Exam 9: Cognition and Intelligence

As Rebekah is driving to the hotel where her business convention is being held,she finds that she cannot quite figure out how to get there.The set of __________,which consists of the steps she would need to figure out how to get to her destination,might first have her (1)pull to the side of the road,(2)retrieve her GPS unit from the glove compartment,(3)plug in the unit,(4)type in the address of her destination,and (5)follow the verbal commands until she gets to the hotel.

__________ is the cognitive process of organizing information or beliefs into a series of steps to reach conclusions.

All politicians are dirty,crooked,and dishonest,right? How many examples of dirty politicians can you come up with? The fact that you might be able to immediately think of a few examples of dirty politicians may lead you to believe that all politicians are,in fact,dishonest.This is an example of the __________ heuristic.

Which of the following is the most useful definition of the term intelligence?

When young Violet thinks of a fire truck,several other details immediately show up in her thinking.She thinks "vehicle," "red," "emergency," "lights and siren," and "helpers." The way she organizes these various concept categories based on particular features is an example of a(n)__________.

Dr.Ja is giving a presentation at a professional research conference,and the next day is discussing her presentation with her Psy 101 students.Dr.Ja uses one type of language - full of professional jargon and impressive-sounding words - during her conference presentation,but she removes this sort of advanced language when talking to her undergraduates.This is an example of __________.

__________-directed selection employs the dorsal brain system,while __________-driven capture activates the right ventral brain system.

Which of the following is relatively well-correlated with scores in IQ tests?

Intelligence tests compare a person's mental age to their chronological age to see if an individual's cognitive abilities are ahead of,equal to,or behind others of the same age.

In __________,a French scientist by the name of Alfred Binet was asked to develop a test that could help teachers identify school children who had special needs.

According to psychologist Charles Spearman,the ___-factor refers to the entire skill set of overall intelligence that encompasses a range of abilities.

According to linguistic theory,a spoonerism occurs when a person inadvertently exchanges the initial sounds of two or more words in a phrase.

Intelligence tests were first published in the United States of America,after Lewis Terman created the Stanford-Terman Test of Mental Ability.

The ability to process information and act accordingly is called __________ intelligence,while the mental ability derived from previous experience is called __________ intelligence.

Psychologist Charles Spearman suggested that there is one common factor,called g,that describes overall intelligence as a collection of all of an individual's mental abilities.

When it comes to testing the intelligence of people from different cultural backgrounds who live in the same community,which of the following statements is the most accurate?

________ speed refers to the time it takes an individual to mentally take in and compare stimuli.

Chiang walks out of the dry cleaners holding his freshly laundered shirts on new hangers.He walks over to his car,only to find that he has locked the keys inside.Because he is suffering from __________,he calls a tow truck and waits for 45 minutes,causing him to miss an important meeting at work instead of using one of the hangers to maneuver his way into unlocking the car door.

"I'm really having difficulty getting through to Lana," Miss Batyko lamented while sitting in the teacher's lounge at school."I've tried everything I can think of to help her understand what we're talking about in class,but she still seems to be having so much difficulty! I wonder if there is a kind of test I can use that would measure her potential ability instead of just using a test that measures what she's already learned!" "You're in luck," replied Miss Petraglia."The kind of test you want to use is a(n)_________ test,and it does exist!"

If I say the word "dog" and you immediately begin thinking of various breeds of dogs - cocker spaniel,golden retriever,bulldog,German shepherd - but you fail to think of things like "hot dog," "Snoop Doggy Dog," or "my ex boyfriend," then your cognition has been affected by the __________ theory that says we make category judgments by comparing new things with examples that are familiar to us.