Question 1

One example of dimensional classification would be using questionnaires to give people a certain score on a certain criterion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

A defense of retaining some aspects of the medical model is provided by Wakefield (1992), who states:

Accepted Answer

A)  some physical illnesses are diagnosed on the basis of associated dysfunction alone; in the future we will acquire more knowledge about physical correlates of mental disorders. 
B)  psychological symptoms invariably have physical processes which are causal. 
C)  decisions to intervene or not must be made on a categorical basis; serious mental illness requires professionals to think like doctors. 
D)  reliability will be improved by focusing on the underlying physical processes responsible for mental disorders. 
E)  at this point the most effective interventions are pharmacological. 
A)  some physical illnesses are diagnosed on the basis of associated dysfunction alone; in the future we will acquire more knowledge about physical correlates of mental disorders. 
B)  psychological symptoms invariably have physical processes which are causal. 
C)  decisions to intervene or not must be made on a categorical basis; serious mental illness requires professionals to think like doctors. 
D)  reliability will be improved by focusing on the underlying physical processes responsible for mental disorders. 
E)  at this point the most effective interventions are pharmacological.

Question 3

Elma is from the Philippines, and she claims that she sees the spirits of the dead on different occasions, as do other individuals in her culture. It would be important to consider culture in this diagnosis because she could be suffering from

Accepted Answer

A)  nothing - these beliefs could be normal in this culture. 
B)  schizophrenia disorder. 
C)  hauntings. 
D)  some type of psychosis. 
E)  the use of hallucinogens. 
A)  nothing - these beliefs could be normal in this culture. 
B)  schizophrenia disorder. 
C)  hauntings. 
D)  some type of psychosis. 
E)  the use of hallucinogens.

Question 4

Personality disorders in the DSM are particularly problematic for women because

Accepted Answer

A)  it is more difficult to be a woman in society than it is to be a man. 
B)  women are seen as having more flawed personalities than men. 
C)  if women have a psychological problem, it is seen as part of their personality. 
D)  gender stereotypes are associated with many of the personality disorders. 
E)  more and more women are being diagnosed with traditionally "masculine" personality disorders. 
A)  it is more difficult to be a woman in society than it is to be a man. 
B)  women are seen as having more flawed personalities than men. 
C)  if women have a psychological problem, it is seen as part of their personality. 
D)  gender stereotypes are associated with many of the personality disorders. 
E)  more and more women are being diagnosed with traditionally "masculine" personality disorders.

Question 5

Which of the following is a problem with the categorical approach to the classification of mental disorders?

Accepted Answer

A)  It relies to heavily on a dimensional rating of severity. 
B)  If a client falls short of the required criteria for a disorder, they may be denied treatment. 
C)  A lot of people are not impaired in their functioning even if they meet the categorical cut off for a diagnosis. 
D)  There are not enough categories to accurately capture all the possible disorders. 
E)  There are no problems with the categorical approach of mental disorders. 
A)  It relies to heavily on a dimensional rating of severity. 
B)  If a client falls short of the required criteria for a disorder, they may be denied treatment. 
C)  A lot of people are not impaired in their functioning even if they meet the categorical cut off for a diagnosis. 
D)  There are not enough categories to accurately capture all the possible disorders. 
E)  There are no problems with the categorical approach of mental disorders.

Question 6

Sarah suffers from social anxiety disorder, which causes her to feel depressed, lethargic, and hopeless. Recently, she has also been diagnosed with depression. This occurrence is referred to as __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  multiple disorders 
B)  co-occurrence 
C)  double diagnosis 
D)  comorbidity 
E)  dissociative disorders 
A)  multiple disorders 
B)  co-occurrence 
C)  double diagnosis 
D)  comorbidity 
E)  dissociative disorders

Question 7

The beginning of a modern system of classifying disorders can be attributed to

Accepted Answer

A)  the American Psychological Association. 
B)  the Canadian Psychological Association. 
C)  DSM-I 
D)  the World Health Organization. 
E)  the American Psychiatric Association. 
A)  the American Psychological Association. 
B)  the Canadian Psychological Association. 
C)  DSM-I 
D)  the World Health Organization. 
E)  the American Psychiatric Association.

