Question 1

Some cancer drugs work during the cell cycle phase where nuclear and cytoplasmic division occurs.What is this cell cycle phase called?

Accepted Answer

A)  G1 
B)  S 
C)  M 
D)  G2 
A)  G1 
B)  S 
C)  M 
D)  G2

Question 2

A patient who has diarrhea receives a hypertonic saline solution intravenously to replace the sodium and chloride lost in the stool.What effect will this fluid replacement have on cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cells will become hydrated. 
B)  Cells will swell or burst. 
C)  Cells will shrink. 
D)  Cells will divide. 
A)  Cells will become hydrated. 
B)  Cells will swell or burst. 
C)  Cells will shrink. 
D)  Cells will divide.

Question 3

In teaching a patient with cirrhosis,which information should the nurse include regarding cholesterol?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cholesterol decreases the membrane fluidity of the erythrocyte, which reduces its ability to carry oxygen. 
B)  Cholesterol decreases the membrane fluidity of erythrocytes, which reduces its ability to carry hemoglobin. 
C)  Cholesterol increases the membrane fluidity of erythrocytes, which allows binding of excess glucose. 
D)  Cholesterol increases the membrane fluidity of erythrocytes, which prolongs its life span beyond 120 days. 
A)  Cholesterol decreases the membrane fluidity of the erythrocyte, which reduces its ability to carry oxygen. 
B)  Cholesterol decreases the membrane fluidity of erythrocytes, which reduces its ability to carry hemoglobin. 
C)  Cholesterol increases the membrane fluidity of erythrocytes, which allows binding of excess glucose. 
D)  Cholesterol increases the membrane fluidity of erythrocytes, which prolongs its life span beyond 120 days.

Question 4

The phase of the cell cycle during which the centromeres split and the sister chromatids are pulled apart is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  Anaphase 
B)  Telophase 
C)  Prophase 
D)  Metaphase 
A)  Anaphase 
B)  Telophase 
C)  Prophase 
D)  Metaphase

Question 5

The student is reviewing functions of the cell.The student would be correct in identifying the primary function of the nerve cell as:

Accepted Answer

A)  Sensory interpretation 
B)  Conductivity 
C)  Maintenance of homeostasis 
D)  Communication 
A)  Sensory interpretation 
B)  Conductivity 
C)  Maintenance of homeostasis 
D)  Communication

Question 6

What causes the rapid change in the resting membrane potential that initiates an action potential?

Accepted Answer

A)  Potassium gates open, and potassium rushes into the cell, changing the membrane potential from negative to positive. 
B)  Sodium gates open, and sodium rushes into the cell, changing the membrane potential from negative to positive. 
C)  Sodium gates close, allowing potassium into the cell to change the membrane potential from positive to negative. 
D)  Potassium gates close, allowing sodium into the cell to change the membrane potential from positive to negative. 
A)  Potassium gates open, and potassium rushes into the cell, changing the membrane potential from negative to positive. 
B)  Sodium gates open, and sodium rushes into the cell, changing the membrane potential from negative to positive. 
C)  Sodium gates close, allowing potassium into the cell to change the membrane potential from positive to negative. 
D)  Potassium gates close, allowing sodium into the cell to change the membrane potential from positive to negative.

Question 7

A nurse is teaching the staff about the three phases of cellular catabolism.Which of the following should the nurse include?

Accepted Answer

A)  Digestion, glycolysis and oxidation, and the citric acid cycle 
B)  Diffusion, osmosis, and mediated transport 
C)  S phase, G phase, and M phase 
D)  Metabolic absorption, respiration, and excretion 
A)  Digestion, glycolysis and oxidation, and the citric acid cycle 
B)  Diffusion, osmosis, and mediated transport 
C)  S phase, G phase, and M phase 
D)  Metabolic absorption, respiration, and excretion

Question 8

Pancreatic beta cells secrete insulin,which inhibits secretion of glucagon from neighboring alpha cells.This action is an example of which of the following signaling types?

Accepted Answer

A)  Paracrine 
B)  Autocrine 
C)  Neurohormonal 
D)  Hormonal 
A)  Paracrine 
B)  Autocrine 
C)  Neurohormonal 
D)  Hormonal

Question 9

What is the role of cytokines in cell reproduction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Provide growth factor for tissue growth and development 
B)  Block progress of cell reproduction through the cell cycle 
C)  Restrain cell growth and development 
D)  Provide nutrients for cell growth and development 
A)  Provide growth factor for tissue growth and development 
B)  Block progress of cell reproduction through the cell cycle 
C)  Restrain cell growth and development 
D)  Provide nutrients for cell growth and development

Question 10

A nurse is instructing the staff about cellular functions.Which cellular function is the nurse describing when an isolated cell absorbs oxygen and uses it to transform nutrients to energy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Metabolic absorption 
B)  Communication 
C)  Secretion 
D)  Respiration 
A)  Metabolic absorption 
B)  Communication 
C)  Secretion 
D)  Respiration

Question 11

A cell is isolated,and electrophysiology studies reveal that the resting membrane potential is -70 millivolts.The predominant intracellular ion is Na+,and the predominant extracellular ion is K+.With voltage change,which of the following would result in an action potential?

