Question 1

A nurse wants to determine if there is kidney dysfunction in a patient with diabetes.Which of the following is the earliest manifestation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Polyuria 
B)  Glycosuria 
C)  Microalbuminuria 
D)  Decreased glomerular filtration 
A)  Polyuria 
B)  Glycosuria 
C)  Microalbuminuria 
D)  Decreased glomerular filtration

Question 2

A 49-year-old female is diagnosed with hypercortisolism.Which of the following would the nurse expect?

Accepted Answer

A)  Weight loss 
B)  Hypoglycemia 
C)  Decreased urination 
D)  Osteoporosis 
A)  Weight loss 
B)  Hypoglycemia 
C)  Decreased urination 
D)  Osteoporosis

Question 3

A 35-year-old female took corticosteroid therapy for several months.Which of the following would the nurse expect to find?

Accepted Answer

A)  Renal toxicity 
B)  Episodes of hypoglycemia 
C)  Hypotension 
D)  Type 2 DM 
A)  Renal toxicity 
B)  Episodes of hypoglycemia 
C)  Hypotension 
D)  Type 2 DM

Question 4

A 45-year-old female with Graves disease underwent surgical removal of her thyroid gland.During the postoperative period,her serum calcium was low.The most probable reason for her low serum calcium is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Hyperparathyroidism secondary to Graves disease 
B)  Myxedema secondary to surgery 
C)  Hypoparathyroidism caused by surgical injury to the parathyroid glands 
D)  Hypothyroidism resulting from lack of thyroid replacement 
A)  Hyperparathyroidism secondary to Graves disease 
B)  Myxedema secondary to surgery 
C)  Hypoparathyroidism caused by surgical injury to the parathyroid glands 
D)  Hypothyroidism resulting from lack of thyroid replacement

Question 5

A 12-year-old female is newly diagnosed with type 1 DM.When the parents ask what causes this,what is the nurse's best response?

Accepted Answer

A)  A familial, autosomal dominant gene defect 
B)  Obesity and lack of exercise 
C)  Immune destruction of the pancreas 
D)  Hyperglycemia from eating too many sweets 
A)  A familial, autosomal dominant gene defect 
B)  Obesity and lack of exercise 
C)  Immune destruction of the pancreas 
D)  Hyperglycemia from eating too many sweets

Question 6

A 25-year-old male presents to his primary care provider reporting changes in facial features.CT scan reveals a mass on the anterior pituitary,and lab tests reveal severely elevated growth hormone (GH).Which of the following would the nurse also expect to find?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decreased IGF-1 
B)  Hypotension 
C)  Sexual dysfunction 
D)  Height increases 
A)  Decreased IGF-1 
B)  Hypotension 
C)  Sexual dysfunction 
D)  Height increases

Question 7

When a nurse is assessing the physical features of individuals with Cushing syndrome,these findings will include:

Accepted Answer

A)  Weight loss and muscle wasting 
B)  Truncal obesity and moon face 
C)  Pallor and swollen tongue 
D)  Depigmented skin and eyelid lag 
A)  Weight loss and muscle wasting 
B)  Truncal obesity and moon face 
C)  Pallor and swollen tongue 
D)  Depigmented skin and eyelid lag

Question 8

A 19-year-old female with type 1 DM was admitted to the hospital with the following lab values: serum glucose 500 mg/dl (high),urine glucose and ketones 4+ (high),and arterial pH 7.20 (low).Her parents state that she has been sick with the "flu" for a week.Which of the following statements best explains her acidotic state?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased insulin levels promote protein breakdown and ketone formation. 
B)  Her uncontrolled diabetes has led to renal failure. 
C)  Low serum insulin promotes lipid storage and a corresponding release of ketones. 
D)  Insulin deficiency promotes lipid metabolism and ketone formation. 
A)  Increased insulin levels promote protein breakdown and ketone formation. 
B)  Her uncontrolled diabetes has led to renal failure. 
C)  Low serum insulin promotes lipid storage and a corresponding release of ketones. 
D)  Insulin deficiency promotes lipid metabolism and ketone formation.

Question 9

Which of the following diseases should the nurse teach the patient to prevent as it is the ultimate cause of death in the patient with diabetes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Renal disease 
B)  Stroke 
C)  Cardiovascular disease 
D)  Cancer 
A)  Renal disease 
B)  Stroke 
C)  Cardiovascular disease 
D)  Cancer

Question 10

While planning care for a patient with hypothyroidism,which principle should the nurse remember? The basal metabolic rate is unusually _____ with hypothyroidism.

Accepted Answer

A)  High 
B)  Low 
C)  Steady 
D)  Variable 
A)  High 
B)  Low 
C)  Steady 
D)  Variable

Question 11

A 3-year-old male was diagnosed with congenital hypothyroidism.The parents ask the nurse if left untreated what will happen.What is the nurse's best response? If left untreated,the child would have:

Accepted Answer

A)  Mental retardation and stunted growth 
B)  Increased risk of childhood thyroid cancer 
C)  Hyperactivity and attention deficit disorder 
D)  Liver, kidney, and pancreas failure 
A)  Mental retardation and stunted growth 
B)  Increased risk of childhood thyroid cancer 
C)  Hyperactivity and attention deficit disorder 
D)  Liver, kidney, and pancreas failure

Exam 18: Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

A nurse wants to determine if there is kidney dysfunction in a patient with diabetes.Which of the following is the earliest manifestation?

A 49-year-old female is diagnosed with hypercortisolism.Which of the following would the nurse expect?

A 35-year-old female took corticosteroid therapy for several months.Which of the following would the nurse expect to find?

A 45-year-old female with Graves disease underwent surgical removal of her thyroid gland.During the postoperative period,her serum calcium was low.The most probable reason for her low serum calcium is:

A 12-year-old female is newly diagnosed with type 1 DM.When the parents ask what causes this,what is the nurse's best response?

A 25-year-old male presents to his primary care provider reporting changes in facial features.CT scan reveals a mass on the anterior pituitary,and lab tests reveal severely elevated growth hormone (GH).Which of the following would the nurse also expect to find?

When a nurse is assessing the physical features of individuals with Cushing syndrome,these findings will include:

Which of the following diseases should the nurse teach the patient to prevent as it is the ultimate cause of death in the patient with diabetes?

While planning care for a patient with hypothyroidism,which principle should the nurse remember? The basal metabolic rate is unusually _____ with hypothyroidism.

A 3-year-old male was diagnosed with congenital hypothyroidism.The parents ask the nurse if left untreated what will happen.What is the nurse's best response? If left untreated,the child would have:

Cellular Biology

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing

Adaptive Immunity

Infection and Defects in Mechanisms of Defense

Stress and Disease

Biology, Clinical Manifestations, and Treatment of Cancer

Cancer Epidemiology

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics and Motor Function

Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Hematologic Function

Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Reproductive Systems Including Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

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