Question 1

What is a common method researchers may use to assess mental health disorders?

Accepted Answer

A)  clinical interviews 
B)  self-report questionnaire 
C)  experiments 
D)  archival analysis 
A)  clinical interviews 
B)  self-report questionnaire 
C)  experiments 
D)  archival analysis A

Question 2

Five test takers completed a questionnaire, and their responses to the first item were 10, 10, 12, 12, and 6. What is the mean score for this item?

Accepted Answer

A)  10 
B)  12 
C)  15 
D)  50 
A)  10 
B)  12 
C)  15 
D)  50 A

Question 3

Which scientific method is the only way to prove causation?

Accepted Answer

A)  experiment 
B)  longitudinal study 
C)  projective test 
D)  fMRI 
A)  experiment 
B)  longitudinal study 
C)  projective test 
D)  fMRI A

Question 4

The mean, mode, and median are all examples of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  statistical significance 
B)  a standard deviation 
C)  correlations 
D)  descriptive statistics 
A)  statistical significance 
B)  a standard deviation 
C)  correlations 
D)  descriptive statistics

Question 5

Marisol has noticed that the more she exercises, the more her weight goes down. This is an example of a __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  negative correlation 
B)  positive correlation 
C)  reverse scoring procedure 
D)  nondirectional hypothesis 
A)  negative correlation 
B)  positive correlation 
C)  reverse scoring procedure 
D)  nondirectional hypothesis

Question 6

Erik is interviewing participants for his research study. He has a set of questions that he asks every participant, but sometimes asks follow-up questions as needed. What type of interview is he conducting?

Accepted Answer

A)  semi-structured interview 
B)  self-report questionnaire 
C)  projective test 
D)  longitudinal study 
A)  semi-structured interview 
B)  self-report questionnaire 
C)  projective test 
D)  longitudinal study

Question 7

What term do researchers use to describe the most frequent score in a set of raw data?

Accepted Answer

A)  mode 
B)  mean 
C)  median 
D)  standard deviation 
A)  mode 
B)  mean 
C)  median 
D)  standard deviation

Question 8

To be considered reliable, a test-retest correlation between two administrations of the same questionnaire ideally should be ________ or greater.

Accepted Answer

A)  -.40 
B)  .00 
C)  .25 
D)  .70 
A)  -.40 
B)  .00 
C)  .25 
D)  .70

Question 9

How can a researcher ensure that a measure has test-retest reliability?

Accepted Answer

Test-retest reliability can be establish

Question 10

In a normal distribution, what percentage of people scores within two standard deviations of the mean?

Accepted Answer

A)  95 percent 
B)  60 percent 
C)  33 percent 
D)  20 percent 
A)  95 percent 
B)  60 percent 
C)  33 percent 
D)  20 percent

Question 11

Why do personality assessments include some reverse-scored items?

Accepted Answer

A)  because people tend to agree with everything 
B)  because it is difficult to score the items if they are not reversed 
C)  because researchers are required to reverse questions due to ethics 
D)  because people tend to disagree with half of the questions they are asked 
A)  because people tend to agree with everything 
B)  because it is difficult to score the items if they are not reversed 
C)  because researchers are required to reverse questions due to ethics 
D)  because people tend to disagree with half of the questions they are asked

Question 12

Murray wants to examine stability and change in personality over time. He enlists a group of elementary school children and measures their personality when they are in the first grade, then again when they are in the third grade, and then again when they progress to the fifth, sixth, and seventh grades. What kind of study is Murray conducting?

Accepted Answer

A)  a longitudinal study 
B)  an archival study 
C)  an experiment 
D)  a clinical interview 
A)  a longitudinal study 
B)  an archival study 
C)  an experiment 
D)  a clinical interview

Question 13

Which assessment procedure is designed to elicit personality characteristics without directly asking?

Accepted Answer

A)  clinical interviews 
B)  archival data 
C)  projective tests 
D)  informant reports 
A)  clinical interviews 
B)  archival data 
C)  projective tests 
D)  informant reports

Question 14

When a scale is related to a concrete outcome or other behavior, it is said to demonstrate __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  discriminant validity 
B)  predictive validity 
C)  face validity 
D)  convergent validity 
A)  discriminant validity 
B)  predictive validity 
C)  face validity 
D)  convergent validity

Question 15

What is the most commonly used research method in personality psychology?

Accepted Answer

A)  self-report measure 
B)  physiological measure 
C)  experiment 
D)  projective test 
A)  self-report measure 
B)  physiological measure 
C)  experiment 
D)  projective test

Question 16

Studying the speeches of U.S. presidents to assess personality is done using __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  archival research 
B)  experiments 
C)  meta-analysis 
D)  projective tests 
A)  archival research 
B)  experiments 
C)  meta-analysis 
D)  projective tests

Question 17

Angelo wants to ensure that his newly developed measure of empathy does not correlate well with other scales measuring different constructs, such as nonverbal decoding ability, mood awareness, or self-consciousness. Angelo would like to establish __________ for his new measuring instrument.

