Exam 1: Introduction to Physiology and Homeostasis

Complete each of the following statments. The smallest unit capable of carrying out the processes associated with life is the ____________________.

The integumentary system contains specialized organs called sweat glands, which are important in regulating body temperature.

Complete each of the following statments. ____________________ muscle tissue composes the heart.

Complete each of the following statments. ____________________ refers to maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment.

The plasma surrounds and bathes all of the body's cells.

Explain the long-term adaptations made by the heart in response to an exercise regimen of sufficient intensity and duration, and explain how this is beneficial to the heart and to the athlete.

Nutrients and oxygen are distributed through the body mainly by the ____ system.

Tissues are composed of two or more types of cells organized to perform a particular function or functions.

Most homeostatic mechanisms operate on the principle of positive feedback.

Factors that are homeostatically regulated are maintained at a constant, fixed level unless disease is present.

The external environment is found outside cells but inside the body.

When a blood capillary is cut, a clot forms under which influence?

The pancreas is part of the endocrine system and secretes the hormone insulin, which allows most body cells to absorb glucose from the blood. A lack of insulin can result in hyperglycemia (high blood glucose), which can adversely affect one's health. Describe the roles of the digestive system, circulatory system, and endocrine systems in maintaining glucose homeostasis when a person eats a sugary meal.

Complete each of the following statments. ____________________ are the blood vessels where materials are exchanged between the blood and the interstitial fluid.

Complete each of the following statments. The ____________________ system consists of all hormone-secreting tissues.

A teleological (non-mechanistic) explanation of why a person sweats is to cool off.

Insulin is a hormone that is secreted into the lumen of the intestine in response to the presence of food.

The lungs remove carbon dioxide from the blood plasma.

Complete each of the following statments. ____________________ cells are not specialized for a specific function but can divide to give rise to highly specialized cells.

Complete each of the following statments. The ____________________ is the liquid part of the blood.