Question 8

The text suggests that our current classification is categorical because

Accepted Answer

A)  it is based on the medical model and a categorical approach to physical diseases. 
B)  categorical systems have better predictive validity than do dimensional systems. 
C)  dimensional systems are not amenable to empirical study. 
D)  decisions to intervene in mental disorders are usually categorical. 
E)  symptom counts are related to outcome variables in a linear manner. 
A)  it is based on the medical model and a categorical approach to physical diseases. 
B)  categorical systems have better predictive validity than do dimensional systems. 
C)  dimensional systems are not amenable to empirical study. 
D)  decisions to intervene in mental disorders are usually categorical. 
E)  symptom counts are related to outcome variables in a linear manner.

Question 9

Learning disorders usually become apparent

Accepted Answer

A)  during adolescence. 
B)  during childhood. 
C)  after psychological testing shows children to be learning disabled. 
D)  after age 18, because children learn at such different rates. 
E)  during the first few weeks of life. 
A)  during adolescence. 
B)  during childhood. 
C)  after psychological testing shows children to be learning disabled. 
D)  after age 18, because children learn at such different rates. 
E)  during the first few weeks of life.

Question 10

Regardless of the diagnostic system used, it is relatively common that an individual will meet the criteria for more than one disorder.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Rosenhan's (1973) study of pseudo-patients in psychiatric hospitals illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  that diagnosis can be influenced, if not determined by choice of assessment measures. 
B)  that behaviour is misinterpreted when seen through the lens of a psychiatric diagnosis. 
C)  that hallucinations can be shaped by the questions of the interviewing clinician. 
D)  why structured interviews are preferred over unstructured ones. 
E)  that failure to make a diagnosis can have serious consequences. 
A)  that diagnosis can be influenced, if not determined by choice of assessment measures. 
B)  that behaviour is misinterpreted when seen through the lens of a psychiatric diagnosis. 
C)  that hallucinations can be shaped by the questions of the interviewing clinician. 
D)  why structured interviews are preferred over unstructured ones. 
E)  that failure to make a diagnosis can have serious consequences.

Question 12

Which of the following is true regarding hoarding disorder in DSM-5?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hoarding disorder is now recognized as an anxiety disorder. 
B)  Hoarding disorder is listed as a condition requiring further study. 
C)  Hoarding disorder is listed as a subtype of obsessive-compulsive disorder. 
D)  Hoarding disorder was included based on strong scientific evidence that it is an independent disorder. 
E)  Hoarding disorder is listed as an impulse control disorder. 
A)  Hoarding disorder is now recognized as an anxiety disorder. 
B)  Hoarding disorder is listed as a condition requiring further study. 
C)  Hoarding disorder is listed as a subtype of obsessive-compulsive disorder. 
D)  Hoarding disorder was included based on strong scientific evidence that it is an independent disorder. 
E)  Hoarding disorder is listed as an impulse control disorder.

Question 13

Rachel is a secretary at a large law firm, where she is treated with a lack of respect, then she goes home to her husband and children where she has to cook and clean while her husband watches T.V. Recently, Rachel was given antidepressants to treat her feelings of sadness and lack of self-worth. The most likely criticism of Rachel's diagnosis of depression would be

Accepted Answer

A)  most women become depressed, so Rachel should not necessarily receive this diagnosis. 
B)  normal female behaviour is being medicalized. 
C)  Rachel is more likely suffering from generalized anxiety disorder. 
D)  anti-depressants are not the best method to treat depression. 
E)  Rachel is facing many difficulties--perhaps changes in her life would remedy the situation. 
A)  most women become depressed, so Rachel should not necessarily receive this diagnosis. 
B)  normal female behaviour is being medicalized. 
C)  Rachel is more likely suffering from generalized anxiety disorder. 
D)  anti-depressants are not the best method to treat depression. 
E)  Rachel is facing many difficulties--perhaps changes in her life would remedy the situation.

Question 14

DSM-III was a better attempt at classification than were earlier systems because it

Accepted Answer

A)  took on a dimensional as opposed to a categorical approach. 
B)  it focused more strongly on the theoretical causes of various mental disorders. 
C)  was less rigid than previous approaches. 
D)  was informed by field trials. 
E)  it promoted a behavioural rather than a psychodynamic theoretical orientation. 
A)  took on a dimensional as opposed to a categorical approach. 
B)  it focused more strongly on the theoretical causes of various mental disorders. 
C)  was less rigid than previous approaches. 
D)  was informed by field trials. 
E)  it promoted a behavioural rather than a psychodynamic theoretical orientation.

