Exam 9: Group Processes: Influence in Social Groups

Members of the military may need to engage in behaviors, such as killing or wounding the enemy, which may go against personal moral standards such as "Thou shalt not kill." To get people to adhere to group rather than individual standards, the military acts to increase soldiers' sense of ________ when they are on the battlefield.

Compared to individuals deciding alone, members of groups tend to make decisions that are

There are two possible explanations for group polarization-persuasive arguments and social comparison. According to research, which is the most correct?

Recently, a major newspaper had to temporarily shut down its blog Web site because of numerous anonymous posts that were highly offensive, much more offensive than any signed letter or posting. What is the best explanation as to why these online contributions were more offensive than signed letters?

Adele has never driven a car with a manual transmission before-that is, she's never had to decide when to shift gears, push in the clutch, or stop suddenly when the car is in gear. She's just bought a car with manual transmission, and wants to practice driving it before she takes it onto the highway. What should she do?

When is high cohesiveness likely to be a problem for a group?

Martin Luther King Jr. and Mahatma Gandhi led large groups of people in protests against injustice. According to information in your text about the process of deindividuation, why is it that these groups did not behave violently?

Complete the following analogy. Transactional leaders: ________ :: Transformational leaders: ________.

Research on deindividuation suggests that when people are part of a crowd, they become

The "prisoner's dilemma" game is an excellent vehicle for studying social conflicts in the laboratory because

"Don't talk during the movie" and "Cross the street at the corner or crosswalk" are examples of

In Cirque du Soleil, performers include highly choreographed acrobats, dancers, actors, and gymnasts. In order to perform their best, these performers should be

One explanation for social facilitation focuses on the role of evaluation apprehension-the anxiety associated with being judged by others-in creating a state of arousal in people. What is the weakness of this explanation?

What do a sorority, your family, and the L.A. Lakers have in common?

The president of the Noodle Dome Charitable Trust has just resigned in disgrace, leaving the workings of the organization pretty much on track, but also leaving a large number of employees angry and upset. Bolstered by his previous successes in turning things around, Fred has stepped in to fill the president's role. Fred should adopt a ________ of leadership in this case.

Consider the following antisocial acts: European soccer fans sometimes attack and bludgeon players and other fans; in the United States, members of the Ku Klux Klan (KKK) burned houses and lynched innocents; frenzied rock and roll fans trample one another, sometimes resulting in deaths. What do these situations have in common? They

Recall that Simonton (1987, 2001) examined the relationship between 100 personal attributes of the U.S. presidents and their effectiveness in office as rated by historians. The characteristics that were most correlated with presidential effectiveness were

Agentic leadership style is to ________ as ________ is to collectivism.

Group decision-making can be improved and the problems of process loss avoided if groups make sure to do all of the following except

The qualities of a group that tie members together and promote liking between members are known as