Exam 9: Group Processes: Influence in Social Groups

In describing his experiences during decision making that preceded the disastrous Bay of Pigs invasion, Kennedy's adviser, Arthur Schlesinger, reported that although he was opposed to the invasion, he didn't speak out because "others would regard it as presumptuous of him, a college professor, to take issue with august heads of government institutions." This example best reflects ________ as a symptom of groupthink.

When women are chosen for leadership positions over units or departments in crisis, this is

Decision-making groups are most likely to share unique information when

Deindividuation is a feeling of anonymity that often results in

There is a powerful scene in the classic film, To Kill a Mockingbird; Atticus Finch, a small town lawyer, is on the courthouse steps standing guard over Tom Robinson, an African-American prisoner whom he is defending. A mob of townspeople and local farmers approaches the courthouse, demanding that Atticus turn over Robinson; they are intent on administering their own form of vigilante justice. Suddenly, Atticus's young daughter Scout steps forward. She doesn't understand what's about to happen, and begins to address people in the crowd, "Hey, Mr. Cunningham. How's your boy? I like Walter, but I haven't seen him in awhile." As Scout innocently addresses a number of individuals in the crowd, they begin to leave one by one, until the whole lynch mob is disbanded. Scout's behavior disrupts the ________ that might have led to a lynching.

Which of the following will give the greatest sense of belonging to a group and a sense of distinctiveness from others?

Marsha has been promoted to the supervisor position in her company. She has had a good working relationship with her subordinates, they all highly respect her, and the goals for her team have been clearly defined by the company. In order to be an effective leader in this situation, Marsha should focus on

A leadership style that is warm, helpful, kind, and concerned with the welfare of others is ________, while a leadership style that is assertive, controlling, independent, dominant and self-confident is ________.

Rachida is refuses to follow important social norms of her group. She will be

You are a member of a group of five people whose task it is to address and stuff 1,000 envelopes for mailing. Research on ________ suggests that it would be better to give each person 200 envelopes to address alone, whereas research on ________ suggests that it would be better to have everyone work on the task together in the same room.

An ambitious study of leadership in 62 countries determined that

James manages a team of employees for a company that is highly organized, well controlled, and high in employee satisfaction. In this situation, there is a greater need for a ________ leader than a ________ leader.

Under certain conditions, people will choose the cooperative option when playing the "prisoner's dilemma" game. For example, when a player ________, that player will be more likely to play cooperatively.

Describe the consequences of the "double bind" of conflicting social-role demands that can make it difficult for women to be successful as leaders.

According to your textbook, all of the following are true with respect to women and leadership except

The resident assistant of a campus residence hall notices that when a team of five students is assigned to bathroom duty, the bathrooms are not as well cleaned as when only one student is assigned to clean them. What phenomenon does this example illustrate?

When the committee discussion begins, three people are strongly in favor of hiring Band A to play at the fall dance and three people are somewhat in favor of hiring Band A. Two people are somewhat in favor of hiring Band B. If group polarization is at work, what is the most likely decision of the group after an hour of discussion?

Social facilitation refers to the tendency of people to perform ________ on simple tasks and ________ on complex tasks when others are present.

"Who would make a great president? Someone who is uncompromisingly true to her (or his) values, assertive, intelligent, articulate, courageous, and passionate, that's who." The previous quote reflects the application of the ________ theory of leadership.

Which of the following explanations for social facilitation applies to humans but not to cockroaches? Humans are