Exam 25: Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

An 80-year-old male presents to his primary care provider reporting difficulty breathing.Pulmonary function tests reveal that he has increased residual volume.A nurse suspects the most likely cause of this disorder is _____ in lung compliance.

A pulmonologist,while presenting a seminar on partial pressures of oxygen,would include which statement? At sea level,the partial pressure of oxygen is approximately ___% (round to the nearest whole number).

If a patient's hemoglobin concentration (Hb)is 14 g/100 ml and arterial oxygen saturation (SaO₂)is 98%,what would be his arterial oxygen content? Remember that 1.34 ml O₂ is the maximum amount of oxygen that can be transported per gram of hemoglobin. Hint: O? content = (1.34 ´ Hb)SaO₂

Students in a histology class are assigned to identify regions of the lung.The slide shows a basement membrane,capillary lumen,and macrophages.The students are looking at the:

____% of oxygen (O₂)enters the bloodstream bound to hemoglobin

After entering a room of chemical fog,a 20-year-old male cannot stop sneezing.Which of the following structures is primarily responsible for his sneezing?

During inspiration,muscular contraction of the diaphragm causes air to move into the lung.The mechanisms that drive air movement during inspiration are a(n):

A pulmonologist is discussing the base of the lungs with staff.Which information should be included? At the base of the lungs:

A 42-year-old male was involved in a motor vehicle accident during which he suffered a severe head injury.He died shortly after the accident from loss of respiration.The nurse suspects the area of the brain most likely involved is the:

Which principle should the nurse remember while planning care for a patient with respiratory problems? Diffusion of respiratory gases takes place at the:

If an individual with respiratory difficulty were retaining too much carbon dioxide,which of the following compensatory responses would the nurse expect to be initiated?

A newborn is in respiratory distress and requires ventilation.Tests reveal that he does not produce surfactant due to the absence of:

Which of the following terms should the nurse use when there is a balance between outward recoil of the chest wall and inward recoil of lungs at rest?

What is the partial pressure of oxygen in the lung given the following conditions? Percentage of oxygen in air: 20 Barometric pressure: 700 mm Hg

_____ seconds is required for oxygen (O₂)concentration to equilibrate (equalize)across the alveolocapillary membrane.