Question 15

Why has it been proposed that a dimensional approach to classification should be adopted in the DSM?

Accepted Answer

A)  People who need help may not be receiving it because they fall short of diagnostic criteria. 
B)  There are too few categories to cover every possible disorder. 
C)  Either people have a mental disorder or they do not. 
D)  Stigmatization occurs far too often when people are categorized. 
E)  Clinicians would find it much easier to agree on who should receive a diagnosis and who should not. 
A)  People who need help may not be receiving it because they fall short of diagnostic criteria. 
B)  There are too few categories to cover every possible disorder. 
C)  Either people have a mental disorder or they do not. 
D)  Stigmatization occurs far too often when people are categorized. 
E)  Clinicians would find it much easier to agree on who should receive a diagnosis and who should not.

Question 16

The International Statistical Classification of Diseases, Injuries, and Causes of Death (ICD),

Accepted Answer

A)  was and still is highly influenced by psychoanalytic theory. 
B)  is widely used in North America to diagnosis mental disorders. 
C)  was developed by the APA to classify abnormal behaviour. 
D)  is used mainly by physicians, while the DSM is used by psychologists. 
E)  is a listing of all diseases and mental disorders. 
A)  was and still is highly influenced by psychoanalytic theory. 
B)  is widely used in North America to diagnosis mental disorders. 
C)  was developed by the APA to classify abnormal behaviour. 
D)  is used mainly by physicians, while the DSM is used by psychologists. 
E)  is a listing of all diseases and mental disorders.

Question 17

It is important that clinicians be more aware of cultural issues for all of the following reasons except

Accepted Answer

A)  different cultural issues may influence the diagnosis. 
B)  North America is relatively multi-cultural. 
C)  certain syndromes appear only within a particular culture. 
D)  different cultural practices may be unusual to white North Americans, but are normal in the society in which they are found. 
E)  many clinicians now visit and diagnose patients in many different countries. 
A)  different cultural issues may influence the diagnosis. 
B)  North America is relatively multi-cultural. 
C)  certain syndromes appear only within a particular culture. 
D)  different cultural practices may be unusual to white North Americans, but are normal in the society in which they are found. 
E)  many clinicians now visit and diagnose patients in many different countries.

Question 18

The main feature of schizophrenia is

Accepted Answer

A)  poor diet and substance use disorder. 
B)  below average level of intelligence. 
C)  excessive fear, worry, and apprehension. 
D)  a marked loss of pleasure from usual activities. 
E)  a loss of contact with the reality. 
A)  poor diet and substance use disorder. 
B)  below average level of intelligence. 
C)  excessive fear, worry, and apprehension. 
D)  a marked loss of pleasure from usual activities. 
E)  a loss of contact with the reality.

Question 19

When a classification system is atheoretical, what does this mean?

Accepted Answer

A)  that it contains a comprehensive list of causes for disorders that suits any clinician regardless of their theoretical orientation. 
B)  that it is developed only by committee consensus. 
C)  that it is based solely on clinician intuition and experience. 
D)  that it does not endorse any one theory of abnormal behaviour. 
E)  that it focuses only on the very best theories of abnormal behaviour. 
A)  that it contains a comprehensive list of causes for disorders that suits any clinician regardless of their theoretical orientation. 
B)  that it is developed only by committee consensus. 
C)  that it is based solely on clinician intuition and experience. 
D)  that it does not endorse any one theory of abnormal behaviour. 
E)  that it focuses only on the very best theories of abnormal behaviour.

Question 20

Why do some professionals argue that current classification systems are flawed because of their adherence to the medical model?

Accepted Answer

A)  Medical illnesses cannot yet be classified. 
B)  Little evidence supports the notion that there are unconscious causes of disorder. 
C)  No mental disorder is caused by an anatomical deviation. 
D)  Many professionals do not subscribe to the medical model. 
E)  It is next to impossible to classify someone with a disorder due to comorbidity. 
A)  Medical illnesses cannot yet be classified. 
B)  Little evidence supports the notion that there are unconscious causes of disorder. 
C)  No mental disorder is caused by an anatomical deviation. 
D)  Many professionals do not subscribe to the medical model. 
E)  It is next to impossible to classify someone with a disorder due to comorbidity.

