Question 1

The proteins that catalyze chemical reactions in the body are called

Accepted Answer

A)  enzymes. 
B)  coenzymes. 
C)  antioxidants. 
D)  high-density lipoproteins (HDLs). 
A)  enzymes. 
B)  coenzymes. 
C)  antioxidants. 
D)  high-density lipoproteins (HDLs). A

Question 2

Which of the following diseases is associated with a BMI of 16 or lower?

Accepted Answer

A)  diabetes 
B)  hypertension 
C)  heart attack 
D)  osteoporosis 
A)  diabetes 
B)  hypertension 
C)  heart attack 
D)  osteoporosis D

Question 3

What happens to the lactic acid created during fermentation in human muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is directly converted into ATP. 
B)  It donates a phosphate to ADP to recharge ATP. 
C)  It goes to the liver, where it's converted into pyruvic acid. 
D)  It joins with electrons and hydrogen ions to form H2O. 
A)  It is directly converted into ATP. 
B)  It donates a phosphate to ADP to recharge ATP. 
C)  It goes to the liver, where it's converted into pyruvic acid. 
D)  It joins with electrons and hydrogen ions to form H2O. C

Question 4

Which of the following macromolecules can't be broken down in the body and used to produce ATP?

Accepted Answer

A)  carbohydrates 
B)  proteins 
C)  fats 
D)  vitamins 
A)  carbohydrates 
B)  proteins 
C)  fats 
D)  vitamins

Question 5

In the human body, the enzyme lactase acts on which substrate?

Accepted Answer

A)  lactose 
B)  galactose 
C)  lactic acid 
D)  glucose 
A)  lactose 
B)  galactose 
C)  lactic acid 
D)  glucose

Question 6

During cellular respiration, where does the energy released from glucose go as it is metabolized into the low-energy compounds carbon dioxide and water? The energy released from glucose goes

Accepted Answer

A)  into ATP. 
B)  into lactic acid. 
C)  out of the cell as heat. 
D)  into electrons that directly power the cell. 
A)  into ATP. 
B)  into lactic acid. 
C)  out of the cell as heat. 
D)  into electrons that directly power the cell.

Question 7

-Assume that a newly developed chemical agent blocks the active site of the enzyme shown in the figure. This drug must be similar in shape and size to

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose. 
B)  fructose. 
C)  sucrase. 
D)  sucrose. 
A)  glucose. 
B)  fructose. 
C)  sucrase. 
D)  sucrose.

Question 8

The reactions of the citric acid cycle are catalyzed by a series of ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The reactions of the citric acid cycle...

Question 9

Which of the following is a true statement about caloric energy conversions?

Accepted Answer

A)  A calorie is the same as a Calorie. 
B)  A kilocalorie is the same as a calorie. 
C)  A kilocalorie is the same as 1000 calories. 
D)  A kilocalorie is the same as 1000 Calories. 
A)  A calorie is the same as a Calorie. 
B)  A kilocalorie is the same as a calorie. 
C)  A kilocalorie is the same as 1000 calories. 
D)  A kilocalorie is the same as 1000 Calories.

Question 10

Another term for high blood pressure is ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Another term for high blood pressure is...

Question 11

How many calories would be needed to heat up one kilogram (1000 grams)of water by 1 degree Celsius?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  10 
C)  100 
D)  1000 
A)  1 
B)  10 
C)  100 
D)  1000

Question 12

During the process of cellular respiration, what is the final acceptor for electrons at the end of the electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

A)  oxygen 
B)  carbon 
C)  carbon dioxide 
D)  hydrogen 
A)  oxygen 
B)  carbon 
C)  carbon dioxide 
D)  hydrogen

Question 13

The tart flavor of sour cream is due to

Accepted Answer

A)  ADP produced by microbes during glycolysis. 
B)  lactic acid, produced anaerobically by microbes. 
C)  ethyl alcohol that forms as the cream is broken down by microbes. 
D)  citric acid released by microbes as they undergo the citric acid cycle. 
A)  ADP produced by microbes during glycolysis. 
B)  lactic acid, produced anaerobically by microbes. 
C)  ethyl alcohol that forms as the cream is broken down by microbes. 
D)  citric acid released by microbes as they undergo the citric acid cycle.

Question 14

Eating disorders in which the body is starved of calories are dangerous because

Accepted Answer

A)  menstruation can cease, causing sterility. 
B)  the risk of stroke can increase. 
C)  they can cause adult-onset diabetes or noninsulin-dependent diabetes. 
D)  they can lead to high blood pressure and weakened heart muscles. 
A)  menstruation can cease, causing sterility. 
B)  the risk of stroke can increase. 
C)  they can cause adult-onset diabetes or noninsulin-dependent diabetes. 
D)  they can lead to high blood pressure and weakened heart muscles.

Question 15

Chemical work within cells is powered by

Accepted Answer

A)  NAD+. 
B)  NADPH. 
C)  CO2. 
D)  ATP. 
A)  NAD+. 
B)  NADPH. 
C)  CO2. 
D)  ATP.

