Question 1

Indian economist and Nobel laureate Amartya Sen argues which of the following in regards to the relationship between democracy and economic dynamism?

Accepted Answer

A)  Authoritarian governments are most effective at promoting economic growth. 
B)  Government policy should not be based on economic goals. 
C)  Political and civil rights are crucial to economic development. 
D)  Disasters such as famine are unavoidable. 
A)  Authoritarian governments are most effective at promoting economic growth. 
B)  Government policy should not be based on economic goals. 
C)  Political and civil rights are crucial to economic development. 
D)  Disasters such as famine are unavoidable.

Question 2

How did Amnesty International respond to countries such as Argentina and Chile killing and torturing civilians?

Accepted Answer

A)  By cataloguing and publicizing human right violations 
B)  By supplying legal defense for the accused 
C)  By setting up a truth and reconciliation commission 
D)  By working with the Red Cross to send medical supplies to the prisoners 
A)  By cataloguing and publicizing human right violations 
B)  By supplying legal defense for the accused 
C)  By setting up a truth and reconciliation commission 
D)  By working with the Red Cross to send medical supplies to the prisoners

Question 3

Why did the end of the Cold War lead to outbreaks of violence in the Balkans?

Accepted Answer

A)  Protesters were no longer afraid of being deported to Soviet labor camps if they acted violently. 
B)  Developers and transnational corporations were fighting over access to the limited industrial infrastructure available in the region. 
C)  People sought revenge against those whom they believed had treated them unfairly under communism. 
D)  Demagogues led people to see themselves as citizens of ethnically defined nations rather than pluralistic communities. 
A)  Protesters were no longer afraid of being deported to Soviet labor camps if they acted violently. 
B)  Developers and transnational corporations were fighting over access to the limited industrial infrastructure available in the region. 
C)  People sought revenge against those whom they believed had treated them unfairly under communism. 
D)  Demagogues led people to see themselves as citizens of ethnically defined nations rather than pluralistic communities.

Question 4

American culture is not only highly influential in the globalized modern world,but it is also influenced by ideas and cultural traditions from other parts of the world.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Mikhail Gorbachev's perestroika reform program included which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Privatization of state-run businesses 
B)  Less autonomy for the individual republics of the Soviet Union 
C)  Multicandidate elections for Communist party posts 
D)  Legalizing all political parties 
A)  Privatization of state-run businesses 
B)  Less autonomy for the individual republics of the Soviet Union 
C)  Multicandidate elections for Communist party posts 
D)  Legalizing all political parties

Question 6

Which of the following undermined the authority of national governments after the 1970s?

Accepted Answer

A)  The women's movement sought international reforms,bypassing nation-states. 
B)  Labor unions often fought for their workers' rights and destabilized repressive regimes. 
C)  Religious groups often came into conflict with one another and with secular governments. 
D)  The United Nations charter took power away from individual nation-states. 
A)  The women's movement sought international reforms,bypassing nation-states. 
B)  Labor unions often fought for their workers' rights and destabilized repressive regimes. 
C)  Religious groups often came into conflict with one another and with secular governments. 
D)  The United Nations charter took power away from individual nation-states.

Question 7

During the 1970s and 1980s,which of the following caused internal trouble for both the Soviet Union and the United States?

Accepted Answer

A)  High unemployment 
B)  Dependence on imported goods 
C)  The cost of the arms buildup 
D)  Antinuclear protest movements 
A)  High unemployment 
B)  Dependence on imported goods 
C)  The cost of the arms buildup 
D)  Antinuclear protest movements

Question 8

Which of the following countries used both rewards and strict penalties to bring down their birth rate in the 1980s?

Accepted Answer

A)  India 
B)  Brazil 
C)  Nigeria 
D)  China 
A)  India 
B)  Brazil 
C)  Nigeria 
D)  China

Question 9

How did South Africa achieve majority rule?

Accepted Answer

A)  South Africa achieved majority rule through negotiations between the ruling minority government and African liberation activists,followed by free elections. 
B)  South Africa achieved majority rule through a process of mediation led by nongovernmental organizations (NGOs),followed by free elections. 
C)  South Africa achieved majority rule through forcible seizure of power by liberation activists,followed by free elections. 
D)  South Africa achieved majority rule through a negotiated transition brokered by the United States and the Soviets,followed by free elections. 
A)  South Africa achieved majority rule through negotiations between the ruling minority government and African liberation activists,followed by free elections. 
B)  South Africa achieved majority rule through a process of mediation led by nongovernmental organizations (NGOs),followed by free elections. 
C)  South Africa achieved majority rule through forcible seizure of power by liberation activists,followed by free elections. 
D)  South Africa achieved majority rule through a negotiated transition brokered by the United States and the Soviets,followed by free elections.

