Question 1

Which of the following is a possible outcome of the lysogenic cycle?

Accepted Answer

A) bacterial cell lysis 
B) bacterial fission 
C) prophage formation 
D) bacterial cell lysis,prophage formation and propagation,and bacterial fission are all possible outcomes of the lysogenic cycle 
E) prophage formation and propagation 
A) bacterial cell lysis 
B) bacterial fission 
C) prophage formation 
D) bacterial cell lysis,prophage formation and propagation,and bacterial fission are all possible outcomes of the lysogenic cycle 
E) prophage formation and propagation D

Question 2

What is a plaque composed of?

Accepted Answer

A) lysed bacteria,phage,and agar 
B) bacteriophage and agar 
C) lysed bacteria 
D) live bacteria and bacteriophage 
E) bacteriophage and dead bacteria 
A) lysed bacteria,phage,and agar 
B) bacteriophage and agar 
C) lysed bacteria 
D) live bacteria and bacteriophage 
E) bacteriophage and dead bacteria A

Question 3

What is an R plasmid?

Accepted Answer

A) They carry a gene for resistance to an environmental attribute,such as heavy metals,and genes for the transfer of the plasmid. 
B) They function in bacterial recombination. 
C) They are a plasmid that can exist in the chromosome or outside the chromosome. 
D) They are the plasmids that carry the F factor. 
E) It is an F factor that has picked up part of a bacterial genome. 
A) They carry a gene for resistance to an environmental attribute,such as heavy metals,and genes for the transfer of the plasmid. 
B) They function in bacterial recombination. 
C) They are a plasmid that can exist in the chromosome or outside the chromosome. 
D) They are the plasmids that carry the F factor. 
E) It is an F factor that has picked up part of a bacterial genome. A

Question 4

In a bacterial cross in which the donor Hfr is a+b+ and the recipient strain F- is a-b-,it is expected that recombinant bacteria______ .

Accepted Answer

A) will be a mixture of a+b+,a-b-,and a-b+ 
B) will all remain a-b- 
C) will all be a+b+ 
D) will be a mixture of a+b+,a-b-,a+b-,and a-b+ 
E) will be a mixture of a+b+ and a-b- 
A) will be a mixture of a+b+,a-b-,and a-b+ 
B) will all remain a-b- 
C) will all be a+b+ 
D) will be a mixture of a+b+,a-b-,a+b-,and a-b+ 
E) will be a mixture of a+b+ and a-b-

Question 5

What is meant by the term cotransformation?

Accepted Answer

A) Cotransformation occurs when several linked genes are transformed simultaneously. 
B) A cell can pick up more than one F factor. 
C) An F- cell can become F+ several times in a life cycle. 
D) More than one phage infects a bacterial cell. 
E) Several pieces of DNA can form heteroduplexes in a cell. 
A) Cotransformation occurs when several linked genes are transformed simultaneously. 
B) A cell can pick up more than one F factor. 
C) An F- cell can become F+ several times in a life cycle. 
D) More than one phage infects a bacterial cell. 
E) Several pieces of DNA can form heteroduplexes in a cell.

Question 6

If two different auxotrophic strains are placed in a liquid medium culture tube,prototrophic strains can sometimes be subsequently recovered.Choose the mechanism below that would not allow this genetic change.

Accepted Answer

A) conjugation 
B) transduction 
C) genetic suppression 
D) transformation 
E) reverse mutation 
A) conjugation 
B) transduction 
C) genetic suppression 
D) transformation 
E) reverse mutation

Question 7

Which of the following is true about the interrupted mating technique?

Accepted Answer

A) The recipient bacterium will choose the best genes. 
B) Time of contact is not applicable to this protocol. 
C) Genes are transferred from the donor to recipient in a linear fashion based upon time of contact. 
D) Donor will pass only beneficial genes to the recipient. 
E) Genes will be passed from the centromere. 
A) The recipient bacterium will choose the best genes. 
B) Time of contact is not applicable to this protocol. 
C) Genes are transferred from the donor to recipient in a linear fashion based upon time of contact. 
D) Donor will pass only beneficial genes to the recipient. 
E) Genes will be passed from the centromere.

Question 8

To produce recombinants in phage______ .