Accepted Answer

A)  K+ rushing into the cell 
B)  Na+ rushing into the cell 
C)  Na+ rushing out of the cell 
D)  K+ rushing out of the cell 
A)  K+ rushing into the cell 
B)  Na+ rushing into the cell 
C)  Na+ rushing out of the cell 
D)  K+ rushing out of the cell

Question 12

A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication.In which region of the cell would most of the genetic information be contained?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mitochondria 
B)  Ribosome 
C)  Nucleolus 
D)  Nucleus 
A)  Mitochondria 
B)  Ribosome 
C)  Nucleolus 
D)  Nucleus

Question 13

An athlete runs a marathon,after which his muscles feel fatigued and unable to contract.The athlete asks the nurse why this happened.How should the nurse respond? A deficiency in ________ can cause impaired muscle contraction.

Accepted Answer

A)  GTP 
B)  AMP 
C)  ATP 
D)  GMP 
A)  GTP 
B)  AMP 
C)  ATP 
D)  GMP

Question 14

During which process can lysosomal enzymes be released to degrade engulfed particles?

Accepted Answer

A)  Endocytosis 
B)  Pinocytosis 
C)  Phagocytosis 
D)  Exocytosis 
A)  Endocytosis 
B)  Pinocytosis 
C)  Phagocytosis 
D)  Exocytosis

Question 15

A biopsy of the lung bronchi revealed ciliated epithelial cells that are capable of secretion and absorption.These cells are called _____ columnar epithelium.

Accepted Answer

A)  Simple 
B)  Ciliated simple 
C)  Stratified 
D)  Pseudostratified ciliated 
A)  Simple 
B)  Ciliated simple 
C)  Stratified 
D)  Pseudostratified ciliated

Question 16

Why is potassium able to diffuse easily in and out of cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because potassium has a greater concentration in the intracellular fluid (ICF) 
B)  Because sodium has a greater concentration in the extracellular fluid (ECF) 
C)  Because the resting plasma membrane is more permeable to potassium 
D)  Because there is an excess of anions inside the cell 
A)  Because potassium has a greater concentration in the intracellular fluid (ICF) 
B)  Because sodium has a greater concentration in the extracellular fluid (ECF) 
C)  Because the resting plasma membrane is more permeable to potassium 
D)  Because there is an excess of anions inside the cell

Question 17

How are potassium and sodium transported across plasma membranes?

Accepted Answer

A)  By passive electrolyte channels 
B)  By coupled channels 
C)  By adenosine triphosphate enzyme (ATPase) 
D)  By diffusion. 
A)  By passive electrolyte channels 
B)  By coupled channels 
C)  By adenosine triphosphate enzyme (ATPase) 
D)  By diffusion.

Question 18

A patient has a body fluid of 300 mOsm/kg.This lab result is measuring:

Accepted Answer

A)  Osmolality 
B)  Osmolarity 
C)  Osmotic pressure 
D)  Oncotic pressure 
A)  Osmolality 
B)  Osmolarity 
C)  Osmotic pressure 
D)  Oncotic pressure

Exam 1: Cellular Biology

Some cancer drugs work during the cell cycle phase where nuclear and cytoplasmic division occurs.What is this cell cycle phase called?

A patient who has diarrhea receives a hypertonic saline solution intravenously to replace the sodium and chloride lost in the stool.What effect will this fluid replacement have on cells?

In teaching a patient with cirrhosis,which information should the nurse include regarding cholesterol?

The phase of the cell cycle during which the centromeres split and the sister chromatids are pulled apart is referred to as:

The student is reviewing functions of the cell.The student would be correct in identifying the primary function of the nerve cell as:

What causes the rapid change in the resting membrane potential that initiates an action potential?

A nurse is teaching the staff about the three phases of cellular catabolism.Which of the following should the nurse include?

Pancreatic beta cells secrete insulin,which inhibits secretion of glucagon from neighboring alpha cells.This action is an example of which of the following signaling types?

What is the role of cytokines in cell reproduction?

A nurse is instructing the staff about cellular functions.Which cellular function is the nurse describing when an isolated cell absorbs oxygen and uses it to transform nutrients to energy?

A cell is isolated,and electrophysiology studies reveal that the resting membrane potential is -70 millivolts.The predominant intracellular ion is Na+,and the predominant extracellular ion is K+.With voltage change,which of the following would result in an action potential?

A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication.In which region of the cell would most of the genetic information be contained?

An athlete runs a marathon,after which his muscles feel fatigued and unable to contract.The athlete asks the nurse why this happened.How should the nurse respond? A deficiency in ________ can cause impaired muscle contraction.

During which process can lysosomal enzymes be released to degrade engulfed particles?

A biopsy of the lung bronchi revealed ciliated epithelial cells that are capable of secretion and absorption.These cells are called _____ columnar epithelium.

Why is potassium able to diffuse easily in and out of cells?

How are potassium and sodium transported across plasma membranes?

A patient has a body fluid of 300 mOsm/kg.This lab result is measuring:

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing

Adaptive Immunity

Infection and Defects in Mechanisms of Defense

Stress and Disease

Biology, Clinical Manifestations, and Treatment of Cancer

Cancer Epidemiology

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics and Motor Function

Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Hematologic Function

Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Reproductive Systems Including Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Filters

A cell is isolated,and electrophysiology studies reveal that the resting membrane potential is -70 millivolts.The predominant intracellular ion is Na⁺,and the predominant extracellular ion is K⁺.With voltage change,which of the following would result in an action potential?