Question 10

Which of the following was one of the causes of the protests at Tiananmen Square in 1989?

Accepted Answer

A)  Frustration over the reversal of the Cultural Revolution 
B)  Failure of economic reforms 
C)  Increasing public awareness of government corruption 
D)  Little change in the standard of living 
A)  Frustration over the reversal of the Cultural Revolution 
B)  Failure of economic reforms 
C)  Increasing public awareness of government corruption 
D)  Little change in the standard of living

Question 11

In the late twentieth-century United States,which of the following was often attacked by religious conservatives?

Accepted Answer

A)  American participation in supranational organizations 
B)  Social changes stemming from the liberation movements of the 1960s and 1970s 
C)  The growing gap between rich and poor in the United States 
D)  American military intervention in Latin America 
A)  American participation in supranational organizations 
B)  Social changes stemming from the liberation movements of the 1960s and 1970s 
C)  The growing gap between rich and poor in the United States 
D)  American military intervention in Latin America

Question 12

Wealthy host societies in Europe and the United States struggled to adapt to the religious and cultural diversity of new immigrants in the twenty-first century.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which of the following is a reason why homesteaders' attempts to farm and ranch in the Amazon rain forest ultimately were unsuccessful?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rain forest soils were poor and easily eroded,and land titles were not secure. 
B)  Excessive use of pesticides and herbicides poisoned the land. 
C)  Government geologists supplanted the farmers searching for sources of fossil fuels. 
D)  Growing "green" fuels,such as sugarcane biomass,was more lucrative but not suited to the rain forest ecosystem. 
A)  Rain forest soils were poor and easily eroded,and land titles were not secure. 
B)  Excessive use of pesticides and herbicides poisoned the land. 
C)  Government geologists supplanted the farmers searching for sources of fossil fuels. 
D)  Growing "green" fuels,such as sugarcane biomass,was more lucrative but not suited to the rain forest ecosystem.

Question 14

Which of the following was a primary goal of the truth commission process used during transitions from oppressive governments to democratic ones?

Accepted Answer

A)  To punish the perpetrators of violent acts under the old regime 
B)  To prevent mass killings 
C)  To force the overthrow of governments that violated human rights 
D)  To increase the legitimacy of the new democratic government 
A)  To punish the perpetrators of violent acts under the old regime 
B)  To prevent mass killings 
C)  To force the overthrow of governments that violated human rights 
D)  To increase the legitimacy of the new democratic government

Question 15

Why were the World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF)accused of engaging in neo-imperialism at the end of the twentieth century?

Accepted Answer

A)  They backed up their economic prescriptions with military force. 
B)  They forced changes in policy on recipients of aid in exchange for their assistance. 
C)  They stripped resources and raw materials from poor,underdeveloped nations. 
D)  They demanded that client states adopt Western culture. 
A)  They backed up their economic prescriptions with military force. 
B)  They forced changes in policy on recipients of aid in exchange for their assistance. 
C)  They stripped resources and raw materials from poor,underdeveloped nations. 
D)  They demanded that client states adopt Western culture.

Question 16

Which of the following explains development economists' beliefs that modern famines in Africa are not natural disasters,but are human-made?

Accepted Answer

A)  Famines are usually caused by scorched-earth tactics during wartime. 
B)  Famines are caused by overpopulation and lack of resources. 
C)  Famines usually result from government policies that ignore rural areas and inhibit the production or distribution of food. 
D)  Famines are caused by lack of knowledge about agricultural techniques best suited to the African continent. 
A)  Famines are usually caused by scorched-earth tactics during wartime. 
B)  Famines are caused by overpopulation and lack of resources. 
C)  Famines usually result from government policies that ignore rural areas and inhibit the production or distribution of food. 
D)  Famines are caused by lack of knowledge about agricultural techniques best suited to the African continent.

Question 17

Which of the following led to the survival of local cultures at the end of the twentieth century?