One example of dimensional classification would be using questionnaires to give people a certain score on a certain criterion.

A defense of retaining some aspects of the medical model is provided by Wakefield (1992), who states:

Elma is from the Philippines, and she claims that she sees the spirits of the dead on different occasions, as do other individuals in her culture. It would be important to consider culture in this diagnosis because she could be suffering from

Personality disorders in the DSM are particularly problematic for women because

Which of the following is a problem with the categorical approach to the classification of mental disorders?

Sarah suffers from social anxiety disorder, which causes her to feel depressed, lethargic, and hopeless. Recently, she has also been diagnosed with depression. This occurrence is referred to as __________.

The beginning of a modern system of classifying disorders can be attributed to

The text suggests that our current classification is categorical because

Learning disorders usually become apparent

Regardless of the diagnostic system used, it is relatively common that an individual will meet the criteria for more than one disorder.

Rosenhan's (1973) study of pseudo-patients in psychiatric hospitals illustrates

Which of the following is true regarding hoarding disorder in DSM-5?

DSM-III was a better attempt at classification than were earlier systems because it

Why has it been proposed that a dimensional approach to classification should be adopted in the DSM?

The International Statistical Classification of Diseases, Injuries, and Causes of Death (ICD),

It is important that clinicians be more aware of cultural issues for all of the following reasons except

The main feature of schizophrenia is

When a classification system is atheoretical, what does this mean?

Why do some professionals argue that current classification systems are flawed because of their adherence to the medical model?

Concepts of Abnormality Throughout History

Theoretical Perspectives on Abnormal Behaviour

Psychological Assessment and Research Methods

Anxiety, Obsessive-Compulsive, and Trauma -Related Disorders

Dissociative Disorder and Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders

Psychological Factors Affecting Medical Conditions

Mood Disorders and Suicide

Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders

Eating Disorders

Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders

The Personality Disorders

Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders

Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Behaviour and Emotional Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence

Aging and Mental Health

Therapies

Prevention and Mental Health Promotion in the Community

Mental Disorder and the Law

Filters

Exam 3: Classification and Diagnosis

One example of dimensional classification would be using questionnaires to give people a certain score on a certain criterion.

A defense of retaining some aspects of the medical model is provided by Wakefield (1992), who states:

Elma is from the Philippines, and she claims that she sees the spirits of the dead on different occasions, as do other individuals in her culture. It would be important to consider culture in this diagnosis because she could be suffering from

Personality disorders in the DSM are particularly problematic for women because

Which of the following is a problem with the categorical approach to the classification of mental disorders?

Sarah suffers from social anxiety disorder, which causes her to feel depressed, lethargic, and hopeless. Recently, she has also been diagnosed with depression. This occurrence is referred to as __________.

The beginning of a modern system of classifying disorders can be attributed to

The text suggests that our current classification is categorical because

Learning disorders usually become apparent

Regardless of the diagnostic system used, it is relatively common that an individual will meet the criteria for more than one disorder.

Rosenhan's (1973) study of pseudo-patients in psychiatric hospitals illustrates

Which of the following is true regarding hoarding disorder in DSM-5?

DSM-III was a better attempt at classification than were earlier systems because it

Why has it been proposed that a dimensional approach to classification should be adopted in the DSM?

The International Statistical Classification of Diseases, Injuries, and Causes of Death (ICD),

It is important that clinicians be more aware of cultural issues for all of the following reasons except

The main feature of schizophrenia is

When a classification system is atheoretical, what does this mean?

Why do some professionals argue that current classification systems are flawed because of their adherence to the medical model?

Concepts of Abnormality Throughout History

Theoretical Perspectives on Abnormal Behaviour

Psychological Assessment and Research Methods

Anxiety, Obsessive-Compulsive, and Trauma -Related Disorders

Dissociative Disorder and Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders

Psychological Factors Affecting Medical Conditions

Mood Disorders and Suicide

Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders

Eating Disorders

Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders

The Personality Disorders

Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders

Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Behaviour and Emotional Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence

Aging and Mental Health

Therapies

Prevention and Mental Health Promotion in the Community

Mental Disorder and the Law

Filters