Exam 4: Social Structure and Interaction in Everyday Life

__________ theorists do not believe that social institutions work for the common good of everyone in society. They emphasize that social institutions are most likely to meet the needs of those with the greatest amount of power in a society.

__________ theorists maintain that in capitalistic societies, where a few people control the labor of many, the social structure reflects a system of relationships of domination and subordination.

Regardless of a person's other characteristics, which of these is most likely to become a stigmatized master status?

Describe the processes of role distancing and role exiting.

__________ refers to the conscious fostering of the impression of a lack of commitment or attachment to a particular role. It is clear one merely goes through the motions of role performance.

Which of these statements about personal space is false?

From the __________ perspective, social institutions are not organized for the common good of everyone.

The expectations for being a college student include attending class, completing assignments, and being involved in campus activities. These expectations are an example of a __________ .

Sociologists Emile Durkheim and Ferdinand Tӧnnies both__________ .

Which of the following characterizes a Gemeinschaft society?

__________ , or cohesion, refers to a group's ability to maintain itself in the face of obstacles. It exists when social bonds, attractions, or other forces hold members of a group in interaction over a period of time.

Sociologist Arlie Hochschild suggests that we acquire a set of__________ that shape the appropriate emotions for a given role or specific situation, including how, where, when, and with whom an emotion should be expressed.

The concept of __________ refers to the social cohesion found in industrial societies, in which people perform very specialized tasks and feel united by their mutual dependence.

What do most men consider to be their master status?

Our roles are defined in the context of roles performed by others.

Sociologist Helen Ebaugh concluded that role exit occurs in four stages, the second of which is__________ , in which people may step away from their existing roles.

A status set comprises all the statuses that a person occupies at a given time.

One's occupation is an indicator of level of education and income and may also reflect family background. In the United States, occupation is an important determinant of social position. This makes occupation a likely __________ status.

Explain the two types of societies described by Tӧnnies according to their degree of social solidarity and social control.

Social encounters and social interaction have different meaning for people based on their status and previous experience.