Accepted Answer

A) one crossover is required 
B) a bacterial cell must be competent 
C) phage recombinants do not occur 
D) the F factor must be present 
E) two crossovers are required 
A) one crossover is required 
B) a bacterial cell must be competent 
C) phage recombinants do not occur 
D) the F factor must be present 
E) two crossovers are required

Question 9

Viral mutations and variants are often categorized by changes in______ .

Accepted Answer

A) host range 
B) viral size 
C) capsid shape 
D) host range and/or plaque morphology 
E) plaque morphology 
A) host range 
B) viral size 
C) capsid shape 
D) host range and/or plaque morphology 
E) plaque morphology

Question 10

______is most likely associated with transduction.

Accepted Answer

A) Conjugation 
B) Transformation 
C) Lysogeny 
D) factor 
E) Plasmid ColE 
A) Conjugation 
B) Transformation 
C) Lysogeny 
D) factor 
E) Plasmid ColE

Question 11

What are the general structural features of a prokaryotic plasmid?

Accepted Answer

A) made of protein and existing in the cytosol 
B) linear double- stranded DNA integrated into the chromosome 
C) proteins on the bacterial chromosome 
D) circular double- stranded DNA in the cytosol 
E) circular double- stranded DNA in the nucleus 
A) made of protein and existing in the cytosol 
B) linear double- stranded DNA integrated into the chromosome 
C) proteins on the bacterial chromosome 
D) circular double- stranded DNA in the cytosol 
E) circular double- stranded DNA in the nucleus

Question 12

______bacteria contain an F factor or plasmid that is capable of initiating conjugation.______bacteria contain an F plasmid that possesses a portion of the bacterial chromosome.

Accepted Answer

A) F+; Merozygotes 
B) F-; F+ 
C) F+; Hfr 
D) Merozygotes; F- 
E) F-; Hfr 
A) F+; Merozygotes 
B) F-; F+ 
C) F+; Hfr 
D) Merozygotes; F- 
E) F-; Hfr

Question 13

Bacteriophages engage in two interactive cycles with bacteria.What are these cycles?

Accepted Answer

A) insertion and replication 
B) auxotrophic and prototrophic 
C) heteroduplex and homoduplex 
D) lytic and lysogenic 
E) negative and positive 
A) insertion and replication 
B) auxotrophic and prototrophic 
C) heteroduplex and homoduplex 
D) lytic and lysogenic 
E) negative and positive

Question 14

Which of the following is true about a merozygote?

Accepted Answer

A) It can spontaneously form from an Hfr cell. 
B) Merozygotes were crucial to our understanding of the formation of the sex pilus. 
C) A merozygote can form if an F factor carries chromosomal DNA and is injected into an F- cell. 
D) A conjugation with an Hfr donor will never produce a merozygote. 
E) It is formed from an Hfr to F+ cross. 
A) It can spontaneously form from an Hfr cell. 
B) Merozygotes were crucial to our understanding of the formation of the sex pilus. 
C) A merozygote can form if an F factor carries chromosomal DNA and is injected into an F- cell. 
D) A conjugation with an Hfr donor will never produce a merozygote. 
E) It is formed from an Hfr to F+ cross.

Question 15

Assume that the gene trpA in an auxotrophic strain of E.coli is located at 27 minutes,whereas the gene pyrE is located at 81 minutes. Present an experimental scheme that would allow you to convert one of the auxotrophic strains to a prototrophic

Accepted Answer

A) F+ auxotroph × F- wild type 
B) Hfr auxotroph × F- wild type 
C) F+ wild type × F- auxotroph 
D) Hfr wild type × F- auxotroph 
E) Hfr auxotroph × F- auxotroph 
A) F+ auxotroph × F- wild type 
B) Hfr auxotroph × F- wild type 
C) F+ wild type × F- auxotroph 
D) Hfr wild type × F- auxotroph 
E) Hfr auxotroph × F- auxotroph

Question 16

______of genes is an indication that the genes are linked.

Accepted Answer

A) Conjugation 
B) Recombination 
C) Reversion 
D) Cotransduction 
E) Transformation 
A) Conjugation 
B) Recombination 
C) Reversion 
D) Cotransduction 
E) Transformation

Question 17

In which phase of the bacterial cell cycle do the cells grow most quickly?

