Question 1

Time series designs with many measurement points control for maturation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

The 55-mph speed limit was introduced in the U.S.in 1973.Shortly thereafter the number of auto accidents declined.We can conclude that

Accepted Answer

A) the reduced speed limit caused the decline in auto accidents. 
B) the reduced speed limit may have caused the decline in the number of auto accidents. 
C) the reduced speed limit and the number of auto accidents are causally related. 
D) the reduced speed limit had nothing to do with the decline in auto accidents. 
A) the reduced speed limit caused the decline in auto accidents. 
B) the reduced speed limit may have caused the decline in the number of auto accidents. 
C) the reduced speed limit and the number of auto accidents are causally related. 
D) the reduced speed limit had nothing to do with the decline in auto accidents. B

Question 3

Time series designs with many measurement points control for statistical regression.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

Assume that you have developed a study technique that you believe will result in students scoring higher on research methods exams.You test your study technique with the design diagrammed below.
R = random assignment
0 = observation
X = stimulus
R	01	X	02
R	03	04
Using the diagrammed design,what predictions will you make?

Accepted Answer

A) 02 should be greater than 01. 
B) 02 should be greater than 04. 
C) 04 should be greater than 03. 
D) 02 should be greater than 01 and 04 
A) 02 should be greater than 01. 
B) 02 should be greater than 04. 
C) 04 should be greater than 03. 
D) 02 should be greater than 01 and 04

Question 5

Without using appropriate experimental and control groups,extraneous events in subjects' lives can make history a threat to internal validity,even if those events are of no historical importance to people in general.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

If we can establish that variable X comes before variable Q in time,then we can say

Accepted Answer

A) variable X is a cause of variable Q. 
B) variable X is not a cause of variable Q. 
C) variable Q is a cause of variable X. 
D) variable Q is not a cause of variable X. 
A) variable X is a cause of variable Q. 
B) variable X is not a cause of variable Q. 
C) variable Q is a cause of variable X. 
D) variable Q is not a cause of variable X.

Question 7

Attrition effects are automatically controlled when participants are assigned randomly to experimental and control groups.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which of the following is LEAST suited to providing clear evidence about a causal relationship between the independent and dependent variables?

Accepted Answer

A) classical experimental design. 
B) Solomon four-group design. 
C) posttest-only control group design. 
D) one-shot case study. 
A) classical experimental design. 
B) Solomon four-group design. 
C) posttest-only control group design. 
D) one-shot case study.

Question 9

Discuss how attrition can affect the validity of an experiment and describe steps to minimize attrition.

Accepted Answer

Attrition, or the loss of participants f

Question 10

Which of the following statements is true about case-control designs?

Accepted Answer

A) They rarely are feasible. 
B) Data must be collected at multiple points in time. 
C) Retrospective data are collected about past differences that might explain differences in outcome. 
D) We usually can be highly confident about their internal and external validity. 
E) We usually can be highly confident about the direction of causal influence. 
A) They rarely are feasible. 
B) Data must be collected at multiple points in time. 
C) Retrospective data are collected about past differences that might explain differences in outcome. 
D) We usually can be highly confident about their internal and external validity. 
E) We usually can be highly confident about the direction of causal influence.

Question 11

The design diagrammed in question 8

Accepted Answer

A) treats 0 as the new teaching technique. 
B) treats 0 as the old teaching technique. 
C) treats X as the scores on the research methods exam. 
D) none of these. 
A) treats 0 as the new teaching technique. 
B) treats 0 as the old teaching technique. 
C) treats X as the scores on the research methods exam. 
D) none of these.

Question 12

Suppose a case management program is established to reduce rehospitalization rates in a hospital and that those rates drop dramatically once the new program is established.We can conclude that

Accepted Answer

A) research has demonstrated an effective approach to practice. 
B) causality cannot be inferred because time order was not established. 
C) another event occurring during the time of the study might explain away the change. 
D) the absence of covariation threatens the internal validity of any causal inferences. 
A) research has demonstrated an effective approach to practice. 
B) causality cannot be inferred because time order was not established. 
C) another event occurring during the time of the study might explain away the change. 
D) the absence of covariation threatens the internal validity of any causal inferences.

Question 13

Quasi-experimental designs are often used instead of experimental designs because

Accepted Answer

A) agency constraints often make experiments infeasible. 
B) they have more internal validity than experiments 
C) quasi-experiments randomly assign participants to groups. 
D) all of these. 
A) agency constraints often make experiments infeasible. 
B) they have more internal validity than experiments 
C) quasi-experiments randomly assign participants to groups. 
D) all of these.

Question 14

Explain what is meant by internal and external validity.

Accepted Answer

Internal validity refers to the extent t

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a cross-sectional study?

Accepted Answer

A) It is conducted at only one point in time. 
B) It can be exploratory, descriptive, or explanatory. 
C) It concentrates on the changes that take place within a specific sample over a period of time. 
D) It provides a means for studying a large variation in the population at the same point in time. 
A) It is conducted at only one point in time. 
B) It can be exploratory, descriptive, or explanatory. 
C) It concentrates on the changes that take place within a specific sample over a period of time. 
D) It provides a means for studying a large variation in the population at the same point in time.

