Exam 9: The Fundamentals of Research Methodology

When neither the subjects nor the experimenter are aware of which group is experimental and which is control, then the study is said to be

The statement that "one can prove anything with statistics" is only true when

When subjects are measured, then followed through the years and measured again, the research technique is called

When the results of a rat study conducted in the laboratory are extrapolated to humans in the work place, the study becomes weak in

Questions below will be bases on the following study: A researcher wishes to test whether the drug, magnesium pemoline, has any influence on intelligence. Two groups of subjects are randomly selected from the population of Omega University students. Group A is given the magnesium pemoline and then tested on the Stanford-Binet IQ test. Group B is given a placebo and, then, also tested on the Stanford-Binet. Both groups are tested under identical environmental conditions. -The independent variable in this study is (are) the

The repeated-measures experimental design may lead to ambiguous results unless

In experimental research, the dependent variable always defines the differences in the treatment conditions undergone by the subjects.

When data are in nominal form, the only information provided is

Statistical tests designed to handle interval data, may also be used on

A study on the effects of race on the length of prison sentences found no significant difference regarding the length of the sentences as a function of race (Spohn & Holleran, 2000). The independent variable in this study was race.

Questions below will be bases on the following study: A researcher wishes to test whether the drug, magnesium pemoline, has any influence on intelligence. Two groups of subjects are randomly selected from the population of Omega University students. Group A is given the magnesium pemoline and then tested on the Stanford-Binet IQ test. Group B is given a placebo and, then, also tested on the Stanford-Binet. Both groups are tested under identical environmental conditions. -The study described above is an example of

Questions below will be based on the following: A researcher was interested in discovering whether attitude changes can be more effectively brought about when persons are made to feel part of the decision making process. A group of women was selected and randomly assigned to one of two groups, one group being placed in a large lecture hall, and the other in a small discussion-group setting. In the lecture setting, a speaker exhorted the women to use less expensive cuts of meat, whereas in the small-group setting a different group leader, although raising the same issues as the lecture had, also encouraged the subjects to participate in the discussion and offer suggestions, Several weeks later both groups of women were checked at home to determine whether they were indeed using the meat cuts which had been urged. Only 3% of the lecture group members had the meat cuts, whereas 32% of the discussion group members had the meat cuts. The difference was clearly significant. -The fact that the two groups differed significantly regarding whether or not they had the meat cuts, means that

Whenever measured observations are rank ordered, the data form is

When a significant difference is found between the DV scores of the experimental and control groups, it always means that this difference is

Pre-test sensitization has the potential for

Of the following, the measures which comes closest to ratio scaling are

The measured heights of a group of basketball players form a(n)

Most social scientists treat IQ data as though they are

Whenever we are given information regarding equality versus non-equality, greater than or less than, but not how much greater or less, the data form is

Questions below are based on the following simulation: A researcher attempted to discover if the amount of learned material retained by first-grade children was a function of the mode by which the material was presented. Two first-grade classes are selected, Miss Emily McKenna's class and 142 Miss Clair Keating's class. The study began at 9 AM on a Monday morning. By a flip of a coin, Mrs. Vivian's class was chosen to receive a visual presentation, whereas in Miss McKenna's class an auditory presentation of the same material was used. One hour later, the two groups were compared regarding the amount of material that was retained. -If the children had instead been randomly assigned to the two groups, then the above case would have illustrated the