Accepted Answer

A) stationary 
B) fluctuation 
C) log 
D) adaptation 
E) lag 
A) stationary 
B) fluctuation 
C) log 
D) adaptation 
E) lag

Question 18

Max Delbrück presented the first evidence that bacteria are capable of spontaneous mutation.What is the name of the test that Delbrück used to demonstrate this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

A) auxotrophic test 
B) lag test 
C) fluctuation test 
D) prototrophic test 
E) logarithmic test 
A) auxotrophic test 
B) lag test 
C) fluctuation test 
D) prototrophic test 
E) logarithmic test

Question 19

What is a form of recombination in bacteria that involves the F plasmid?

Accepted Answer

A) fluctuation 
B) transformation 
C) conjugation 
D) adaptation 
E) transduction 
A) fluctuation 
B) transformation 
C) conjugation 
D) adaptation 
E) transduction

Question 20

After transformation,heteroduplex formation,and resolution,the resulting daughter cells are______ .

Accepted Answer

A) both have plasmids 
B) both transformed 
C) both mutant 
D) both wild type 
E) one transformed and one nontransformed 
A) both have plasmids 
B) both transformed 
C) both mutant 
D) both wild type 
E) one transformed and one nontransformed

Exam 6: Genetic Analysis and Mapping in Bacteria and Bacteriophages

Which of the following is a possible outcome of the lysogenic cycle?

What is a plaque composed of?

What is an R plasmid?

In a bacterial cross in which the donor Hfr is a+b+ and the recipient strain F- is a-b-,it is expected that recombinant bacteria______ .

What is meant by the term cotransformation?

If two different auxotrophic strains are placed in a liquid medium culture tube,prototrophic strains can sometimes be subsequently recovered.Choose the mechanism below that would not allow this genetic change.

Which of the following is true about the interrupted mating technique?

To produce recombinants in phage______ .

Viral mutations and variants are often categorized by changes in______ .

______is most likely associated with transduction.

What are the general structural features of a prokaryotic plasmid?

______bacteria contain an F factor or plasmid that is capable of initiating conjugation.______bacteria contain an F plasmid that possesses a portion of the bacterial chromosome.

Bacteriophages engage in two interactive cycles with bacteria.What are these cycles?

Which of the following is true about a merozygote?

Assume that the gene trpA in an auxotrophic strain of E.coli is located at 27 minutes,whereas the gene pyrE is located at 81 minutes. Present an experimental scheme that would allow you to convert one of the auxotrophic strains to a prototrophic

______of genes is an indication that the genes are linked.

In which phase of the bacterial cell cycle do the cells grow most quickly?

Max Delbrück presented the first evidence that bacteria are capable of spontaneous mutation.What is the name of the test that Delbrück used to demonstrate this phenomenon?

What is a form of recombination in bacteria that involves the F plasmid?

After transformation,heteroduplex formation,and resolution,the resulting daughter cells are______ .

Introduction to Genetics

Mitosis and Meiosis

Mendelian Genetics

Extensions of Mendelian Genetics

Chromosome Mapping in Eukaryotes

Sex Determination and Sex Chromosomes

Chromosome Mutations: Variation in Number and Arrangement

Extranuclear Inheritance

DNA Structure and Analysis

DNA Replication and Recombination

DNA Organization in Chromosomes

The Genetic Code and Transcription

Translation and Proteins

Gene Mutation,dna Repair,and Transposition

Regulation of Gene Expression in Bacteria

Transcriptional Regulation in Eukaryotes

Post-Transcriptional Regulation in Eukaryotes

Epigenetic Regulation in Eukaryotes

Recombinant Dna Technology

Genomic Analysis

Applications of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

Developmental Genetics

Cancer Genetics

Quantitative Genetics and Multifactorial Traits

Population and Evolutionary Genetics

CRISPR and Genomic Editing

DNA Forensics

Genomics and Precision Medicine

Genetically Modified Foods

Gene Therapy

Advances in Neurogenetics: The Study of Huntington Disease

Filters

In a bacterial cross in which the donor Hfr is a⁺b⁺and the recipient strain F^- is a^-b^-,it is expected that recombinant bacteria______ .

bacteria contain an F factor or plasmid that is capable of initiating conjugation.bacteria contain an F plasmid that possesses a portion of the bacterial chromosome.