Question 16

How does ATP provide energy to a cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  It loses a phosphate group, releasing energy in the process. 
B)  It releases electrons, which are a source of energy. 
C)  It releases protons, which are used in the mitochondrion to create energy. 
D)  It shuttles electrons across the mitochondrial membrane to create potential energy. 
A)  It loses a phosphate group, releasing energy in the process. 
B)  It releases electrons, which are a source of energy. 
C)  It releases protons, which are used in the mitochondrion to create energy. 
D)  It shuttles electrons across the mitochondrial membrane to create potential energy.

Question 17

The first reactant in the citric acid cycle is

Accepted Answer

A)  pyruvic acid (C3H3O3). 
B)  glucose (C6H12O6). 
C)  carbon dioxide (CO2). 
D)  oxalaoacetate (OA
A) . 
A)  pyruvic acid (C3H3O3). 
B)  glucose (C6H12O6). 
C)  carbon dioxide (CO2). 
D)  oxalaoacetate (OA
A) .

Question 18

Which molecule results from the process of fermentation?

Accepted Answer

A)  ADP 
B)  NADPH 
C)  NADH 
D)  NAD+ 
A)  ADP 
B)  NADPH 
C)  NADH 
D)  NAD+

Question 19

During glycolysis, NAD+ picks up a hydrogen atom along with its electron to form

Accepted Answer

A)  NADP. 
B)  NADPH. 
C)  NADH. 
D)  H2O. 
A)  NADP. 
B)  NADPH. 
C)  NADH. 
D)  H2O.

Question 20

Marquisha is 5 foot 6 inches, weighs 155 pounds, and has a body fat percentage of 27%. Although she's not obese, she doesn't fit the body image of the models in her magazines. How would biologists view Marquisha's health?

Accepted Answer

A)  She is at elevated risk for amenorrhea. 
B)  Her BMI is alarmingly high. 
C)  She is unhealthy because of her weight and needs to lose weight. 
D)  Her body fat percentage falls within the ideal range for women, and she's not overweight. 
A)  She is at elevated risk for amenorrhea. 
B)  Her BMI is alarmingly high. 
C)  She is unhealthy because of her weight and needs to lose weight. 
D)  Her body fat percentage falls within the ideal range for women, and she's not overweight.

Exam 4: Fat: How Much is Right for You? Enzymes, Metabolism, and Cellular Respiration

The proteins that catalyze chemical reactions in the body are called

Which of the following diseases is associated with a BMI of 16 or lower?

What happens to the lactic acid created during fermentation in human muscle cells?

Which of the following macromolecules can't be broken down in the body and used to produce ATP?

In the human body, the enzyme lactase acts on which substrate?

During cellular respiration, where does the energy released from glucose go as it is metabolized into the low-energy compounds carbon dioxide and water? The energy released from glucose goes

-Assume that a newly developed chemical agent blocks the active site of the enzyme shown in the figure. This drug must be similar in shape and size to

The reactions of the citric acid cycle are catalyzed by a series of ________.

Which of the following is a true statement about caloric energy conversions?

Another term for high blood pressure is ________.

How many calories would be needed to heat up one kilogram (1000 grams)of water by 1 degree Celsius?

During the process of cellular respiration, what is the final acceptor for electrons at the end of the electron transport chain?

The tart flavor of sour cream is due to

Eating disorders in which the body is starved of calories are dangerous because

Chemical work within cells is powered by

How does ATP provide energy to a cell?

The first reactant in the citric acid cycle is

Which molecule results from the process of fermentation?

During glycolysis, NAD+ picks up a hydrogen atom along with its electron to form

Marquisha is 5 foot 6 inches, weighs 155 pounds, and has a body fat percentage of 27%. Although she's not obese, she doesn't fit the body image of the models in her magazines. How would biologists view Marquisha's health?

Can Science Cure the Common Cold? Introduction to the Scientific Method

Are We Alone in the Universe? Water, Biochemistry, and Cells

Is It Possible to Supplement Your Way to Better Health?

Life in the Greenhouse: Photosynthesis and Global Warming

Cancer: DNA Synthesis, Mitosis, and Meiosis

Are You Only as Smart as Your Genes? Mendelian and Quantitative Genetics

DNA Detective: Complex Patterns of Inheritance and DNA Fingerprinting

Genetically Modified Organisms: Gene Expression, Mutation, and Cloning

Where Did We Come From? The Evidence for Evolution

An Evolving Enemy: Natural Selection

Who Am I? Species and Races

Prospecting for Biological Gold: Biodiversity and Classification

Is the Human Population Too Large? Population Ecology

Conserving Biodiversity: Community and Ecosystem Ecology

Where Do You Live? Climate and Biomes

Organ Donation: Tissues Organs and Organ Systems

Clearing the Air: Respiratory Cardiovascular and Excretory Systems

Vaccinations: Protection and Prevention or Peril? Immune System

Sex Differences and Athleticism: Endocrine Skeletal and Muscular Systems

Is There Something in the Water? Reproductive and Developmental Biology

Attention Deficit Disorder: Brain Structure and Function

Feeding the World: Plant Structure and Growth

Growing a Green Thumb: Plant Physiology

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During glycolysis, NAD⁺ picks up a hydrogen atom along with its electron to form