Question 16

When selecting a comparison group in a quasi-experimental design,one should

Accepted Answer

A) select a group unlike the experimental group. 
B) select a group as similar as possible to the experimental group. 
C) use random assignment. 
D) none of these 
A) select a group unlike the experimental group. 
B) select a group as similar as possible to the experimental group. 
C) use random assignment. 
D) none of these

Question 17

The one-group pretest-posttest design controls for passage of time.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Suppose a new social casework program is offered to students with high levels of truancy.If those students placed in the program by their families have significantly less truancy after participating than the students who did not participate in the program,then we can conclude that

Accepted Answer

A) the program effectively reduces truancy. 
B) a selection bias might explain away the difference. 
C) causality cannot be inferred because of the lack of covariation. 
D) some clients benefited, so the program has value. 
A) the program effectively reduces truancy. 
B) a selection bias might explain away the difference. 
C) causality cannot be inferred because of the lack of covariation. 
D) some clients benefited, so the program has value.

Question 19

Pre-experimental designs

Accepted Answer

A) are the weakest experimental designs. 
B) control for most sources of internal invalidity. 
C) control for most sources of external invalidity. 
D) are excellent for drawing causal inferences. 
A) are the weakest experimental designs. 
B) control for most sources of internal invalidity. 
C) control for most sources of external invalidity. 
D) are excellent for drawing causal inferences.

Question 20

The Solomon four-group design

Accepted Answer

A) combines the classical experimental design with the posttest-only control group design. 
B) combines the classical experimental design with the pretest-only control group design. 
C) combines the classical experimental design with the static-group comparison design. 
D) combines the static-group comparison design with the one-group pretest-posttest design. 
A) combines the classical experimental design with the posttest-only control group design. 
B) combines the classical experimental design with the pretest-only control group design. 
C) combines the classical experimental design with the static-group comparison design. 
D) combines the static-group comparison design with the one-group pretest-posttest design.

Time series designs with many measurement points control for maturation.

The 55-mph speed limit was introduced in the U.S.in 1973.Shortly thereafter the number of auto accidents declined.We can conclude that

Time series designs with many measurement points control for statistical regression.

Without using appropriate experimental and control groups,extraneous events in subjects' lives can make history a threat to internal validity,even if those events are of no historical importance to people in general.

If we can establish that variable X comes before variable Q in time,then we can say

Attrition effects are automatically controlled when participants are assigned randomly to experimental and control groups.

Which of the following is LEAST suited to providing clear evidence about a causal relationship between the independent and dependent variables?

Discuss how attrition can affect the validity of an experiment and describe steps to minimize attrition.

Which of the following statements is true about case-control designs?

The design diagrammed in question 8

Suppose a case management program is established to reduce rehospitalization rates in a hospital and that those rates drop dramatically once the new program is established.We can conclude that

Quasi-experimental designs are often used instead of experimental designs because

Explain what is meant by internal and external validity.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a cross-sectional study?

When selecting a comparison group in a quasi-experimental design,one should

The one-group pretest-posttest design controls for passage of time.

Suppose a new social casework program is offered to students with high levels of truancy.If those students placed in the program by their families have significantly less truancy after participating than the students who did not participate in the program,then we can conclude that

Pre-experimental designs

The Solomon four-group design

Why Study Research?

Evidence-Based Practice: The Research Process

Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Methods of Inquiry

Factors Influencing the Research Process

Ethical Issues in Social Work Research

Culturally Competent Research

Problem Formulation

Measurement in Quantitative and Qualitative Inquiry

Quantitative and Qualitative Measurement Instruments

Surveys

Sampling: Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches

Single Case Evaluation Designs

Program Evaluation

Additional Methods in Qualitative Inquiry

Analyzing Available Records: Quantitative and Qualitative Methods

Quantitative Data Analysis

Qualitative Data Analysis

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Exam 12: Experiments and Quasi-Experiments

Time series designs with many measurement points control for maturation.

The 55-mph speed limit was introduced in the U.S.in 1973.Shortly thereafter the number of auto accidents declined.We can conclude that

Time series designs with many measurement points control for statistical regression.

Without using appropriate experimental and control groups,extraneous events in subjects' lives can make history a threat to internal validity,even if those events are of no historical importance to people in general.

If we can establish that variable X comes before variable Q in time,then we can say

Attrition effects are automatically controlled when participants are assigned randomly to experimental and control groups.

Which of the following is LEAST suited to providing clear evidence about a causal relationship between the independent and dependent variables?

Discuss how attrition can affect the validity of an experiment and describe steps to minimize attrition.

Which of the following statements is true about case-control designs?

The design diagrammed in question 8

Suppose a case management program is established to reduce rehospitalization rates in a hospital and that those rates drop dramatically once the new program is established.We can conclude that

Quasi-experimental designs are often used instead of experimental designs because

Explain what is meant by internal and external validity.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a cross-sectional study?

When selecting a comparison group in a quasi-experimental design,one should

The one-group pretest-posttest design controls for passage of time.

Suppose a new social casework program is offered to students with high levels of truancy.If those students placed in the program by their families have significantly less truancy after participating than the students who did not participate in the program,then we can conclude that

Pre-experimental designs

The Solomon four-group design

Why Study Research?

Evidence-Based Practice: The Research Process

Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Methods of Inquiry

Factors Influencing the Research Process

Ethical Issues in Social Work Research

Culturally Competent Research

Problem Formulation

Measurement in Quantitative and Qualitative Inquiry

Quantitative and Qualitative Measurement Instruments

Surveys

Sampling: Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches

Single Case Evaluation Designs

Program Evaluation

Additional Methods in Qualitative Inquiry

Analyzing Available Records: Quantitative and Qualitative Methods

Quantitative Data Analysis

Qualitative Data Analysis

Filters