
C)  Only white subjects showed different responses based on the skin color of the suspects. 
D)  Time of day was the major factor that impacted subjects' responses.

Question 16

Which of the following is an interesting result seen in an experiment by Duncan in which viewers watched a film of a black man and a white man arguing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Women subjects reported that both men seemed to be violent, regardless of the man's skin color. 
B)  Black subjects uniformly reported that the black man in the film was "right" in the argument. 
C)  Both black and white subjects judged the black man in the film to be the more violent of the two. 
D)  All of these results were reported in the research. 
A)  Women subjects reported that both men seemed to be violent, regardless of the man's skin color. 
B)  Black subjects uniformly reported that the black man in the film was "right" in the argument. 
C)  Both black and white subjects judged the black man in the film to be the more violent of the two. 
D)  All of these results were reported in the research.

Question 17

Aronson's argument that "stateways change folkways" is based primarily on:

Accepted Answer

A)  reactance theory. 
B)  the "just world" hypothesis. 
C)  conformity pressures. 
D)  the theory of cognitive dissonance. 
A)  reactance theory. 
B)  the "just world" hypothesis. 
C)  conformity pressures. 
D)  the theory of cognitive dissonance.

Question 18

In an experiment by Harber, white college students read and evaluate poorly written essays supposedly written by other students enrolled in a writing workshop. Half of the students believed the writer was black while the other half believed the writer was white. They found the evaluators:

Accepted Answer

A)  said positive things about the subjective content (but not the objective mechanics) of the black writer's essays. 
B)  said negative things about the subjective content (and the objective mechanics) of the black writer's essays. 
C)  said positive things about the subjective content (but not the objective mechanics) of the white writer's essays. 
D)  said negative things about the subjective content (and the objective mechanics) of the white writer's essays. 
A)  said positive things about the subjective content (but not the objective mechanics) of the black writer's essays. 
B)  said negative things about the subjective content (and the objective mechanics) of the black writer's essays. 
C)  said positive things about the subjective content (but not the objective mechanics) of the white writer's essays. 
D)  said negative things about the subjective content (and the objective mechanics) of the white writer's essays.

Question 19

Suppose you know a black person who feels that he is the victim of sexual discrimination and prejudice. According to experimental data, which of the following strategies will be effective in reducing this prejudice?

Accepted Answer

A)  competing more aggressively with whites for economic and political power 
B)  creating counter-stereotypes aimed at the prejudiced group, such as "whitey" 
C)  drawing together with other blacks into highly cohesive groups which do not include whites 
D)  working interdependently with white people in situations which allow both an equal status 
A)  competing more aggressively with whites for economic and political power 
B)  creating counter-stereotypes aimed at the prejudiced group, such as "whitey" 
C)  drawing together with other blacks into highly cohesive groups which do not include whites 
D)  working interdependently with white people in situations which allow both an equal status

Question 20

According to research cited in The Social Animal, whites in South Africa falsely believed that blacks committed the vast majority of the crimes because of:

Accepted Answer

A)  greater media exposure of violent crimes being committed by blacks against whites. 
B)  the small numbers of blacks on the police forces. 
C)  the institutionalized social norm forbid white convicts from working in public. 
D)  poverty that most blacks experienced in South Africa. 
A)  greater media exposure of violent crimes being committed by blacks against whites. 
B)  the small numbers of blacks on the police forces. 
C)  the institutionalized social norm forbid white convicts from working in public. 
D)  poverty that most blacks experienced in South Africa.

Exam 7: Prejudice

A key factor in justifying our biases is whether we believe an individual has:

Suppose Fred and Margaret are both being persuaded about the best way to repair lawnmowers and the best way to choose paint colors to decorate a kitchen. Based on the recent work by Sistrunk and McDavid, you would expect:

Attribution theory is most concerned with explaining the:

The subject in Sherif 's study of two groups, the "Eagles" and the "Rattlers" were:

Research on the self-fulfilling prophecy conducted by Mark Snyder and his colleagues has revealed that:

Steele and Aronson administered the verbal portion of the GRE to black and white students, telling them either that the test was measuring their intellectual ability or that it had nothing to do with their intellectual ability. The results of this study revealed that:

Which of the following is probably NOT a major cause of prejudice as discussed by Aronson?

Believing that the world is a "just place" tends to:

Frey and Gaertner, in a study involving prejudice and helping, found that:

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic typical of an "authoritarian personality"?

In general, early efforts to desegregate the schools resulted in:

What did Correll and his associates find in their research into police officers who confront white and black suspects?

Which of the following is an interesting result seen in an experiment by Duncan in which viewers watched a film of a black man and a white man arguing?

Aronson's argument that "stateways change folkways" is based primarily on:

In an experiment by Harber, white college students read and evaluate poorly written essays supposedly written by other students enrolled in a writing workshop. Half of the students believed the writer was black while the other half believed the writer was white. They found the evaluators:

Suppose you know a black person who feels that he is the victim of sexual discrimination and prejudice. According to experimental data, which of the following strategies will be effective in reducing this prejudice?

According to research cited in The Social Animal, whites in South Africa falsely believed that blacks committed the vast majority of the crimes because of:

What Is Social Psychology

Social Cognition and Emotion

Conformity

Mass Communication, Propaganda, and Persuasion

Self-Justification

Aggression

Liking, Loving, and Interpersonal Sensitivity

Social Psychology As a Science

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