Question 1

What is a nerve?

Accepted Answer

A)  a bundle of neurons 
B)  a chain of neurons 
C)  a sensory synapse 
D)  a series of impulses 
A)  a bundle of neurons 
B)  a chain of neurons 
C)  a sensory synapse 
D)  a series of impulses A

Question 2

The spinal cord and brain compose the ________.

Accepted Answer

central nervous system

Question 3

Recent studies indicate that about 15% of college students use Ritalin to improve learning and the ability to focus for exams.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

-Refer to the figure for the following question: Drug addiction is characterized by tolerance, in which the user must ingest more of the drug to obtain the same effect. Cellularly, tolerance can be explained by the fact that prolonged use of a drug such as cocaine leads to ________ in the number of receptor proteins present in the postsynaptic neuron.

Accepted Answer

A)  an increase 
B)  a decrease 
C)  no change 
D)  a regulation 
A)  an increase 
B)  a decrease 
C)  no change 
D)  a regulation

Question 5

Damage to which of the following brain structures is most likely to be fatal?

Accepted Answer

A)  caudate nuclei 
B)  cerebellum 
C)  brain stem 
D)  cerebrum 
A)  caudate nuclei 
B)  cerebellum 
C)  brain stem 
D)  cerebrum

Question 6

A nerve poison that blocked neurotransmitter receptors on the dendrites would

Accepted Answer

A)  cause continued stimulation of the membrane of the receiving neuron. 
B)  prevent transmission across the synaptic cleft. 
C)  inhibit the regeneration of neurotransmitter for use by the synaptic knobs. 
D)  inactivate the enzyme that degrades the neurotransmitter. 
A)  cause continued stimulation of the membrane of the receiving neuron. 
B)  prevent transmission across the synaptic cleft. 
C)  inhibit the regeneration of neurotransmitter for use by the synaptic knobs. 
D)  inactivate the enzyme that degrades the neurotransmitter.

Question 7

Why is it important that you take care of your neurons?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are able to divide rapidly and can be turned into cancer cells. 
B)  They only undergo mitosis after the brain has obtained enough sleep. 
C)  They are unable to divide by mitosis. 
D)  They are very susceptible to mutations of their DNA. 
A)  They are able to divide rapidly and can be turned into cancer cells. 
B)  They only undergo mitosis after the brain has obtained enough sleep. 
C)  They are unable to divide by mitosis. 
D)  They are very susceptible to mutations of their DNA.

Question 8

The basic functional units of the nervous system are

Accepted Answer

A)  muscle fibers. 
B)  heart cells. 
C)  neurons. 
D)  fibroblasts. 
A)  muscle fibers. 
B)  heart cells. 
C)  neurons. 
D)  fibroblasts.

Question 9

Which of the following neurotransmitters is involved in both Parkinson's disease and ADD?

Accepted Answer

A)  acetylcholine 
B)  dopamine 
C)  serotonin 
D)  GABA 
A)  acetylcholine 
B)  dopamine 
C)  serotonin 
D)  GABA

Question 10

During synaptic transmission across a typical synapse, which of the following occurs?

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium ions flow into the membrane of the presynaptic neuron 
B)  the binding of neurotransmitters triggers the release of potassium ions by the presynaptic neuron 
C)  vesicles containing neurotransmitter molecules diffuse to the receiving neuron's plasma membrane 
D)  neurotransmitter molecules bind to receptors on the postsynaptic membrane 
A)  sodium ions flow into the membrane of the presynaptic neuron 
B)  the binding of neurotransmitters triggers the release of potassium ions by the presynaptic neuron 
C)  vesicles containing neurotransmitter molecules diffuse to the receiving neuron's plasma membrane 
D)  neurotransmitter molecules bind to receptors on the postsynaptic membrane

Question 11

Glial cells

Accepted Answer

A)  carry messages. 
B)  protect and cushion the brain. 
C)  support neurons by supplying nutrients. 
D)  move waste products out of the brain. 
A)  carry messages. 
B)  protect and cushion the brain. 
C)  support neurons by supplying nutrients. 
D)  move waste products out of the brain.

Question 12

The network of nerves that radiates out from the brain and the spinal cord is part of

Accepted Answer

A)  the central nervous system. 
B)  interneurons. 
C)  the peripheral nervous system. 
D)  neurotransmitters. 
A)  the central nervous system. 
B)  interneurons. 
C)  the peripheral nervous system. 
D)  neurotransmitters.

Question 13

It's known that teenagers and young adults are impulsive in nature, take unnecessary risks, and are, therefore, more susceptible to drug addiction. Scientists hypothesize that the reason for this could be the fact that the ________ lobe doesn't fully develop until the early twenties.

Accepted Answer

A)  temporal 
B)  occipital 
C)  parietal 
D)  frontal 
A)  temporal 
B)  occipital 
C)  parietal 
D)  frontal

Question 14

What is proprioception?