Accepted Answer

A)  face validity 
B)  internal reliability 
C)  discriminant validity 
D)  convergent validity 
A)  face validity 
B)  internal reliability 
C)  discriminant validity 
D)  convergent validity

Question 18

What do correlations reveal to a researcher?

Accepted Answer

A)  the extent of agreement a respondent shows for a questionnaire item 
B)  both the strength and direction of a relationship between two variables 
C)  a consistent pattern of responding to items on a questionnaire 
D)  the direction of causality between two variables 
A)  the extent of agreement a respondent shows for a questionnaire item 
B)  both the strength and direction of a relationship between two variables 
C)  a consistent pattern of responding to items on a questionnaire 
D)  the direction of causality between two variables

Question 19

Which of the following situations is extraordinarily unlikely?

Accepted Answer

A)  A reliable test is valid. 
B)  A valid test is unreliable. 
C)  A invalid test is unreliable. 
D)  An unreliable test is invalid. 
A)  A reliable test is valid. 
B)  A valid test is unreliable. 
C)  A invalid test is unreliable. 
D)  An unreliable test is invalid.

Question 20

Can a measuring instrument be reliable but not valid? Provide an example.

Accepted Answer

A good answer would include the followin

What is a common method researchers may use to assess mental health disorders?

Five test takers completed a questionnaire, and their responses to the first item were 10, 10, 12, 12, and 6. What is the mean score for this item?

Which scientific method is the only way to prove causation?

The mean, mode, and median are all examples of __________.

Marisol has noticed that the more she exercises, the more her weight goes down. This is an example of a __________.

Erik is interviewing participants for his research study. He has a set of questions that he asks every participant, but sometimes asks follow-up questions as needed. What type of interview is he conducting?

What term do researchers use to describe the most frequent score in a set of raw data?

To be considered reliable, a test-retest correlation between two administrations of the same questionnaire ideally should be ________ or greater.

How can a researcher ensure that a measure has test-retest reliability?

In a normal distribution, what percentage of people scores within two standard deviations of the mean?

Why do personality assessments include some reverse-scored items?

Which assessment procedure is designed to elicit personality characteristics without directly asking?

When a scale is related to a concrete outcome or other behavior, it is said to demonstrate __________.

What is the most commonly used research method in personality psychology?

Studying the speeches of U.S. presidents to assess personality is done using __________.

Angelo wants to ensure that his newly developed measure of empathy does not correlate well with other scales measuring different constructs, such as nonverbal decoding ability, mood awareness, or self-consciousness. Angelo would like to establish __________ for his new measuring instrument.

What do correlations reveal to a researcher?

Which of the following situations is extraordinarily unlikely?

Can a measuring instrument be reliable but not valid? Provide an example.

Understanding Yourself and Others

The Big Five Personality Traits

Biological Underpinnings of Personality

Self-Concept and Self-Processes

Psychodynamic Approaches

Motivation

How Learning Shapes Behavior

Personality Across the Lifespan

Gender and Personality

Culture and Personality

Personality in the Workplace

Personality and Relationships

Personality and Mental Health

Personality and Physical Health

Filters

Exam 2: Assessment and Methods

What is a common method researchers may use to assess mental health disorders?

Five test takers completed a questionnaire, and their responses to the first item were 10, 10, 12, 12, and 6. What is the mean score for this item?

Which scientific method is the only way to prove causation?

The mean, mode, and median are all examples of __________.

Marisol has noticed that the more she exercises, the more her weight goes down. This is an example of a __________.

Erik is interviewing participants for his research study. He has a set of questions that he asks every participant, but sometimes asks follow-up questions as needed. What type of interview is he conducting?

What term do researchers use to describe the most frequent score in a set of raw data?

To be considered reliable, a test-retest correlation between two administrations of the same questionnaire ideally should be ________ or greater.

How can a researcher ensure that a measure has test-retest reliability?

In a normal distribution, what percentage of people scores within two standard deviations of the mean?

Why do personality assessments include some reverse-scored items?

Which assessment procedure is designed to elicit personality characteristics without directly asking?

When a scale is related to a concrete outcome or other behavior, it is said to demonstrate __________.

What is the most commonly used research method in personality psychology?

Studying the speeches of U.S. presidents to assess personality is done using __________.

Angelo wants to ensure that his newly developed measure of empathy does not correlate well with other scales measuring different constructs, such as nonverbal decoding ability, mood awareness, or self-consciousness. Angelo would like to establish __________ for his new measuring instrument.

What do correlations reveal to a researcher?

Which of the following situations is extraordinarily unlikely?

Can a measuring instrument be reliable but not valid? Provide an example.

Understanding Yourself and Others

The Big Five Personality Traits

Biological Underpinnings of Personality

Self-Concept and Self-Processes

Psychodynamic Approaches

Motivation

How Learning Shapes Behavior

Personality Across the Lifespan

Gender and Personality

Culture and Personality

Personality in the Workplace

Personality and Relationships

Personality and Mental Health

Personality and Physical Health

Filters