Exam 14: Learning and Technology

When Daneesha encounters the problem "If apples are 35¢ each, how much will 7 apples cost?" she thinks, "Many items at the same price . . . hmm, this kind of situation usually calls for multiplication." Daneesha's reasoning reflects the use of:

Which one of the following is most likely to be useful in teaching children to solve mathematical problems effectively?

Three of the following examples illustrate the use of scaffolding in promoting students' problem-solving abilities. Which example does not illustrate scaffolding?

Francis learns that the Spanish word malo means "bad." He later learns that the French word mal also means "bad." Analyzing this situation in terms of the similarity of stimuli and responses, we can predict that Francis will:

In English, the word llama is pronounced "LA-MA." In Spanish, llama is more typically pronounced as "YA-MA" or "JA-MA," depending on the dialect. Analyzing this situation in terms of the similarity of stimuli and responses, we can predict that a person who first learns to read the word in English and then learns to read it in Spanish will:

Which one of the following examples most clearly illustrates how mental set can interfere with problem solving?

Mr. Rangel asks his students to write an essay describing how they would deal with the problem of the diminishing areas in which gorillas can successfully live in the wild. Three of the following factors should influence his students' ability to describe possible solutions to the problem. Which factor will not influence students' ability to do well-either for the better or for the worse-on the essay?

Distinguish between positive and negative transfer, and give a concrete example of each to illustrate the distinction.

Which one of the following problems is the best example of an ill-defined problem?

Which one of the following most clearly illustrates general as opposed to specific) transfer?

Peg is trying to change a light bulb in a ceiling light, but she cannot reach the light even when she stands on a chair. She looks around the room, puzzled, and then suddenly realizes that she can reach the light by piling two telephone books on the chair and standing on them. Peg's approach to the problem can probably best be understood from which one of the following perspectives of problem solving?

Critical thinking can best be described as involving:

Which one of the following statements best describes theorists' rationale for advocating the use of authentic activities?

Which one of the following is the best example of negative transfer?

David is trying to calculate the total cost of the groceries in his grocery cart. He has four apples for 35¢ each, five potatoes for 15¢ each, and three cake mixes for $2.25 each. He begins by thinking to himself, "Let's see, four times 35¢ is what? Two times 35¢ is 70¢, and then two times 70¢ is $1.40. And then what do I do next? Oh, yes, I need to know what 5 times 15 equals. I can't remember, but let's see if I can figure it out...." From an information processing perspective, David may have difficulty solving the problem because:

Research indicates that people are more likely to be successful problem solvers in a given subject area when they:

Three of the following teaching strategies should promote critical thinking. Which strategy, although beneficial in other ways, will not necessarily promote critical thinking skills?

Three of the following statements describe how cooperative groups can promote more effective problem solving. Which statement is not an accurate statement regarding the benefits of cooperative group problem solving?

Which one of the following examples most clearly illustrates the effect of functional fixedness on problem solving?

Three of the following are true statements regarding problem based learning? Which of the following is not?