Accepted Answer

A)  the sense of pressure on the body 
B)  the sense of the position of the body 
C)  the sense of smell 
D)  the sense of the body's temperature 
A)  the sense of pressure on the body 
B)  the sense of the position of the body 
C)  the sense of smell 
D)  the sense of the body's temperature

Question 15

Which of the following are parts of the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

A)  sensory neurons 
B)  interneurons 
C)  motor neurons 
D)  effectors 
A)  sensory neurons 
B)  interneurons 
C)  motor neurons 
D)  effectors

Question 16

You suspect that your roommate may be abusing drugs. He exhibits the following symptoms: aggressiveness, bursts of extreme energy followed by "crash" periods, and delusions. Which of the following drugs may be responsible?

Accepted Answer

A)  amphetamines 
B)  LSD 
C)  marijuana 
D)  heroin 
A)  amphetamines 
B)  LSD 
C)  marijuana 
D)  heroin

Question 17

-Refer to the diagram to answer the following question: A blow to the ________ of the head could lead to loss of vision.

Accepted Answer

A)  front 
B)  top 
C)  back 
D)  side 
A)  front 
B)  top 
C)  back 
D)  side

Question 18

Polarization refers to the

Accepted Answer

A)  electrical signal generated by neurons. 
B)  lack of concentration gradient for sodium. 
C)  decrease in charge difference across a membrane. 
D)  difference in charge across a membrane. 
A)  electrical signal generated by neurons. 
B)  lack of concentration gradient for sodium. 
C)  decrease in charge difference across a membrane. 
D)  difference in charge across a membrane.

Question 19

Which of the following causes the release of neurotransmitter molecules?

Accepted Answer

A)  the reception of a signal from the postsynaptic neuron 
B)  an electrical signal reaching the end of the cell body 
C)  an electrical signal reaching the terminal bouton 
D)  an electrical signal reaching the beginning of the dendrite 
A)  the reception of a signal from the postsynaptic neuron 
B)  an electrical signal reaching the end of the cell body 
C)  an electrical signal reaching the terminal bouton 
D)  an electrical signal reaching the beginning of the dendrite

Question 20

Electrical signals travel faster down unmyelinated axons than myelinated axons.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 22: Attention Deficit Disorder: Brain Structure and Function

What is a nerve?

The spinal cord and brain compose the ________.

Recent studies indicate that about 15% of college students use Ritalin to improve learning and the ability to focus for exams.

Damage to which of the following brain structures is most likely to be fatal?

A nerve poison that blocked neurotransmitter receptors on the dendrites would

Why is it important that you take care of your neurons?

The basic functional units of the nervous system are

Which of the following neurotransmitters is involved in both Parkinson's disease and ADD?

During synaptic transmission across a typical synapse, which of the following occurs?

Glial cells

The network of nerves that radiates out from the brain and the spinal cord is part of

It's known that teenagers and young adults are impulsive in nature, take unnecessary risks, and are, therefore, more susceptible to drug addiction. Scientists hypothesize that the reason for this could be the fact that the ________ lobe doesn't fully develop until the early twenties.

What is proprioception?

Which of the following are parts of the central nervous system?

You suspect that your roommate may be abusing drugs. He exhibits the following symptoms: aggressiveness, bursts of extreme energy followed by "crash" periods, and delusions. Which of the following drugs may be responsible?

-Refer to the diagram to answer the following question: A blow to the ________ of the head could lead to loss of vision.

Polarization refers to the

Which of the following causes the release of neurotransmitter molecules?

Electrical signals travel faster down unmyelinated axons than myelinated axons.

Can Science Cure the Common Cold? Introduction to the Scientific Method

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Is It Possible to Supplement Your Way to Better Health?

Fat: How Much is Right for You? Enzymes, Metabolism, and Cellular Respiration

Life in the Greenhouse: Photosynthesis and Global Warming

Cancer: DNA Synthesis, Mitosis, and Meiosis

Are You Only as Smart as Your Genes? Mendelian and Quantitative Genetics

DNA Detective: Complex Patterns of Inheritance and DNA Fingerprinting

Genetically Modified Organisms: Gene Expression, Mutation, and Cloning

Where Did We Come From? The Evidence for Evolution

An Evolving Enemy: Natural Selection

Who Am I? Species and Races

Prospecting for Biological Gold: Biodiversity and Classification

Is the Human Population Too Large? Population Ecology

Conserving Biodiversity: Community and Ecosystem Ecology

Where Do You Live? Climate and Biomes

Organ Donation: Tissues Organs and Organ Systems

Clearing the Air: Respiratory Cardiovascular and Excretory Systems

Vaccinations: Protection and Prevention or Peril? Immune System

Sex Differences and Athleticism: Endocrine Skeletal and Muscular Systems

Is There Something in the Water? Reproductive and Developmental Biology

Feeding the World: Plant Structure and Growth

Growing a Green Thumb: Plant Physiology

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