Exam 4: Social Structure and Interaction in Everyday Life

Ferdinand Tӧnnies used the term__________ for a large, urban society in which social bonds are based on impersonal and specialized relationships, with little long-term commitment to the group and little consensus on values.

A __________ is a set of behavioral expectations associated with a given status.

Which of these is not part of the sociological definition of any group?

Social structure creates stability and order in a society, but also creates boundaries and establishes unequal relations between groups of people.

The perspective developed by Erving Goffman that compares everyday life to a theatrical presentation is called __________.

Which of these questions best describes the interests of ethnomethodologists?

Explain the difference between a social institution and a formal organization. Give an example to illustrate the difference.

Which of these is the best illustration of the characterization of roles as relational?

A football coach who always plays the "tough guy" role in the presence of the players on his team feels comfortable showing emotional frailties when he is at home. This illustrates what sociologist Erving Goffman called __________ behavior.

Which of these is an example of an achieved status?

Carlos is a freshman at the local college. As a student, he is feeling pressure. He wants to party like the rest of his fraternity brothers, but at the same time, he wants to maintain his 4.0 grade point average. Sociologists would say that Carlos is experiencing __________ .

Mikayla is told repeatedly that she is not a very good athlete. Eventually, she comes to believe it, puts in little effort in gym class, and receives a poor grade. This scenario is an illustration of__________ .

Which of these would not be considered a form of face-saving behavior?

Which of these is the best example of a primary group?

Define social group, explain the difference between primary groups and secondary groups, and give examples of each.

A __________ is a set of organized beliefs and rules that establishes how a society will attempt to meet its basic social needs.

Which of these is not characteristic of industrial society?

A __________ is a socially defined position in a group or society characterized by certain expectations, rights, and duties, and it exists independently of the specific people occupying the position.

Amber is a first grade teacher, a daughter, a wife, a mother, a Presbyterian, a soccer coach, and a Kansas resident. Taken together, all of these socially defined positions constitute her __________ .

Describe sociologist Emile Durkheim's types of solidarity: mechanical and organic solidarity.