Accepted Answer

A)  Local cultures lived on,and in some cases were revived,through challenges to the authority of nation-states. 
B)  Local cultures were encouraged by the expansion of global media. 
C)  Local cultures were revived by the arts and crafts movement. 
D)  Local cultures were protected by the United Nations as part of its declaration of human rights. 
A)  Local cultures lived on,and in some cases were revived,through challenges to the authority of nation-states. 
B)  Local cultures were encouraged by the expansion of global media. 
C)  Local cultures were revived by the arts and crafts movement. 
D)  Local cultures were protected by the United Nations as part of its declaration of human rights.

Question 18

Which of the following religiously based groups had a long tradition of offering alternatives to Western forms of government and political philosophy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hindu nationalism 
B)  Christian fundamentalism 
C)  Islamic conservatism 
D)  Falun Gong 
A)  Hindu nationalism 
B)  Christian fundamentalism 
C)  Islamic conservatism 
D)  Falun Gong

Question 19

Which of the following sports most clearly exemplifies the globalizing impact of television in the last part of the twentieth century?

Accepted Answer

A)  Baseball 
B)  Soccer 
C)  Cricket 
D)  Rugby 
A)  Baseball 
B)  Soccer 
C)  Cricket 
D)  Rugby

Question 20

In the 1980s and 1990s,which of the following highlighted the declining efficacy of the nation-state?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nation-states could not define or protect human rights. 
B)  Nation-states could not adequately regulate human impact on the environment,such as global warming. 
C)  Nation-states failed to maintain sufficient military might to protect their borders. 
D)  Nation-states failed to address economic issues that left their people in poverty. 
A)  Nation-states could not define or protect human rights. 
B)  Nation-states could not adequately regulate human impact on the environment,such as global warming. 
C)  Nation-states failed to maintain sufficient military might to protect their borders. 
D)  Nation-states failed to address economic issues that left their people in poverty.

Exam 21: Globalization 1970-2000

Indian economist and Nobel laureate Amartya Sen argues which of the following in regards to the relationship between democracy and economic dynamism?

How did Amnesty International respond to countries such as Argentina and Chile killing and torturing civilians?

Why did the end of the Cold War lead to outbreaks of violence in the Balkans?

American culture is not only highly influential in the globalized modern world,but it is also influenced by ideas and cultural traditions from other parts of the world.

Mikhail Gorbachev's perestroika reform program included which of the following?

Which of the following undermined the authority of national governments after the 1970s?

During the 1970s and 1980s,which of the following caused internal trouble for both the Soviet Union and the United States?

Which of the following countries used both rewards and strict penalties to bring down their birth rate in the 1980s?

How did South Africa achieve majority rule?

Which of the following was one of the causes of the protests at Tiananmen Square in 1989?

In the late twentieth-century United States,which of the following was often attacked by religious conservatives?

Wealthy host societies in Europe and the United States struggled to adapt to the religious and cultural diversity of new immigrants in the twenty-first century.

Which of the following is a reason why homesteaders' attempts to farm and ranch in the Amazon rain forest ultimately were unsuccessful?

Which of the following was a primary goal of the truth commission process used during transitions from oppressive governments to democratic ones?

Why were the World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF)accused of engaging in neo-imperialism at the end of the twentieth century?

Which of the following explains development economists' beliefs that modern famines in Africa are not natural disasters,but are human-made?

Which of the following led to the survival of local cultures at the end of the twentieth century?

Which of the following religiously based groups had a long tradition of offering alternatives to Western forms of government and political philosophy?

Which of the following sports most clearly exemplifies the globalizing impact of television in the last part of the twentieth century?

In the 1980s and 1990s,which of the following highlighted the declining efficacy of the nation-state?

Becoming Human

Rivers,cities,and First States 3500-2000 Bce

Nomads,territorial States,and Microsocieties 2000-1200 Bce

First Empires and Common Cultures in Afro-Eurasia 1250-325 Bce

Worlds Turned Inside Out 1000-350 Bce

Shrinking the Afro-Eurasian World 350-100 Bce

Han Dynasty China and Imperial Rome 300 Bce-300 Ce

The Rise of Universalizing Religions 300-600 Ce

New Empires and Common Cultures 600-1000 Ce

Becoming the World 1000-1300 Ce

Crisis and Recovery in Afro-Eurasia 1300-1500

Contact,commerce,and Colonization 1450-1600

Worlds Entangled 1600-1750

Cultures of Splendor and Power 1500-1780

Reordering the World 1750-1850

Alternative Visions of the Nineteenth Century

Nations and Empires 1850-1914

An Unsettled World 1890-1914

Of Masses and Visions of the Modern 1910-1939

The Three-World Order 1940-1975

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